1
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Mengerink Y, Philipsen H, Jordens J, Mengerink J, van der Hoeven R, Peters RAH. Sequence distribution determination by
SWAMP‐MS
a systematic way of analyzing multiple fragmented polymers with mass spectrometry. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ynze Mengerink
- ACC DSM Geleen The Netherlands
- Biomedical DSM Geleen The Netherlands
| | - Harry Philipsen
- ACC DSM Geleen The Netherlands
- Engineering Materials DSM Geleen The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Ron A. H. Peters
- Group Innovation Covestro Waalwijk The Netherlands
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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2
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Saller KM, Pernusch DC, Schwarzinger C. MALINTO: A New MALDI Interpretation Tool for Enhanced Peak Assignment and Semiquantitative Studies of Complex Synthetic Polymers. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:293-303. [PMID: 36599090 PMCID: PMC9896554 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The newly developed MALDI interpretation tool ("MALINTO") allows for the accelerated characterization of complex synthetic polymers via MALDI mass spectrometry. While existing software provides solutions for simple polymers like poly(ethylene glycol), polystyrene, etc., they are limited in their application on polycondensates synthesized from two different kinds of monomers (e.g., diacid and diol in polyesters). In addition to such A2 + B2 polycondensates, MALINTO covers branched and even multicyclic polymer systems. Since the MALINTO software works based on input data of monomers/repeating units, end groups, and adducts, it can be applied on polymers whose components are previously known or elucidated. Using these input data, a list with theoretically possible polymer compositions and resulting m/z values is calculated, which is further compared to experimental mass spectrometry data. For optional semiquantitative studies, peak areas are allocated according to their assigned polymer composition to evaluate both comonomer and terminating group ratios. Several tools are implemented to avoid mistakes, for example, during peak assignment. In the present publication, the functions of MALINTO are described in detail and its broad applicability on different linear polymers as well as branched and multicyclic polycondensates is demonstrated. Fellow researchers will benefit from the accelerated peak assignment using the freely available MALINTO software and might be encouraged to explore the potential of MALDI mass spectrometry for (semi)quantitative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara M. Saller
- Institute
for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040Linz, Austria
| | - Daniel C. Pernusch
- Institute
for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens Schwarzinger
- Institute
for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040Linz, Austria
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3
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Gies AP, Zhou Z, Sun L, Szuromi E, Huang T, Krasovskiy A, Mukhopadhyay S, Herceg E, Kobylianskii I, Shi Z, Reyes JCP. Microstructure Characterization of Functionalized Ethylene/Propylene Polyolefins. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Lixin Sun
- Performance and Specialty Plastics R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 240 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Herbert H. Dow Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Endre Szuromi
- Performance and Specialty Plastics R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 240 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Herbert H. Dow Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Tianzi Huang
- Performance and Specialty Plastics R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 240 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Herbert H. Dow Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Arkady Krasovskiy
- Performance and Specialty Plastics R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 240 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Herbert H. Dow Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | | | - Eldad Herceg
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Ilia Kobylianskii
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Zhi Shi
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Jeremy Chris P. Reyes
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
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4
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Gies AP, Zhou Z, Mukhopadhyay S, Kosanovich AJ, Keaton RJ, Auyeung E, Kobylianskii I, Beezer DB, Dau H, Harth E. Analytical Insights into the Microstructures and Reaction Mechanisms of Cationic Pd(II) α-Diimine-Catalyzed Polyolefins. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | | | - Alex J. Kosanovich
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Richard J. Keaton
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Evelyn Auyeung
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 240 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Herbert H. Dow Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Ilia Kobylianskii
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy., Edgar C. Britton Building, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Dain B. Beezer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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5
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Kim D, Do J, Kim K, Kim Y, Lee H, Seo B, Lee W, Jeon HB, Cho HY, Paik HJ. Branch-Controlled ATRP Via Sulfoxide Chemistry. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Juhyuk Do
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yeonji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Bongkuk Seo
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - Wonjoo Lee
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - Heung Bae Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Hong Y. Cho
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyun-jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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6
