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Liu Y, Chen X, Liu X, Guan W, Lu C. Aggregation-induced emission-active micelles: synthesis, characterization, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1456-1490. [PMID: 36734474 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active micelles are a type of fluorescent functional materials that exhibit enhanced emissions in the aggregated surfactant state. They have received significant interest due to their excellent fluorescence efficiency in the aggregated state, remarkable processability, and solubility. AIE-active micelles can be designed through the self-assembly of amphipathic AIE luminogens (AIEgens) and the encapsulation of non-emissive amphipathic molecules in AIEgens. Currently, a wide range of AIE-active micelles have been constructed, with a significant increase in research interest in this area. A series of advanced techniques has been used to characterize AIE-active micelles, such as cryogenic-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). This review provides an overview of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of AIE-active micelles, especially their applications in cell and in vivo imaging, biological and organic compound sensors, anticancer drugs, gene delivery, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and photocatalytic reactions, with a focus on the most recent developments. Based on the synergistic effect of micelles and AIE, it is anticipated that this review will guide the development of innovative and fascinating AIE-active micelle materials with exciting architectures and functions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xueqian Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Weijiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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Zhou Y, Fan H, Mu Y, Wang R, Ren Q, Pu S. AIEE compounds based on 9, 10-dithienylanthracene-substituted triphenylamine: design, synthesis, and applications in cell imaging. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01126c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four new 9, 10-dithienylanthracene-based triphenylamine derivatives (TPA-DTAs) were designed and synthesized by adjusting the linkage model of phenylacetonitrile group with different substituents. They all displayed aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) features...
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3
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Jerca FA, Jerca VV, Hoogenboom R. In Vitro Assessment of the Hydrolytic Stability of Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline). Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:5020-5032. [PMID: 34753285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPOx) is emerging as a promising, versatile polymer platform to design functional materials and particularly biomaterials that rely on the hydrophilic character of the 2-oxazoline side units. To be able to assess the applicability of PiPOx in a biomedical context, it is essential to understand its stability and degradation behavior in physiological conditions. In the present work, the hydrolytic stability of PiPOx was systematically investigated as a function of pH during incubation in various buffers. PiPOx was found to be stable in deionized water (pH 6.9), to have good stability in basic conditions (pH 8 and 9), to be satisfactorily stable in neutral conditions (pH 7.4), and to have moderate to low stability in acidic conditions (decreases drastically from pH 6 to pH 1.2). At pH 4, PiPOx formed a crosslinked network in a timeframe of hours, while at pH 1.2, PiPOx was transformed to a water-soluble poly(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)methacrylamide) type of structure over the course of 2 weeks. In vitro stability assays were performed in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4), simulated body fluid (SBF) (pH 7.4), simulated saliva (pH 6.4), simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8), and plasma (pH 7.4) revealing that PiPOx is stable in these SBFs up to 1 week of incubation. When incubated in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2), PiPOx exhibited a similar degradation behavior to that observed in the buffer at pH 1.2, rendering a water-soluble structure. The presented results on the stability of PiPOx will be important for future use of PiPOx for the development of drug-delivery systems and biomedical applications, such as hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florica Adriana Jerca
- Centre of Organic Chemistry "Costin D. Nenitzescu", Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei CP 35-108, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentin Victor Jerca
- Centre of Organic Chemistry "Costin D. Nenitzescu", Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei CP 35-108, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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4
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Wang HP, Chen X, Qi YL, Huang LW, Wang CX, Ding D, Xue X. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-guided dynamic assembly for disease imaging and therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114028. [PMID: 34736987 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is inseparable from molecular aggregation and self-assembly. Therefore, the combination of AIE and supramolecular self-assembly is well-matched. AIE-guided dynamic assembly (AGDA) could effectively respond to the endogenous stimuli (such as pH, enzymes, redox molecules) and exogenous stimuli (temperature, light, ultrasound) in the disease microenvironment, so as to achieve specific imaging and diagnosis of the disease lesions. Moreover, AGDA also dynamically adjust the intramolecular motions of AIE molecules, thereby adjusting the energy dissipation pathways and realizing the switch between photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy for superior therapeutic effects. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the constructing strategies, stimuli-responsive imaging, regulation of intramolecular motion of AGDA in recent years, which is expected to grasp the research status and striving directions of AGDA for imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Feng L, Wang H, Xue X. Recent Progress of Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Pharmacy, Nankai University Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 P. R. China
| | - Heping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Pharmacy, Nankai University Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 P. R. China
