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Wu R, Matta M, Paulsen BD, Rivnay J. Operando Characterization of Organic Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conducting Materials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4493-4551. [PMID: 35026108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Operando characterization plays an important role in revealing the structure-property relationships of organic mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs), enabling the direct observation of dynamic changes during device operation and thus guiding the development of new materials. This review focuses on the application of different operando characterization techniques in the study of OMIECs, highlighting the time-dependent and bias-dependent structure, composition, and morphology information extracted from these techniques. We first illustrate the needs, requirements, and challenges of operando characterization then provide an overview of relevant experimental techniques, including spectroscopy, scattering, microbalance, microprobe, and electron microscopy. We also compare different in silico methods and discuss the interplay of these computational methods with experimental techniques. Finally, we provide an outlook on the future development of operando for OMIEC-based devices and look toward multimodal operando techniques for more comprehensive and accurate description of OMIECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Micaela Matta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan D Paulsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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Zhang W, Jamal R, Zhang R, Yu Z, Yan Y, Liu Y, Ge Y, Abdiryim T. Self-assembly of pendant functional groups grafted PEDOT as paracetamol detection material. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3592-3603. [PMID: 31995070 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05759e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, pendant functional group grafted EDOTs, such as EDOTCH2NH2, EDOTCH2OH and EDOTCH2SH, were selected as monomers for the preparation of their respective polymers via a common chemical oxidative polymerization method in the absence of CTAB by varying the [monomer]/[oxidant] ratios. The self-assembly mechanism of the polymers was systematically studied by discussing the hydrogen bonding effect, acidity and electron-donating ability, as well as the chain initiation and chain growth of the chemically oxidated polymerized monomers. These functional group grafted PEDOTs were applied to the electrochemical determination of paracetamol (PAR) to further investigate the effect of the pendant functional groups (-SH, -OH, -NH2) on the electrochemical sensing behaviour of the polymers. The results indicated that the hydrogen bonding effect of the pendant functional groups was vital to the self-assembly of the polymer chains, and the PEDOTs with -OH and -SH groups had a tendency to self-assemble into a spherical structure, while the PEDOT with an -NH2 group exhibited a fibrous structure. The electrochemical response of PEDOTs with functional groups was better than that that of PEDOT alone, and the highest electrochemical response was observed in PEDOT with an -SH group ([monomer]/[oxidant] = 1 : 8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Ruxangul Jamal
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Ruanye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Zongna Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Yinqiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Yingcheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Ge
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Tursun Abdiryim
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
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Electro-polymerisation and characterisation of PEDOT in Lewis basic, neutral and acidic EMImCl-AlCl3 ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mantione D, Del Agua I, Sanchez-Sanchez A, Mecerreyes D. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Derivatives: Innovative Conductive Polymers for Bioelectronics. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E354. [PMID: 30971030 PMCID: PMC6418870 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)s are the conducting polymers (CP) with the biggest prospects in the field of bioelectronics due to their combination of characteristics (conductivity, stability, transparency and biocompatibility). The gold standard material is the commercially available poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). However, in order to well connect the two fields of biology and electronics, PEDOT:PSS presents some limitations associated with its low (bio)functionality. In this review, we provide an insight into the synthesis and applications of innovative poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)-type materials for bioelectronics. First, we present a detailed analysis of the different synthetic routes to (bio)functional dioxythiophene monomer/polymer derivatives. Second, we focus on the preparation of PEDOT dispersions using different biopolymers and biomolecules as dopants and stabilizers. To finish, we review the applications of innovative PEDOT-type materials such as biocompatible conducting polymer layers, conducting hydrogels, biosensors, selective detachment of cells, scaffolds for tissue engineering, electrodes for electrophysiology, implantable electrodes, stimulation of neuronal cells or pan-bio electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mantione
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Isabel Del Agua
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
| | - Ana Sanchez-Sanchez
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
| | - David Mecerreyes
- Polymat University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain.
