Pd/TPPMS in THF/water bi‐phase mixture: Clean Suzuki coupling system to synthesis of high molecular weight polyfluorene derivative

Catalysts for suzuki polycondensation: ionic and "quasi-ionic" amphipathic palladium complexes with self-phase-transfer features

Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) with M(n) values above 100,000 g mol(-1) in a toluene/water system and M(n) values up to 600,000 g mol(-1) in a THF/water system has been obtained by improved Suzuki polycondensation using a new kind of amphipathic palladium catalyst with self-phase-transfer features, which could overcome the disadvantage caused by the immiscible biphasic mixture and accelerate the transmetalation step.

Suzuki Polycondensation: Polyarylenes à la Carte

This review draws a rather comprehensive picture of how Suzuki polycondensation was discovered in 1989 and how it was subsequently developed into the most powerful polymerization method for polyarylenes during the last 20 years. It combines insights into synthetic issues with classes of polymers prepared and touches upon aspects of this method's technological importance. Because a significant part of the developmental work was carried out in industry, the present review makes reference to an unusually large number of patents.