| | - Xue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of Pharmacy, Nankai University Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 P. R. China
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Zhao Y, Pang B, Chen J, Xiao L, Liu H, Lian W, Sun T, Jiang Y, Lin Q. Polystyrene@poly(ar-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium-co-acrylic acid core/shell pH-responsive nanoparticles for active targeting and imaging of cancer cell based on aggregation induced emission. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:166. [PMID: 32055961 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Doubly charged pH-responsive core/shell hydrogel nanoparticles with green fluorescence were prepared and were shown to be viable bioprobes for active targeting tumor tissue and imaging of cancer cells. Via emulsionfree copolymerization hydrogel nanoparticles as VANPs were prepared, the core of which was polystyrene (Ps) and the shell was comprised of strongly positive electrolyte (ar-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium (VBTAC) with weak negative electrolyte acrylic acid (AA). Through conventional amidation, the shell was conjugated with cell-specific folic acid (FA), denoted as VANPs-FA. Then, negatively charged sulfonated 9,10-distyrylanthracene derivatives (SDSA) based on aggregation induced emission (AIE), was binding tightly to positively charged VBTAC of VANPs-FA shell. The prepared double charged fluorescent core/shell hydrogel nanoparticles abbreviated as VANPs-FS, showed excitation/emission wavelengths at ~420/528 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements were performed to determine the size and surficial zeta potential of VANPs-FS. Under proper ratio of VBTAC to AA, the VANPs-FS was stable (~ 64.63 nm, -20.2 mV) at high pH (> 7), started to aggregate (~ 683.0 nm, -3.2 mV) at pH around 6, and can redispers at low pH (< 5). The MTT analysis proved that VANPs-FS had good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. The targeting effectiveness of VANPs-FS was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Graphical abstract Detailed synthetic route of VANPs-FS (top) and schematic cancer tumor-target aggregation of pH-sensitive VANPs-FS with enhanced retention and rapid cancer cell imaging (bottom).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lizhi Xiao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Hou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Wenhui Lian
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Tianxia Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yingnan Jiang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Quan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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7
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Zhou S, Gu P, Wan H, Zhu Y, Wang A, Shi H, Xu Q, Lu J. TPE-containing amphiphilic block copolymers: synthesis and application in the detection of nitroaromatic pollutants. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01162b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two AIE block copolymers termed P1 and P2 bearing TPE and PEG-based chains were synthesized with moderate molecular weights and narrow PDIs via RAFT polymerization. Both P1 and P2 can be used in the fluorescence detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) and cell images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Peiyang Gu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Haibo Wan
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yutao Zhu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Anna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Haibin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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8
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Wang XC, Zhou SX, Ding L, Zhao YH, Min SX, Dong B, Song B. Controllable Emission via Tuning the Size of Fluorescent Nano-probes Formed by Polymeric Amphiphiles. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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AIEgens-lightened Functional Polymers: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Liu Y, Mao L, Yang S, Liu M, Huang H, Wen Y, Deng F, Li Y, Zhang X, Wei Y. Fabrication and biological imaging of hydrazine hydrate cross-linked AIE-active fluorescent polymeric nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 94:310-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Pawar K, Kutcherlapati SNR, Yeole N, Hundiwale D, Jana T. Vesicular and micellar self-assembly of stimuli-responsive poly( N
-isopropyl acrylamide- b
-9-anthracene methyl methacrylate) amphiphilic diblock copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Pawar
- School of Chemical Sciences; North Maharashtra University; Jalgaon India
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad India
| | | | - Niranjan Yeole
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad India
| | - Dilip Hundiwale
- School of Chemical Sciences; North Maharashtra University; Jalgaon India
| | - Tushar Jana
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad India
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12
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Synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-b-N-vinylcarbazole) copolymers via RAFT polymerization and its stimuli responsive morphology in aqueous media. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Su F, Agarwal S, Pan T, Qiao Y, Zhang L, Shi Z, Kong X, Day K, Chen M, Meldrum D, Kodibagkar VD, Tian Y. Multifunctional PHPMA-Derived Polymer for Ratiometric pH Sensing, Fluorescence Imaging, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:1556-1565. [PMID: 29210559 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report synthesis and characterization of a novel multimodality (MRI/fluorescence) probe for pH sensing and imaging. A multifunctional polymer was derived from poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA) and integrated with a naphthalimide-based-ratiometric fluorescence probe and a gadolinium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid complex (Gd-DOTA complex). The polymer was characterized using UV-vis absorption spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrofluorophotometry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and confocal microscopy for optical and MRI-based pH sensing and cellular imaging. In vitro labeling of macrophage J774 and esophageal CP-A cell lines shows the polymer's ability to be internalized in the cells. The transverse relaxation time (T2) of the polymer was observed to be pH-dependent, whereas the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) was not. The pH probe in the polymer shows a strong fluorescence-based ratiometric pH response with emission window changes, exhibiting blue emission under acidic conditions and green emission under basic conditions, respectively. This study provides new materials with multimodalities for pH sensing and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Su
