1
|
Yao X, Cao X, He J, Hao L, Chen H, Li X, Huang W. Controlled Fabrication of Unimolecular Micelles as Versatile Nanoplatform for Multifunctional Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405816. [PMID: 39246207 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Unimolecular micelles (UMs) are nano-sized structures that are composed of single molecules with precise composition. Compared to self-assembled polymeric micelles, UMs possess ultra-stable property even in complex biological environment. With the development of controllable polymerization and coupling chemistry, the preparation of narrowly monodispersed UMs with precise morphology and size has been realized, which further facilitates their multifunctional applications. After brief introduction, state-of-the-art advances in the synthesis and applications of UMs are discussed with an emphasis on their bioapplications. It is believed that these UMs have great potential in future fabrication of multifunctional nanoplatforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xikuang Yao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Cao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu He
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Linhui Hao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Haobo Chen
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi W, Wu B, Guo X, Feng AC, Thang S. Fluorescent Strategy for Direct Quantification of Arm Component in Mikto-Arm Star Copolymers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01656c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent end-functional mikto-arm star copolymers were prepared by an “arm-first” approach mediated by a mixture of macro-RAFT agents. RAFT copolymerization of coumarin-POEGMA, boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-PDMA and bisindolylmaleimide (BIM)-PNIPAM with different fluorophore-labeled...
Collapse
|
3
|
Carrazzone RJ, Foster JC, Li Z, Matson JB. Tuning small molecule release from polymer micelles: Varying H 2S release through cross linking in the micelle core. Eur Polym J 2020; 141:110077. [PMID: 33162563 PMCID: PMC7643851 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymer micelles, used extensively as vehicles in the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients, represent a versatile polymer architecture in drug delivery systems. We hypothesized that degree of crosslinking in the hydrophobic core of amphiphilic block copolymer micelles could be used to tune the rate of release of the biological signaling gas (gasotransmitter) hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a potential therapeutic. To test this hypothesis, we first synthesized amphiphilic block copolymers of the structure PEG-b-P(FBEA) (PEG = poly(ethylene glycol), FBEA = 2-(4-formylbenzoyloxy)ethyl acrylate). Using a modified arm-first approach, we then varied the crosslinking percentage in the core-forming block via addition of a 'O,O'-alkanediyl bis(hydroxylamine) crosslinking agent. We followed incorporation of the crosslinker by 1H NMR spectroscopy, monitoring the appearance of the oxime signal resulting from reaction of pendant aryl aldehydes on the block copolymer with hydroxylamines on the crosslinker, which revealed crosslinking percentages of 5, 10, and 15%. We then installed H2S-releasing S-aroylthiooxime (SATO) groups on the crosslinked polymers, yielding micelles with SATO units in their hydrophobic cores after self-assembly in water. H2S release studies in water, using cysteine (Cys) as a trigger to induce H2S release from the SATO groups in the micelle core, revealed increasing half-lives of H2S release, from 117 ± 6 min to 210 ± 30 min, with increasing crosslinking density in the micelle core. This result was consistent with our hypothesis, and we speculate that core crosslinking limits the rate of Cys diffusion into the micelle core, decreasing the release rate. This method for tuning the release of covalently linked small molecules through modulation of micelle core crosslinking density may extend beyond H2S to other drug delivery systems where precise control of release rate is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Carrazzone
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Foster
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ahn NY, Seo M. Synthetic route-dependent intramolecular segregation in heteroarm core cross-linked star polymers as Janus-like nanoobjects. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00947g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced intramolecular segregation can be realized during the “in–out” synthesis of heteroarm core cross-linked star polymers to facilitate well-defined microphase separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Young Ahn
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Myungeun Seo
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vishwakarma NK, Hwang YH, Adiyala PR, Kim DP. Flow-Assisted Switchable Catalysis of Metal Ions in a Microenvelope System Embedded with Core-Shell Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43104-43111. [PMID: 30444347 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Many efforts have been made on stimuli-responsive switchable catalysis to trigger catalytic activity over various chemical reactions. However, the reported light-, pH- or chemically responsive organocatalysts are mostly incomplete in the aspects of shielding efficiency and long-term performance. Here, we advance the flow-assisted switchable catalysis of metal ions in a microenvelope system that allows the on-off catalysis mode on demand for long-lasting catalytic activity. Various metal-ion catalysts can be selectively embedded in a novel polymeric core-shell of the heteroarm