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Tai MH, Thiam HS, Tee SF, Lim YS, Saw LH, Lai SO. Self-Healing Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone)-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: Effect of Solvent Content. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4641. [PMID: 38139893 PMCID: PMC10747481 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with superior characteristics are needed to advance fuel cell technology. Nafion, the most used PEM in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), has excellent proton conductivity but suffers from high methanol permeability and long-term performance degradation. Thus, this study aimed to create a healable PEM with improved durability and methanol barrier properties by combining sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA). The effect of changing the N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent concentration during membrane casting was investigated. Lower DMAc concentrations improved water absorption and, thus, membrane proton conductivity, but methanol permeability increased correspondingly. For the best trade-off between these two characteristics, the blend membrane with a 10 wt% DMAc solvent (SP10) exhibited the highest selectivity. SP10 also showed a remarkable self-healing capacity by regaining 88% of its pre-damage methanol-blocking efficiency. The ability to self-heal decreased with the increasing solvent concentration because of the increased crosslinking density and structure compactness, which reduced chain mobility. Optimizing the solvent concentration during membrane preparation is therefore an important factor in improving membrane performance in DMFCs. With its exceptional methanol barrier and self-healing characteristics, the pioneering SPEEK/PVA blend membrane may contribute to efficient and durable fuel cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mae Hwa Tai
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.T.); (S.F.T.); (Y.S.L.); (L.H.S.); (S.O.L.)
| | - Hui San Thiam
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.T.); (S.F.T.); (Y.S.L.); (L.H.S.); (S.O.L.)
- Centre for Advanced and Sustainable Materials Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shiau Foon Tee
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.T.); (S.F.T.); (Y.S.L.); (L.H.S.); (S.O.L.)
| | - Yun Seng Lim
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.T.); (S.F.T.); (Y.S.L.); (L.H.S.); (S.O.L.)
| | - Lip Huat Saw
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.T.); (S.F.T.); (Y.S.L.); (L.H.S.); (S.O.L.)
| | - Soon Onn Lai
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.T.); (S.F.T.); (Y.S.L.); (L.H.S.); (S.O.L.)
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Semi-interpenetrating Network Membrane from Polyethyleneimine-Epoxy Resin and Polybenzimidazole for HT-PEM Fuel Cells. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/3845982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) high-temperature proton exchange membrane based on polyethyleneimine (PEI), epoxy resin (ER), and polybenzimidazole (PBI) was prepared and characterized, aiming at their future application in fuel cell devices. The physical properties of the semi-IPN membrane are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile strength test. The results indicate that the as-prepared PEI-ER/PBI semi-IPN membranes possess excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength. After phosphoric acid (PA) doping treatment, the semi-IPN membranes show high proton conductivities. PA doping level and volume swelling ratio as well as proton conductivities of the semi-IPN membranes are found to be positively related to the PEI content. High proton conductivities of
are achieved at 160°C for these PA-doped PEI-ER/PBI series membranes. H2/O2 fuel cell assembled with PA-doped PEI-ER(1 : 2)/PBI membrane delivered a peak power density of 170 mW cm-2 at 160°C under anhydrous conditions.