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shubhangi Agarwal
- School for Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yuan Qiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Zhengwei Shi
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Xiangxing Kong
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Kevin Day
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Deirdre Meldrum
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Vikram D Kodibagkar
- School for Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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14
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Zhan R, Pan Y, Manghnani PN, Liu B. AIE Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Biological Applications. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Yutong Pan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 117585 Singapore
| | - Purnima Naresh Manghnani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 117585 Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 117585 Singapore
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15
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Liu C, Cui Q, Wang J, Liu Y, Chen J. Autofluorescent micelles self-assembled from an AIE-active luminogen containing an intrinsic unconventional fluorophore. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:4295-9. [PMID: 27118217 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm03048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Autofluorescent micelles were constructed via the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules containing an intrinsic fluorophore. The amphiphilic molecule was an AIE-active luminogen without a conventional π-π conjugated structure. In this unconventional luminogenic system, the hydrogen-bonded amide groups were assigned as the emitting sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Qingbao Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
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16
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Yan L, Zhang Y, Xu B, Tian W. Fluorescent nanoparticles based on AIE fluorogens for bioimaging. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2471-2487. [PMID: 26478255 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) have recently attracted increasing attention in the biomedical field because of their unique optical properties, easy fabrication and outstanding performance in imaging. Compared with conventional molecular probes including small organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, FNPs based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorogens have shown significant advantages in tunable emission and brightness, good biocompatibility, superb photo- and physical stability, potential biodegradability and facile surface functionalization. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the development of fluorescent nanoparticles based on AIE fluorogens including polymer nanoparticles and silica nanoparticles over the past few years, and the various biomedical applications based on these fluorescent nanoparticles are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Yan
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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17
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Zhang X, Wang K, Liu M, Zhang X, Tao L, Chen Y, Wei Y. Polymeric AIE-based nanoprobes for biomedical applications: recent advances and perspectives. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:11486-508. [PMID: 26010238 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of polymeric luminescent nanomaterials for biomedical applications has recently attracted a large amount of attention due to the remarkable advantages of these materials compared with small organic dyes and fluorescent inorganic nanomaterials. Among these polymeric luminescent nanomaterials, polymeric luminescent nanomaterials based on dyes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties should be of great research interest due to their unique AIE properties, the designability of polymers and their multifunctional potential. In this review, the recent advances in the design and biomedical applications of polymeric luminescent nanomaterials based on AIE dyes is summarized. Various design strategies for incorporation of these AIE dyes into polymeric systems are included. The potential biomedical applications such as biological imaging, and use in biological sensors and theranostic systems of these polymeric AIE-based nanomaterials have also been highlighted. We trust this review will attract significant interest from scientists from different research fields in chemistry, materials, biology and interdisciplinary areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
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18
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19
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Zhang Y, Chang K, Xu B, Chen J, Yan L, Ma S, Wu C, Tian W. Highly efficient near-infrared organic dots based on novel AEE fluorogen for specific cancer cell imaging. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04669f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared emissive organic dots with a high fluorescence quantum efficiency (AEE dots) are prepared by using an amphiphilic polymer PSMA and a novel small molecule fluorogen (DPPBPA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Kaiwen Chang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Lulin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Suqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- PR China
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20
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Gao M, Wu Y, Chen B, He B, Nie H, Li T, Wu F, Zhou W, Zhou J, Zhao Z. Di(naphthalen-2-yl)-1,2-diphenylethene-based conjugated polymers: aggregation-enhanced emission and explosive detection. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01458a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers with rotatable naphthalen-2-yl pendants show aggregation-enhanced emission characteristics and explosive detection potential.