star copolymer of poly(styrene) and poly(4-vinylpyridine) emanated from a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane center. The immobilized core-shell polymer on the inner wall of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) envelope microreactor shows on-off switching catalysis between the expanded active mode and contracted protective mode under continuous flow of solvents or subsequent dry conditions. In particular, the preserved catalytic activity of toxic Hg2+ for oxymercuration was demonstrated even for 2 weeks without leaching, whereas the activity of moisture-sensitive Ru3+ ions for polymerization of methyl methacrylate was maintained even after 5 days from an open atmosphere. It is practical that the tight environment of the enveloped microfluidic system facilitates cyclic switching between the reaction-"on" and -"off" modes of such toxic, sensitive/expensive catalysts for long-term prevention and preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj K Vishwakarma
- National Creative Research Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Hwang
- National Creative Research Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Praveen Reddy Adiyala
- National Creative Research Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- National Creative Research Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Negrell C, Voirin C, Boutevin B, Ladmiral V, Caillol S. From monomer synthesis to polymers with pendant aldehyde groups. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Arslan M, Tasdelen MA. Click Chemistry in Macromolecular Design: Complex Architectures from Functional Polymers. CHEMISTRY AFRICA-A JOURNAL OF THE TUNISIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-018-0030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers respond to a variety of external stimuli, which include optical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, redox, pH, chemical, environmental and biological signals. This paper is concerned with the process of forming such polymers by RAFT polymerization.
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu J, Qiao R, Whittaker MR, Quinn JF, Davis TP. Synthesis of Star Polymers by RAFT Polymerization as Versatile Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. Aust J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/ch17391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The precise control of polymer chain architecture has been made possible by developments in polymer synthesis and conjugation chemistry. In particular, the synthesis of polymers in which at least three linear polymeric chains (or arms) are tethered to a central core has yielded a useful category of branched architecture, so-called star polymers. Fabrication of star polymers has traditionally been achieved using either a core-first technique or an arm-first approach. Recently, the ability to couple polymeric chain precursors onto a functionalized core via highly efficient coupling chemistry has provided a powerful new methodology for star synthesis. Star syntheses can be implemented using any of the living polymerization techniques using ionic or living radical intermediates. Consequently, there are innumerable routes to fabricate star polymers with varying chemical composition and arm numbers. In comparison with their linear counterparts, star polymers have unique characteristics such as low viscosity in solution, prolonged blood circulation, and high accumulation in tumour regions. These advantages mean that, far beyond their traditional application as rheology control agents, star polymers may also be useful in the medical and pharmaceutical sciences. In this account, we discuss recent advances made in our laboratory focused on star polymer research ranging from improvements in synthesis through to novel applications of the product materials. Specifically, we examine the core-first and arm-first preparation of stars using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Further, we also discuss several biomedical applications of the resulting star polymers, particularly those made by the arm-first protocol. Emphasis is given to applications in the emerging area of nanomedicine, in particular to the use of star polymers for controlled delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, protein inhibitors, signalling molecules, and siRNA. Finally, we examine possible future developments for the technology and suggest the further work required to enable clinical applications of these interesting materials.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahn NY, Seo M. Heteroarm core cross-linked star polymers via RAFT copolymerization of styrene and bismaleimide. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07527d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Core cross-linked star polymer containing polystyrene and polylactide arms can be prepared by alternating RAFT copolymerization and self-assembles into superstructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Young Ahn
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Myungeun Seo
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Luo Z, Pei J. Core Cross-Linked Star Polymer Prepared Via Arm-Linking Reaction Mediated By 1,1-Diphenylethene Radical Polymerization System. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2015.1063867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
12
|
Vishnevetskii DV, Plutalova AV, Yulusov VV, Zotova OS, Chernikova EV, Zaitsev SD. Controlled radical copolymerization of styrene with acrylic acid and tert-butyl acrylate under conditions of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer: Control of the chain microstructure. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090415030094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
