Poly(siloxane-urethane) crosslinked structures obtained by sol-gel technique

Biopolymer hydrogels and synergistic blends for tailored wound healing

Biopolymers have a transformative role in wound repair due to their biocompatibility, ability to stimulate collagen production, and controlled drug and growth factor delivery. This article delves into the biological parameters critical to wound healing emphasizing how combinations of hydrogels with reparative properties can be strategically designed to create matrices that stimulate targeted cellular responses at the wound site to facilitate tissue repair and recovery. Beyond a detailed examination of various biopolymer types and their functionalities in wound dressings acknowledging that the optimal choice depends on the specific wound type and application, this evaluation provides concepts for developing synergistic biopolymer blends to create next-generation dressings with enhanced efficiencies. Furthermore, the incorporation of therapeutic agents such as medications and wound healing accelerators into dressings to enhance their efficacy is examined. These agents often possess desirable properties such as antibacterial activity, antioxidant effects, and the ability to promote collagen synthesis and tissue regeneration. Finally, recent advancements in conductive hydrogels are explored, highlighting their capabilities in treatment and real-time wound monitoring. This comprehensive resource emphasizes the importance of optimizing ingredient efficiency besides assisting researchers in selecting suitable materials for personalized wound dressings, ultimately leading to more sophisticated and effective wound management strategies.

Sustainable Secondary-Raw Materials, Natural Substances and Eco-Friendly Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for Improved Surface Performances: An Overview of What They Are and How They Work

To meet modern society’s requirements for sustainability and environmental protection, innovative and smart surface coatings are continually being developed to improve or impart surface functional qualities and protective features. These needs regard numerous different sectors, such as cultural heritage, building, naval, automotive, environmental remediation and textiles. In this regard, researchers and nanotechnology are therefore mostly devoted to the development of new and smart nanostructured finishings and coatings featuring different implemented properties, such as anti-vegetative or antibacterial, hydrophobic, anti-stain, fire retardant, controlled release of drugs, detection of molecules and mechanical resistance. A variety of chemical synthesis techniques are usually employed to obtain novel nanostructured materials based on the use of an appropriate polymeric matrix in combination with either functional doping molecules or blended polymers, as well as multicomponent functional precursors and nanofillers. Further efforts are being made, as described in this review, to carry out green and eco-friendly synthetic protocols, such as sol–gel synthesis, starting from bio-based, natural or waste substances, in order to produce more sustainable (multi)functional hybrid or nanocomposite coatings, with a focus on their life cycle in accordance with the circular economy principles.

Characteristics and preparation of oil-coated fertilizers: A review

As the slow-release fertilizer, oil-coated fertilizer can not only slow down the nutrients loss, but also have outstanding advantages in controlling the nutrients release. Based on a large number of literature, this paper systematically investigated the composition, classification, properties and preparation of oil-coated fertilizers, summarizes the challenges faced by the oil-coated fertilizers and offers a few suggestions for the future research. Through literature research, some important conclusions were found: (1) Oil-coated fertilizers are generally composed of core fertilizers and coated oil layers, and some have active interlayers. (2) Vegetable oils has the characteristics of easy degradation, water resistance and impact resistance, and the nutrient release curves of vegetable oil coated fertilizer in soil and still water are "S" type. (3) The modified polyurethane exhibits good compatibility with urea, and can control the release of N in a long period of time, which is 30 days longer than the N release life of ordinary polyurethane-coated fertilizers. (4) Oil-coated fertilizers can reduce the loss of N by slowing down the hydrolysis rate of urea and the nitrification from NH₄⁺ to NO₃^-, which reduces the N₂O release by 70-80% compared to the uncoated fertilizers. Moreover, the paper also proposes a new preparation method of oil-coated material.

