1
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Dau H, Jones GR, Tsogtgerel E, Nguyen D, Keyes A, Liu YS, Rauf H, Ordonez E, Puchelle V, Basbug Alhan H, Zhao C, Harth E. Linear Block Copolymer Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14471-14553. [PMID: 35960550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers form the basis of the most ubiquitous materials such as thermoplastic elastomers, bridge interphases in polymer blends, and are fundamental for the development of high-performance materials. The driving force to further advance these materials is the accessibility of block copolymers, which have a wide variety in composition, functional group content, and precision of their structure. To advance and broaden the application of block copolymers will depend on the nature of combined segmented blocks, guided through the combination of polymerization techniques to reach a high versatility in block copolymer architecture and function. This review provides the most comprehensive overview of techniques to prepare linear block copolymers and is intended to serve as a guideline on how polymerization techniques can work together to result in desired block combinations. As the review will give an account of the relevant procedures and access areas, the sections will include orthogonal approaches or sequentially combined polymerization techniques, which increases the synthetic options for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Glen R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hasaan Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Valentin Puchelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hatice Basbug Alhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Chenying Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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2
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Ye S, Lotocki V, Xu H, Seferos DS. Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6442-6474. [PMID: 35843215 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00139j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five-membered aromatic rings containing Group 16 elements (O, S, Se, and Te), also referred as chalcogenophenes, are ubiquitous building blocks for π-conjugated polymers (CPs). Among these, polythiophenes have been established as a model system to study the interplay between molecular structure, solid-state organization, and electronic performance. The judicious substitution of alternative heteroatoms into polythiophenes is a promising strategy for tuning their properties and improving the performance of derived organic electronic devices, thus leading to the recent abundance of CPs containing furan, selenophene, and tellurophene. In this review, we first discuss the current status of Kumada, Negishi, Murahashi, Suzuki-Miyaura, and direct arylation polymerizations, representing the best routes to access well-defined chalcogenophene-containing homopolymers and copolymers. The self-assembly, optical, solid-state, and electronic properties of these polymers and their influence on device performance are then summarized. In addition, we highlight post-polymerization modifications as effective methods to transform polychalcogenophene backbones or side chains in ways that are unobtainable by direct polymerization. Finally, the major challenges and future outlook in this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Victor Lotocki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada. .,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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3
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Rodriguez J, Dhanjee HH, Pentelute BL, Buchwald SL. Palladium Mediated Synthesis of Protein-Polyarene Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11706-11712. [PMID: 35749644 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst transfer polymerization (CTP) is widely applied to the synthesis of well-defined π-conjugated polymers. Unlike other polymerization reactions that can be performed in water (e.g., controlled radical polymerizations and ring-opening polymerizations), CTP has yet to be adapted for the modification of biopolymers. Here, we report the use of protein-palladium oxidative addition complexes (OACs) that enable catalyst transfer polymerization to furnish protein-polyarene conjugates. These polymerizations occur with electron-deficient monomers in aqueous buffers open to air at mild (≤37 °C) temperatures with full conversion of the protein OAC and an average polymer length of nine repeating units. Proteins with polyarene chains terminated with palladium OACs can be readily isolated. Direct evidence of protein-polyarene OAC formation was obtained using mass spectrometry, and all protein-polyarene chain ends were uniformly functionalized via C-S arylation to terminate the polymerization with a small molecule thiol or a cysteine-containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Rodriguez
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heemal H Dhanjee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley L Pentelute
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States.,Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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4
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Krasowska D, Karpowicz R, Drabowicz J. Chiral Polythiophenes: Part I: Syntheses of Monomeric Precursors. Molecules 2021; 26:4205. [PMID: 34299480 PMCID: PMC8306549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this mini-review is to comprehensively present the synthetic approaches used for the preparation of non-racemic mono- and multi-substituted thiophenes, which, in turn, can be applied as precursors for the synthesis of chiral polythiophenes isolated as a single chemical entity or having supramolecular thin-layer architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Krasowska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Karpowicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Józef Drabowicz
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej Ave. 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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5
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Bautista MV, Varni AJ, Ayuso-Carrillo J, Carson MC, Noonan KJT. Pairing Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling and catalyst transfer polymerization. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01507e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Borylation strategies to make AB Suzuki–Miyaura monomers for use in catalyst-transfer polymerization with nickel or palladium catalysts.