13
|
Wei X, Moad G, Muir BW, Rizzardo E, Rosselgong J, Yang W, Thang SH. An Arm-First Approach to Cleavable Mikto-Arm Star Polymers by RAFT Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:840-5. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Benjamin W. Muir
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Ezio Rizzardo
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Julien Rosselgong
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - San H. Thang
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mukherjee S, Bapat AP, Hill MR, Sumerlin BS. Oximes as reversible links in polymer chemistry: dynamic macromolecular stars. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01282h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the formation of oxime-functional macromolecular stars that are able to dissociate and reconstruct themselves upon application of a stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soma Mukherjee
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| | - Abhijeet P. Bapat
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| | - Megan R. Hill
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
He Q, Huang J, Liang H, Lu J. Light-responsive fluorescent cross-linked polymeric micelles based on a salicylidene Schiff base pendant-functionalized block copolymer. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00053f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Huang J, Xiao Z, Liang H, Lu J. Star graft copolymer via grafting-onto strategy using a comb!ination of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer arm-first technique and aldehyde-aminooxy click reaction. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composites and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 PR China
| | - Zhongpeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composites and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 PR China
| | - Hui Liang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composites and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 PR China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composites and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 PR China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aromatic aldehyde functionalized polycaprolactone and polystyrene macromonomers: Synthesis, characterization and aldehyde–aminooxy click reaction. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
18
|
Jiang X, Shi Y, Zhu W, Chen Y, Xi F. Synthesis of mikto-topology star polymer containing one cyclic arm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Gregory A, Stenzel MH. Complex polymer architectures via RAFT polymerization: From fundamental process to extending the scope using click chemistry and nature's building blocks. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
20
|
Zhang C, Miao M, Cao X, An Z. One-pot RAFT synthesis of core cross-linked star polymers of polyPEGMA in water by sequential homogeneous and heterogeneous polymerizations. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20442h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
21
|
Mu CG, Fan XD, Tian W, Bai Y, Zhou X. Miktoarm star polymers with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) or poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) as building blocks: synthesis and comparison of thermally-responsive behaviors. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20029e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
22
|
Shi X, Zhou W, Qiu Q, An Z. Amphiphilic heteroarm star polymer synthesized by RAFT dispersion polymerization in water/ethanol solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7389-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33812b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
23
|
Altintas O, Vogt AP, Barner-Kowollik C, Tunca U. Constructing star polymersvia modular ligation strategies. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00249j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over recent years, modular ligation reactions—some of which adhere to the click criteria—have enabled the synthesis of a variety of star polymers via efficient polymer–polymer conjugations. The copper catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), Diels–Alder (DA), and Hetero Diels–Alder (HDA) reactions are reviewed here in detail for the facile generation of various macromolecular star topologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozcan Altintas
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Andrew P. Vogt
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Umit Tunca
- Department of Chemistry
- Istanbul Technical University
- Istanbul
- Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Y, Zhang B, Hoskins JN, Grayson SM. Synthesis, purification, and characterization of “perfect” star polymers via “Click” coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
25
|
Akeroyd N, Klumperman B. The combination of living radical polymerization and click chemistry for the synthesis of advanced macromolecular architectures. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
26
|
Gorur M, Yilmaz F, Kilic A, Sahin ZM, Demirci A. Synthesis of pyrene end-capped A6 dendrimer and star polymer with phosphazene core via “click chemistry”. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
27
|
Soliman GM, Sharma A, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Dendrimers and miktoarm polymers based multivalent nanocarriers for efficient and targeted drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:9572-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11981h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|