Conductive Biomaterials as Bioactive Wound Dressing for Wound Healing and Skin Tissue Engineering

Conductive biomaterials based on conductive polymers, carbon nanomaterials, or conductive inorganic nanomaterials demonstrate great potential in wound healing and skin tissue engineering, owing to the similar conductivity to human skin, good antioxidant and antibacterial activities, electrically controlled drug delivery, and photothermal effect. However, a review highlights the design and application of conductive biomaterials for wound healing and skin tissue engineering is lacking. In this review, the design and fabrication methods of conductive biomaterials with various structural forms including film, nanofiber, membrane, hydrogel, sponge, foam, and acellular dermal matrix for applications in wound healing and skin tissue engineering and the corresponding mechanism in promoting the healing process were summarized. The approaches that conductive biomaterials realize their great value in healing wounds via three main strategies (electrotherapy, wound dressing, and wound assessment) were reviewed. The application of conductive biomaterials as wound dressing when facing different wounds including acute wound and chronic wound (infected wound and diabetic wound) and for wound monitoring is discussed in detail. The challenges and perspectives in designing and developing multifunctional conductive biomaterials are proposed as well.

Preparation and Properties of Self-Healing Polyurethane Elastomer Derived from Tung-Oil-Based Polyphenol

A tung-oil-based polyphenol (ATOM), containing the phenolic hydroxyl group, was synthesized from tung oil and 4-maleimidophenol by the Diels-Alder addition reaction. Then self-healing thermosetting polyurethanes were prepared from ATOM and the polyurethane prepolymer. The chemical structure and cross-link network were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and swelling tests. The products partially dissolved in trichlorobenzene when the temperature rose to 110 °C. Temperature-variable FTIR confirmed that the phenolic urethane starts to partially dissolve at 100 °C, which can be explained by the experimental phenomenon in swelling tests. Tensile property analysis showed that the broken and healed thermosets maintained about 46-64% of their original tensile strengths and 81-88% of their original elongations at break, respectively.

Effects of polysiloxanes with different molecular weights on in vitro cytotoxicity and properties of polyurethane/cotton–cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite films

A series of polyurethane/cotton–cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite films are manufactured using amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, polycarbonate diol, isophorone diisocyanate, and dispersed cotton–cellulose nanofibers.

Synthesis and characterization of metal-containing poly(siloxane-urethane) crosslinked structures derived from siloxane diols and ferrocene diisocyanate

Ferrocene, siloxane and polyurethane moieties were combined for the first time in cross-linked materials with interesting electric and electro-chemical behavior.

Poly(urethane-dimethylsiloxane) copolymers displaying a range of soft segment contents, noncytotoxic chemistry, and nonadherent properties toward endothelial cells

Polyurethane copolymers based on α,ω-dihydroxypropyl poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with a range of soft segment contents were prepared by two-stage polymerization, and their microstructures, thermal, thermomechanical, and surface properties, as well as in vitro hemo- and cytocompatibility were evaluated. All utilized characterization methods confirmed the existence of moderately microphase separated structures with the appearance of some microphase mixing between segments as the PDMS (i.e., soft segment) content increased. Copolymers showed higher crystallinity, storage moduli, surface roughness, and surface free energy, but less hydrophobicity with decreasing PDMS content. Biocompatibility of copolymers was evaluated using an endothelial EA.hy926 cell line by direct contact, an extraction method and after pretreatment of copolymers with multicomponent protein mixture, as well as by a competitive protein adsorption assay. Copolymers showed no toxic effect to endothelial cells and all copolymers, except that with the lowest PDMS content, exhibited resistance to endothelial cell adhesion, suggesting their unsuitability for long-term biomedical devices which particularly require re-endothelialization. All copolymers exhibited excellent resistance to fibrinogen adsorption and adsorbed more albumin than fibrinogen in the competitive adsorption assay, suggesting their good hemocompatibility. The noncytotoxic chemistry of these synthesized materials, combined with their nonadherent properties which are inhospitable to cell attachment and growth, underlie the need for further investigations to clarify their potential for use in short-term biomedical devices.