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6
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Vertommen S, Battaglini E, Salatelli E, Deschaume O, Bartic C, Verbiest T, Koeckelberghs G. The Importance of Excellent π-π Interactions in Poly(thiophene)s To Reach a High Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Response. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9668-9679. [PMID: 33115240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly(thiophene)s have an inherently large third-order nonlinear optical (TONO) response, but applications are not straightforward due to unoptimized materials. Therefore, several structure-property relationships (molar mass, branching, regioregularity) are investigated to unravel which structural modifications give the highest TONO response. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) with different molar masses, poly[3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene] with different molar masses, and random copolymers with different degrees of regioregularity are synthesized and measured by UV-vis spectroscopy and the third harmonic scattering technique. Every structural modification that leads to an increase in π-π interactions in poly(thiophene)s leads to an increase in the TONO response of the material. Therefore, a material with a high molar mass, an unbranched alkyl side chain, and a high regioregularity degree is preferably tested as a promising TONO material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stien Vertommen
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, box 2404, Heverlee, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Elena Battaglini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Salatelli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Olivier Deschaume
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, box 2416, Heverlee, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Carmen Bartic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, box 2416, Heverlee, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Thierry Verbiest
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, box 2425, Heverlee, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, box 2404, Heverlee, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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7
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Lee J, Park H, Hwang SH, Lee IH, Choi TL. RuPhos Pd Precatalyst and MIDA Boronate as an Effective Combination for the Precision Synthesis of Poly(3-hexylthiophene): Systematic Investigation of the Effects of Boronates, Halides, and Ligands. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Hyeok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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8
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Amna B, Siddiqi HM, Hassan A, Ozturk T. Recent developments in the synthesis of regioregular thiophene-based conjugated polymers for electronic and optoelectronic applications using nickel and palladium-based catalytic systems. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4322-4396. [PMID: 35495258 PMCID: PMC9049189 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09712k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiophene-based conjugated polymers are important conjugated polymers due to their exceptional optical and conductive properties, over the past few decades many researchers have designed novel strategies to reach more efficient materials for electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Amna
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad 45320
- Pakistan
- Istanbul Technical University
| | | | - Abbas Hassan
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad 45320
- Pakistan
| | - Turan Ozturk
- Istanbul Technical University
- Department of Chemistry
- 34469 Maslak
- Turkey
- TUBITAK-UME
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9
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Verheyen L, De Winter J, Gerbaux P, Koeckelberghs G. Effect of the Nature and the Position of Defects on the Chiral Expression in Poly(3-alkylthiophene)s. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lize Verheyen
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Julien De Winter
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Pascal Gerbaux
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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10
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Exploring the Utility of Buchwald Ligands for C-H Oxidative Direct Arylation Polymerizations. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:931-936. [PMID: 35619496 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative C-H/C-H cross-coupling polymerizations provide an opportunity to synthesize conjugated polymers with an increased ease of monomer preparation, reduced environmental impact, and increased sustainability. Considering these attributes, it is necessary to expand the diversity of monomers that readily and efficiently participate in this coupling strategy to enable the development of conjugated polymers with a wide range of properties. Herein, the oxidative direct arylation polymerization toolbox is expanded to include 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene being synthesized via C-H/C-H cross-coupling methodologies. In conjunction with these efforts, the utilization of Buchwald ligands in C-H/C-H cross coupling polymerizations also is reported, and variations in the ligand structure provide insight into the role ligand choice has on C-H cross-coupling polymerizations. Specifically, it is determined that the phosphine functionality affects the rate-determining, concerted metalation-deprotonation step of the catalytic cycle, while bulky isopropyl substituents on the ligand's lower aryl ring promote reductive elimination. By balancing these steric effects on the ancillary ligands, polymers are synthesized to exhibit molecular weights above the effective conjugation length, with recovered yields >90%. In addition to expanding the scope of conjugated polymers accessible via oxidative direct arylation polymerization, these results provide the foundational understanding for utilizing Buchwald-type ligands in C-H-activated polymerizations.