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3
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Preparation and characterization of proton exchange membrane by UV photografting technique. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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4
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Qu C, Li X, Yang Z, Zhang X, Wang T, Wang Q, Chen S. Damping, thermal, and mechanical performances of a novel semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyimide/epoxy. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zenghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Qihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Shoubing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
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Yang Y, Jin P, Ding S, Chu Y, Shen Y. Organo-Solubility Carbazole-Containing Polyimides with Tunable Memory Characteristics Based on Different Dianhydride Moieties. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Yang
- Applied Chemistry Department; School of Material Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Nanjing 210016 P.R. China
| | - Pan Jin
- Applied Chemistry Department; School of Material Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Nanjing 210016 P.R. China
| | - Shijin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System; School of Microelectronics; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P.R. China
| | - Yueying Chu
- State Key Laboratory Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics; Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance; Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Science; Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - Yingzhong Shen
- Applied Chemistry Department; School of Material Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Nanjing 210016 P.R. China
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Abstract
In this comprehensive review, recent progress and developments on perfluorinated sulfonic-acid (PFSA) membranes have been summarized on many key topics. Although quite well investigated for decades, PFSA ionomers' complex behavior, along with their key role in many emerging technologies, have presented significant scientific challenges but also helped create a unique cross-disciplinary research field to overcome such challenges. Research and progress on PFSAs, especially when considered with their applications, are at the forefront of bridging electrochemistry and polymer (physics), which have also opened up development of state-of-the-art in situ characterization techniques as well as multiphysics computation models. Topics reviewed stem from correlating the various physical (e.g., mechanical) and transport properties with morphology and structure across time and length scales. In addition, topics of recent interest such as structure/transport correlations and modeling, composite PFSA membranes, degradation phenomena, and PFSA thin films are presented. Throughout, the impact of PFSA chemistry and side-chain is also discussed to present a broader perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kusoglu
- Energy Conversion Group, Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, MS70-108B, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Adam Z Weber
- Energy Conversion Group, Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, MS70-108B, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Yang C, Dingyang Y, Huawei Z, Mei L. Enhancing damping properties of epoxy resins using silicone macromolecule intercalated montmorillonite clay. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06329e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible silicone macromolecules have been inserted into OMMT and the constrained layer damping structure has been prepared successfully in the nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- The State Key Lab. of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yao Dingyang
- The State Key Lab. of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zou Huawei
- The State Key Lab. of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liang Mei
- The State Key Lab. of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
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Di Vona ML, Knauth P. Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers as Proton-Conducting Solid Electrolytes for Fuel Cells: a Short Review. Z PHYS CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.2013.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This review describes main strategies for the development of sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAP) with optimal properties for medium temperature (90–120 ºC) polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications. SAP are promising economical polymer electrolytes, but there still exist some challenges about these materials due mainly to excessive swelling in water, poor mechanical strength and low dimensional stability. Here, the state-of-the-art of SAP is reviewed and the main focus will be directed to properties of SAP, including proton conductivity, water uptake, mechanical strength, permeability. Especially three approaches to improve the performances are addressed: the formation of copolymers, the formation of hybrid materials and the polymer reticulation.
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Delhorbe V, Cailleteau C, Chikh L, Guillermo A, Gebel G, Morin A, Fichet O. Influence of the membrane treatment on structure and properties of sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) semi-interpenetrating polymer network. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Hou H, Di Vona ML, Knauth P. Building bridges: Crosslinking of sulfonated aromatic polymers—A review. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yasumoto K, Norisuye T, Teranishi Y, Tran-Cong-Miyata Q, Nomura S. Fabrication and proton conductivity of sulfonated silica composites prepared by postoxidization of mercaptomethoxysilane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Shen J, Zhang Y, Huang M, Wang W, Xu Z, Yeung KWK, Yi C, Xu M. Study on preparation and properties of novel reactive phenolic hydroxyl-containing polyimides. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Zhang H, Shen PK. Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells. Chem Rev 2012; 112:2780-832. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200035s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1086] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Pei Kang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
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15
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Chanthad C, Xu K, Huang H, Wang Q. Proton-conductive polymer nanocomposite membranes prepared from telechelic fluorinated polymers containing perfluorosulfonic acid side chains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Synthesis and characterization of new poly(ester-imide)s based on 1,3-bis[4,4′-bis(trimellitimido) phenyl]-2-propenone and aromatic diols. Macromol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-008-0186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Xu Q, Liu Z, Ma R, Li D, Wang X. Phosphoric acid modified SBA-15 as a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dibutyl-diphenyl methane. CATAL COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2009.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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18
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Cho EB, Kim H, Kim D. Effect of Morphology and Pore Size of Sulfonated Mesoporous Benzene-silicas in the Preparation of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hybrid Nanocomposite Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:9770-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9006763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Bum Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Technology Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Korea
| | - Hoyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Technology Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Korea
| | - Dukjoon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Technology Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Korea
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Chang CW, Hsuan Lin C, Wen Cheng P, Hwang HJ, Dai SA. Facile and efficient preparation of phosphinate-functionalized aromatic diamines and their high-T
g
polyimides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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