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Shaplov AS, Ponkratov DO, Vygodskii YS. Poly(ionic liquid)s: Synthesis, properties, and application. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s156009041602007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guo J, Zhao J, Wang B, Yan F. Water-soluble cationic polypyrrole based probe for fluorometric and voltammetric detection of base pair mismatched oligonucleotides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangna Guo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
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Illescas J, Casu M, Alzari V, Nuvoli D, Scorciapino MA, Sanna R, Sanna V, Mariani A. Poly(ionic liquid)s derived from 3-octyl-1-vinylimidazolium bromide andN-isopropylacrylamide with tunable properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Illescas
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; Università di Sassari, and Local INSTM Unit; 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Mariano Casu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Valeria Alzari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; Università di Sassari, and Local INSTM Unit; 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Daniele Nuvoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; Università di Sassari, and Local INSTM Unit; 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Mariano Andrea Scorciapino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; 09042 Monserrato Italy
| | - Roberta Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; Università di Sassari, and Local INSTM Unit; 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; Università di Sassari, and Local INSTM Unit; 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Alberto Mariani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia; Università di Sassari, and Local INSTM Unit; 07100 Sassari Italy
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Fernandes AM, Gracia R, Leal GP, Paulis M, Mecerreyes D. Simple route to prepare stable liquid marbles using poly(ionic liquid)s. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Brombosz SM, Seifert S, Firestone MA. Patterning a π-conjugated polyelectrolyte through sequential polymerization of a bifunctional ionic liquid monomer. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Taleb S, Darmanin T, Guittard F. Superhydrophobic conducting polymers with switchable water and oil repellency by voltage and ion exchange. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44960b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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12
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Darmanin T, Guittard F. Superoleophobic polymers with metal ion affinity toward materials with both oleophobic and hydrophilic properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 408:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhang L, Wen Y, Yao Y, Duan X, Xu J, Wang X. Electrosynthesis, characterization, and application of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) derivative with a chloromethyl functionality. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang; 330013; People's Republic of China
| | - Yangping Wen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang; 330013; People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang; 330013; People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang; 330013; People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang; 330013; People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang; 330013; People's Republic of China
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Darmanin T, Guittard F. pH- and Voltage-Switchable Superhydrophobic Surfaces by Electro-Copolymerization of EDOT Derivatives Containing Carboxylic Acids and Long Alkyl Chains. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:2529-33. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sun D, Jin L, Chen Y, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. Microwave-Assisted In Situ Synthesis of Graphene/PEDOT Hybrid and Its Application in Supercapacitors. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Shainyan BA, Tolstikova LL. Trifluoromethanesulfonamides and Related Compounds. Chem Rev 2012; 113:699-733. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300220h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bagrat A. Shainyan
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Science, 1
Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Ljudmila L. Tolstikova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Science, 1
Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
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Moczko E, Istamboulie G, Calas-Blanchard C, Rouillon R, Noguer T. Biosensor employing screen-printed PEDOT:PSS for sensitive detection of phenolic compounds in water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Arias-Pardilla J, Otero T, Yu HH. Electropolymerization and characterization of COOH-functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Ionic exchanges. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Stagnaro P, Panizza M, Gandini A, Prevosto D, Lucchesi M. Unravelling the detailed microstructure of a semiconducting (quasi-metal) soluble polymer incorporating conjugated thienylene methine sequences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Bu HB, Götz G, Reinold E, Vogt A, Schmid S, Segura JL, Blanco R, Gómez R, Bäuerle P. Efficient post-polymerization functionalization of conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) via ‘click’-reaction. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Lind JU, Hansen TS, Daugaard AE, Hvilsted S, Andresen TL, Larsen NB. Solvent Composition Directing Click-Functionalization at the Surface or in the Bulk of Azide-Modified PEDOT. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma102149u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan U. Lind
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Ørsteds Plads 345ø, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas S. Hansen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Ørsteds Plads 345ø, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders E. Daugaard
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Søren Hvilsted
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 227, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas L. Andresen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Ørsteds Plads 345ø, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Niels B. Larsen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Ørsteds Plads 345ø, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Bozzini B, Tondo E, Bund A, Ispas A, Mele C. Electrodeposition of Au from [EMIm][TFSA] room-temperature ionic liquid: An electrochemical and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy study. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2010.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Döbbelin M, Tena-Zaera R, Carrasco PM, Sarasua JR, Cabañero G, Mecerreyes D. Electrochemical synthesis of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanotube arrays using ZnO templates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Arias-Pardilla J, Otero T, Blanco R, Segura J. Synthesis, electropolymerization and oxidation kinetics of an anthraquinone-functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Döbbelin M, Marcilla R, Pozo-Gonzalo C, Mecerreyes D. Innovative materials and applications based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and ionic liquids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00114g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Green O, Grubjesic S, Lee S, Firestone MA. The Design of Polymeric Ionic Liquids for the Preparation of Functional Materials. POLYM REV 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/15583720903291116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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