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11
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Leone AK, Mueller EA, McNeil AJ. The History of Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings Should Inspire the Future of Catalyst-Transfer Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15126-15139. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K. Leone
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Emily A. Mueller
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anne J. McNeil
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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12
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Van Den Eede MP, Van Gestel L, Koeckelberghs G. Expression of Chirality in Tailor-Made Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lore Van Gestel
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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13
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Seo KB, Lee IH, Lee J, Choi I, Choi TL. A Rational Design of Highly Controlled Suzuki–Miyaura Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation for Precision Synthesis of Polythiophenes and Their Block Copolymers: Marriage of Palladacycle Precatalysts with MIDA-Boronates. J Am Chem Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Bae Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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14
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Aplan MP, Gomez ED. Recent Developments in Chain-Growth Polymerizations of Conjugated Polymers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa P. Aplan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Enrique D. Gomez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Materials
Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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15
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Bushin SV, Bezrukova MA, Koeckelberghs G, Persoons A, Yakimansky AV. Model of a polymer chain twisted inside a statistical segment. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) in chloroform solutions. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav V Bushin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi prospect 31; St Petersburg Russia
| | - Marina A Bezrukova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi prospect 31; St Petersburg Russia
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Department of Chemistry; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D; Heverlee Belgium
| | - André Persoons
- Department of Chemistry; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D; Heverlee Belgium
| | - Alexander V Yakimansky
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi prospect 31; St Petersburg Russia
- Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies; Mechanics, and Optics, Kronverkskii prospect 49; St Petersburg Russia
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16
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Verheyen L, Leysen P, Van Den Eede MP, Ceunen W, Hardeman T, Koeckelberghs G. Advances in the controlled polymerization of conjugated polymers. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Schroot R, Jäger M, Schubert US. Synthetic approaches towards structurally-defined electrochemically and (photo)redox-active polymer architectures. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:2754-2798. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00811a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This review details synthetic strategies leading to structurally-defined electrochemically and (photo)redox-active polymer architectures,e.g.block, graft and end functionalized (co)polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Schroot
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Michael Jäger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
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18
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Zhang S, Zhang Z, Fu H, Li X, Zhan H, Cheng Y. Synthesis of polyfluorene containing simple functional end group with aryl palladium(II) complexes as initiators. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Steverlynck J, Monnaie F, Warniez E, Lazzaroni R, Leclère P, Koeckelberghs G. Strategies toward Controlling the Topology of Nonlinear Poly(thiophenes). Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joost Steverlynck
- Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Frederic Monnaie
- Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Emeline Warniez
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Philippe Leclère
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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20
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Excellent Control of Perylene Diimide End Group in Polyfluorene via Suzuki Catalyst Transfer Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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21
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Suraru SL, Lee JA, Luscombe CK. Preparation of an Aurylated Alkylthiophene Monomer via C-H Activation for Use in Pd-PEPPSI-iPr Catalyzed-Controlled Chain Growth Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:533-536. [PMID: 35607224 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the search for new synthetic routes toward greener and more facile syntheses of conjugated polymers, C-H functionalization provides a promising solution by minimizing the production and processing of aryl halide monomer precursors used in traditional organometallic coupling reactions. In this paper, we investigate the use of Au(I) and its ability to directly C-H activate 2-bromo-3-hexylthiophene to form a reactive monomer species, bypassing the typical Grignard monomer formation from a dihalogenated thiophene. Addition of Pd-PEPPSI-iPr as a palladium catalyst source in the presence of the resultant aurylated thiophene monomer yielded poly(3-hexylthiophene) as observed by both NMR and GPC. Studies on the growth of these polymers show linear dependence between Mn and monomer conversion, low dispersities, as well as Mn predicted by catalyst loading, which is supportive of a living-type chain growth mechanism. This Au-Pd system represents a novel methodology for incorporating C-H activation into the synthesis of P3HT with control over Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin-Lucian Suraru
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Jason A. Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Christine K. Luscombe