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21
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Wang L, Fang G, Cao D. Recent Advances of AIE-Active Conjugated Polymers: Synthesis and Application. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.925266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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22
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Gu P, Xu X, Zhou F, Zhao T, Ye G, Liu G, Xu Q, Ge J, Xu Q, Lu J. Study of Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Four Derivatives of Substituted Aryl Hydrazones of 1,8-Naphthalimide. CHINESE J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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24
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Li X, Zhang J, Chen J, Xu B, Fu X, Tian W. Folic acid-functionalized AIE Pdots based on amphiphilic PCL-b-PEG for targeted cell imaging. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00075g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid-functionalized polymer dots with aggregation induced emission features (AIE Pdots), which show high fluorescence efficiency and little toxicity to living cells, which possess a good capability for targeted HeLa intracellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yujue Chen
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- College of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- College of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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25
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Lu H, Zhao X, Tian W, Wang Q, Shi J. Pluronic F127–folic acid encapsulated nanoparticles with aggregation-induced emission characteristics for targeted cellular imaging. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01355g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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26
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Wang Z, Yan L, Zhang L, Chen Y, Li H, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li X, Xu B, Fu X, Sun Z, Tian W. Ultra bright red AIE dots for cytoplasm and nuclear imaging. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00764f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecule, TPA-AN-TPM, with near-infrared emission was synthesized by coating a disc-like red emission fluorophore with a propeller-shaped AIE fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Lulin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- College of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Yujue Chen
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- College of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Jibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- College of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications
- Changchun Institute of Optics
- Fine Mechanics and Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun, P. R. China
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27
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Zhao Y, Wu Y, Yan G, Zhang K. Aggregation-induced emission block copolymers based on ring-opening metathesis polymerization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08191a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIE amphiphilic block copolymers were developed from ROMP for the first time. By self-assembly in selective solvents, water soluble fluorescent nano-objects were prepared with varied structures including micelles and vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guowei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, China
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28
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Hu R, Leung NLC, Tang BZ. AIE macromolecules: syntheses, structures and functionalities. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4494-562. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1080] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive review of macromolecules with aggregation-induced emission attributes is presented, covering the frontiers of syntheses, structures, functionalities and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Hu
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute
- Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
| | - Nelson L. C. Leung
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Division of Biomedical Engineering
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute
- Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
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29
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Li X, Ma K, Zhu S, Yao S, Liu Z, Xu B, Yang B, Tian W. Fluorescent aptasensor based on aggregation-induced emission probe and graphene oxide. Anal Chem 2013; 86:298-303. [PMID: 24299305 DOI: 10.1021/ac403629t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a great variety of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active molecules has been utilized to design bioprobes for label-free fluorescent turn-on aptasensing with high sensitivity. However, due to nonspecific binding interaction between aptamer and AIE probe, these AIE-based aptasensors have nearly no selectivity, thereby significantly limiting the development. In this work, a 9,10-distyrylanthracene with two ammonium groups (DSAI) is synthesized as a novel AIE probe, and the fluorescent aptasensor based on DSAI and graphene oxide (GO) is developed for selective and sensitive sensing of targeted DNA and thrombin protein. Given its AIE property and high selectivity and sensitivity, this aptasensor can be also exploited to detect other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
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30
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Highly sensitive determination of ssDNA and real-time sensing of nuclease activity and inhibition based on the controlled self-assembly of a 9,10-distyrylanthracene probe. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:851-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Ma C, Ling Q, Xu S, Zhu H, Zhang G, Zhou X, Chi Z, Liu S, Zhang Y, Xu J. Preparation of Biocompatible Aggregation-Induced Emission Homopolymeric Nanoparticles for Cell Imaging. Macromol Biosci 2013; 14:235-43. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Ma