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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22
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Bryan ZJ, Hall AO, Zhao CT, Chen J, McNeil AJ. Limitations of Using Small Molecules to Identify Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation Reactions. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:69-72. [PMID: 35668581 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst-transfer polycondensation (CTP) is a relatively new method for synthesizing conjugated polymers in a chain-growth fashion using transition metal catalysis. Recent research has focused on screening catalysts to broaden the monomer scope. In this effort, small molecule reactions have played an important role. Specifically, when selective difunctionalization occurs, even with limiting quantities of reaction partner, it suggests an associative intermediate similar to CTP. Several new chain-growth polymerizations have been discovered using this approach. We report herein an attempt to use this method to develop chain-growth conditions for synthesizing poly(2,5-bis(hexyloxy)phenylene ethynylene) via Sonogashira cross-coupling. Hundreds of small molecule experiments were performed and selective difunctionalization was observed with a Buchwald-type precatalyst. Unexpectedly, these same reaction conditions led to a step-growth polymerization. Further investigation revealed that the product ratios in the small molecule reactions were dictated by reactivity differences rather than an associative intermediate. The lessons learned from these studies have broad implications on other small molecule reactions being used to identify new catalysts for CTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Bryan
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Ariana O. Hall
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Carolyn T. Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anne J. McNeil
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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23
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Yokozawa T, Ohta Y. Transformation of Step-Growth Polymerization into Living Chain-Growth Polymerization. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1950-68. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department
of Material and
Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department
of Material and
Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
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24
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Hardeman T, Koeckelberghs G. The Synthesis of Poly(thiophene-co-fluorene) Gradient Copolymers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tine Hardeman
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Division of Polymer Chemistry & Materials, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Division of Polymer Chemistry & Materials, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium
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25
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Milner PJ, Yang Y, Buchwald SL. In-Depth Assessment of the Palladium-Catalyzed Fluorination of Five-Membered Heteroaryl Bromides. Organometallics 2015; 34:4775-4780. [PMID: 27056379 PMCID: PMC4820280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A thorough
investigation of the challenging Pd-catalyzed fluorination
of five-membered heteroaryl bromides is presented. Crystallographic
studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that
the challenging step of this transformation is C–F reductive
elimination of five-membered heteroaryl fluorides from Pd(II) complexes.
On the basis of these studies, we have found that various heteroaryl
bromides bearing phenyl groups in the ortho position can be effectively
fluorinated under catalytic conditions. Highly activated 2-bromoazoles,
such as 8-bromocaffeine, are also viable substrates for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Milner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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26
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Yokozawa T, Nanashima Y, Nojima M, Ohta Y. Catalyst-Transfer Condensation Polymerization of Acceptor Aromatic Monomers and of Donor Carbon-Carbon Double Bond-Containing Monomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201400021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Kanagawa University; Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku Yokohama 221-8686 Japan
| | - Yutaka Nanashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Kanagawa University; Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku Yokohama 221-8686 Japan
| | - Masataka Nojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Kanagawa University; Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku Yokohama 221-8686 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Kanagawa University; Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku Yokohama 221-8686 Japan
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27
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Zhang Z, Hu P, Li X, Zhan H, Cheng Y. Investigation of Suzuki-Miyaura catalyst-transfer polycondensation of AB-type fluorene monomer using coordination-saturated aryl Pd(II) halide complexes as initiators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
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28
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Zhang HH, Xing CH, Hu QS, Hong K. Controlled Pd(0)/t-Bu3P-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling Polymerization of AB-Type Monomers with ArPd(t-Bu3P)X or Pd2(dba)3/t-Bu3P/ArX as the Initiator. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502521u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Chun-Hui Xing
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Qiao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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29
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Huo S, Mroz R, Carroll J. Negishi coupling in the synthesis of advanced electronic, optical, electrochemical, and magnetic materials. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00322e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Negishi coupling is an efficient and versatile tool for selective C–C bond formation in the synthesis of organic electronic, optical, electrochemical, and magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouquan Huo
- Department of Chemistry
- East Carolina University
- Greenville
- USA
| | - Robert Mroz
- Department of Chemistry