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Qingqing Ling
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Shidang Xu
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Hongni Zhu
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ge Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Siwei Liu
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- PCFM Lab, DSAPM Lab; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
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32
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A highly sensitive “turn-on” fluorescent probe for bovine serum albumin protein detection and quantification based on AIE-active distyrylanthracene derivative. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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33
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Chen JI, Wu WC. Fluorescent Polymeric Micelles with Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties for Monitoring the Encapsulation of Doxorubicin. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:623-32. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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34
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Wang Z, Xu B, Zhang L, Zhang J, Ma T, Zhang J, Fu X, Tian W. Folic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanospheres hybridized with AIE luminogens for targeted cancer cell imaging. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:2065-2072. [PMID: 23376958 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33685e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) have been found to be useful as visualization tools for biological sensing, probing, imaging, and monitoring. Applied to targeted cancer cell imaging, FNPs are highly desirable for early stage cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the light emission from most of the FNPs reported is severely limited because of the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect. Herein, we present highly emissive inorganic-organic nanoparticles with core-shell structures for targeted cancer cell imaging. Coated with a folate-functionalized silica shell, 9,10-distyrylanthracene (DSA) fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties served as the fluorescent core, affording folate-functionalized fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FFSNPs) with a high fluorescence quantum yield (up to 20%). The FFSNPs are of small size (diameter ~60 nm), monodispersed, stable in aqueous suspension, and pose little toxicity to living cells and thus can be utilized for targeted HeLa cell imaging. In addition, the FFSNPs are mesoporous and therefore can potentially be used as vehicles for controlled, externally activated release of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
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35
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Lu H, Su F, Mei Q, Tian Y, Tian W, Johnson RH, Meldrum DR. Using fluorine-containing amphiphilic random copolymers to manipulate the quantum yields of aggregation-induced emission fluorophores in aqueous solutions and the use of these polymers for fluorescent bioimaging. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2012; 22:9890-9900. [PMID: 23397360 PMCID: PMC3565462 DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30258f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two new series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore-containing amphiphilic copolymers possessing the segments of a monomeric AIE fluorophore, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MATMA), and/or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) were synthesized. Photophysical properties were investigated using UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence spectrofluorometry. The increases of molar fractions of the hydrophobic AIE fluorophores and/or the trifluoroethyl moieties result in the higher quantum yields of the AIE fluorophores in the polymers. Using 1-mol% of AIE fluorophores with the tuning of molar fractions of TFEMA, 40% quantum yield was achieved, whereas only less than 10% quantum yield was obtained for the polymers without the TFEMA segments. The quantum yield difference indicates the importance of the fluorine segments for getting high quantum yields of the AIE fluorophores. These polymers were explored for fluorescent bioimaging using human brain glioblastoma U87MG and human esophagus premalignant CP-A cell lines. All the polymers are cell permeable and located in the cellular cytoplasma area. Cellular uptake was demonstrated to be through endocytosis, which is time and energy dependent. The polymers are non-cytotoxic to the two cell lines. Because the polymers contain (19)F segments, we studied the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) and spin-spin relaxation time (T2) of these polymers. T1 and T2 are the two important parameters for the evaluations of the capacity of these polymers for further applications in (19)F magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F MRI). Structure influence on T1 and T2, especially for T2, was observed. These new multifunctional materials are the first series of fluorinated polymers with AIE fluorophores for bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Lu
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Fengyu Su
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Qian Mei
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Roger H. Johnson
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Deirdre R. Meldrum
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
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36
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Gu PY, Lu CJ, Ye FL, Ge JF, Xu QF, Hu ZJ, Li NJ, Lu JM. Initiator-lightened polymers: preparation of end-functionalized polymers by ATRP and their intramolecular charge transfer and aggregation-induced emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10234-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35266d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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