- East Carolina University
- Greenville
- USA
| | - Jeffrey Carroll
- Department of Chemistry
- East Carolina University
- Greenville
- USA
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30
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Willot P, Koeckelberghs G. Evidence for Catalyst Association in the Catalyst Transfer Polymerization of Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502139n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Willot
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis,
Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis,
Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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31
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Li S, Jiang Y, Chen JZY. Phase transitions in semiflexible-rod diblock copolymers: a self-consistent field theory. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:8932-8944. [PMID: 25299162 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01884b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the phase behavior of semiflexible-rod diblock copolymers in a parameter range where the system displays columnar and lamella structures, using a self-consistent field theory based on the wormlike-chain model. Both Flory-Huggins and Maier-Saupe orientational interactions are incorporated in the formalism, which allows us to explore microphase separation and liquid-crystal ordering simultaneously. Order-to-order phase transitions induced by chain rigidity and orientational interaction are both reported and analyzed. Coupled orientational ordering and spatial inhomogeneity of the four microphase-separated states are discussed in this work: hexagonal column, ellipse column, smectic-A, and smectic-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiben Li
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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32
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33
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Verswyvel M, Steverlynck J, Hadj Mohamed S, Trabelsi M, Champagne B, Koeckelberghs G. All-Conjugated ABC-block-copolymer Formation with a Varying Sequence via an Unassociated Catalyst. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500610p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Verswyvel
- Laboratory
of Polymer Synthesis, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joost Steverlynck
- Laboratory
of Polymer Synthesis, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Slim Hadj Mohamed
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Chemistry, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physico-Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
- Laboratory
of Applied Chemistry: Heterocyclics, Fats and Polymers, Faculty of
Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Trabelsi
- Laboratory
of Applied Chemistry: Heterocyclics, Fats and Polymers, Faculty of
Sciences, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Chemistry, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physico-Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory
of Polymer Synthesis, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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34
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Grisorio R, Mastrorilli P, Suranna GP. A Pd(AcO)2/t-Bu3P/K3PO4 catalytic system for the control of Suzuki cross-coupling polymerisation. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00028e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Kudret S, Van den Brande N, Defour M, Van Mele B, Lutsen L, Vanderzande D, Maes W. Synthesis of ester side chain functionalized all-conjugated diblock copolythiophenes via the Rieke method. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01661g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Willot P, Govaerts S, Koeckelberghs G. The Controlled Polymerization of Poly(cyclopentadithiophene)s and Their All-Conjugated Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401667d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Willot
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Sanne Govaerts
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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37
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Tilly D, Chevallier F, Mongin F, Gros PC. Bimetallic Combinations for Dehalogenative Metalation Involving Organic Compounds. Chem Rev 2013; 114:1207-57. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400367p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Tilly
- Equipe
Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Institut des Sciences Chimiques
de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment
10A, Case 1003, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Floris Chevallier
- Equipe
Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Institut des Sciences Chimiques
de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment
10A, Case 1003, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Florence Mongin
- Equipe
Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Institut des Sciences Chimiques
de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment
10A, Case 1003, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général
Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Philippe C. Gros
- HECRIN, Université de Lorraine, SRSMC UMR 7565, Boulevard
des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- HECRIN, CNRS, SRSMC UMR 7565, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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38
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Verswyvel M, Hoebers C, De Winter J, Gerbaux P, Koeckelberghs G. Study of the controlled chain-growth polymerization of poly(3,6-phenanthrene). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Verswyvel
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Group of Polymer Chemistry & Materials; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Heverlee Leuven Belgium
| | - Charly Hoebers
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Group of Polymer Chemistry & Materials; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Heverlee Leuven Belgium
| | - Julien De Winter
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Mass Spectrometry; University of Mons-UMONS; 23 Place du Parc B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Pascal Gerbaux
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Mass Spectrometry; University of Mons-UMONS; 23 Place du Parc B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Group of Polymer Chemistry & Materials; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Heverlee Leuven Belgium
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39
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Bryan ZJ, McNeil AJ. Conjugated Polymer Synthesis via Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation (CTP): Mechanism, Scope, and Applications. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401314x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Bryan
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anne J. McNeil
- Department
of Chemistry and
Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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40
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Angiolini L, Brazzi A, Salatelli E, Van den Bergh K, Koeckelberghs G. Polythiophene Diblock Copolymer with Different Solvent Affinities of the Side-Chain Substituents: Solvatochromism and Effect on the Electronic Conjugation. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Lee SR, Bloom JWG, Wheeler SE, McNeil AJ. Accelerating Ni(ii) precatalyst initiation using reactive ligands and its impact on chain-growth polymerizations. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4218-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32735j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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42
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Yokozawa T, Ohta Y. Scope of controlled synthesis via chain-growth condensation polymerization: from aromatic polyamides to π-conjugated polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:8281-310. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Willot P, Steverlynck J, Moerman D, Leclère P, Lazzaroni R, Koeckelberghs G. Poly(3-alkylthiophene) with tuneable regioregularity: synthesis and self-assembling properties. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00236e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Verswyvel M, Goossens K, Koeckelberghs G. Amphiphilic chiral block-poly(thiophene)s: tuning the blocks. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00133d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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46
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Senkovskyy V, Tkachov R, Komber H, John A, Sommer JU, Kiriy A. Mechanistic Insight into Catalyst-Transfer Polymerization of Unusual Anion-Radical Naphthalene Diimide Monomers: An Observation of Ni(0) Intermediates. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301797w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Senkovskyy
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Roman Tkachov
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas John
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anton Kiriy
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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47
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Zhang HH, Xing CH, Hu QS. Controlled Pd(0)/t-Bu3P-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling Polymerization of AB-Type Monomers with PhPd(t-Bu3P)I or Pd2(dba)3/t-Bu3P/ArI as the Initiator. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13156-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302745t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island and
the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Chun-Hui Xing
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island and
the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Qiao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Staten Island and
the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
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48
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Palermo EF, McNeil AJ. Impact of Copolymer Sequence on Solid-State Properties for Random, Gradient and Block Copolymers containing Thiophene and Selenophene. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301135n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmund F. Palermo
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular
Science
and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United
States
| | - Anne J. McNeil
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular
Science
and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United
States
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49
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Yokozawa T, Nanashima Y, Ohta Y. Precision Synthesis of n-Type π-Conjugated Polymers in Catalyst-Transfer Condensation Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:862-866. [PMID: 35607117 DOI: 10.1021/mz300277s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization, which proceeds in a chain-growth polymerization manner, have made it possible to synthesize well-defined π-conjugated polymers with controlled molecular weight and low polydispersity, as well as block copolymers and gradient copolymers. However, catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization has been limited to the polymerization of donor monomers (such as thiophene) for the synthesis of p-type π-conjugated polymers. Here, we highlight several recent advances in catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization leading to n-type π-conjugated polymers. The Kumada-Tamao coupling polymerization of Grignard pyridine monomers yields well-defined poly(pyridine-3,5-diyl) and poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) with a broad molecular weight distribution. Monomers consisting of strong acceptor and weak donor moieties also undergo catalyst-transfer polymerization; well-defined poly(fluorene benzothiaziazole) was obtained by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling polymerization and poly(bithiophene naphthalene diimide) was obtained by an unusual Ni-catalyzed coupling polymerization of an anion radical generated from a bromothiophene naphathalene diimide bromothiophene monomer and activated zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama
221-8686, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nanashima
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama
221-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama
221-8686, Japan
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50
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Bryan ZJ, Smith ML, McNeil AJ. Chain-Growth Polymerization of Aryl Grignards Initiated by a Stabilized NHC-Pd Precatalyst. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:842-7. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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