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Morgan TE, Wootton CA, Marzullo B, Paris J, Kerr A, Ellacott SH, van Agthoven MA, Barrow MP, Bristow AWT, Perrier S, O'Connor PB. Characterization Across a Dispersity: Polymer Mass Spectrometry in the Second Dimension. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2153-2161. [PMID: 34264672 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the natural dispersity that is present in synthetic polymers, an added complexity is always present in the analysis of polymeric species. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis requires the isolation of individual precursors before a fragmentation event to allow the unambiguous characterization of these species and is not viable at certain levels of complexity due to achievable isolation widths. Two-dimensional mass spectrometry (2DMS) fragments ions and correlates fragments with their corresponding precursors without the need for isolation. In this study, 2DMS electron capture dissociation (ECD) fragmentation of a polyoxazoline and polyacrylamide species was carried out, resulting in the analysis of byproducts and individual polymer species without the use of chromatographic techniques. This study shows that 2DMS ECD is a powerful tool for the analysis of polyacrylamide and polyoxazoline species and offers a new dimension in the characterization of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomos E Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Wootton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Marzullo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Paris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Sean H Ellacott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Maria A van Agthoven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony W T Bristow
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter B O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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7
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Danielsen SPO, Beech HK, Wang S, El-Zaatari BM, Wang X, Sapir L, Ouchi T, Wang Z, Johnson PN, Hu Y, Lundberg DJ, Stoychev G, Craig SL, Johnson JA, Kalow JA, Olsen BD, Rubinstein M. Molecular Characterization of Polymer Networks. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5042-5092. [PMID: 33792299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymer networks are complex systems consisting of molecular components. Whereas the properties of the individual components are typically well understood by most chemists, translating that chemical insight into polymer networks themselves is limited by the statistical and poorly defined nature of network structures. As a result, it is challenging, if not currently impossible, to extrapolate from the molecular behavior of components to the full range of performance and properties of the entire polymer network. Polymer networks therefore present an unrealized, important, and interdisciplinary opportunity to exert molecular-level, chemical control on material macroscopic properties. A barrier to sophisticated molecular approaches to polymer networks is that the techniques for characterizing the molecular structure of networks are often unfamiliar to many scientists. Here, we present a critical overview of the current characterization techniques available to understand the relation between the molecular properties and the resulting performance and behavior of polymer networks, in the absence of added fillers. We highlight the methods available to characterize the chemistry and molecular-level properties of individual polymer strands and junctions, the gelation process by which strands form networks, the structure of the resulting network, and the dynamics and mechanics of the final material. The purpose is not to serve as a detailed manual for conducting these measurements but rather to unify the underlying principles, point out remaining challenges, and provide a concise overview by which chemists can plan characterization strategies that suit their research objectives. Because polymer networks cannot often be sufficiently characterized with a single method, strategic combinations of multiple techniques are typically required for their molecular characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P O Danielsen
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Haley K Beech
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Bassil M El-Zaatari
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | | | - Zi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Patricia N Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yixin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - David J Lundberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Georgi Stoychev
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,World Primer Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
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8
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Gies AP, Hefner RE, Rau NJ, Mukhopadhyay S, Reyes JCP, Herceg E. Characterization of microstructures and reaction mechanisms of Tröger's base polymers of intrinsic microporosity. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 2:e8713. [PMID: 31887235 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Tröger's base polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are receiving increasing attention for applications such as polymer molecular sieve membranes. Development of novel membrane materials requires microstructure analysis in order to overcome processing and applications challenges. This study aims to address these challenges and overcome some of the solubility/aggregation issues that hinder the analysis of these materials. METHODS A combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and collision-induced dissociation was used to examine the reaction products of unfunctionalized Tröger's base PIMs. RESULTS Enhanced data mining, using ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry and statistical analysis, yielded a wealth of information on the molecular mass, chemical connectivity, and end groups of species generated during synthesis. Modifications of interest include N-methyl, N-methanimine, N-formyl, and N-methylol end-capping moieties, as well as incomplete backbone methanodiazocine rings with missing bridging methylene linkages. Most importantly, a general fragmentation mechanism, supported by computational modeling, was developed to assist in the rapid identification of main-chain and end-group modifications in Tröger's base PIMs. CONCLUSIONS Unfunctionalized Tröger's base polymers were selected as a model system, to thoroughly study their end-group modification chemistry. This model system could then be used to gain insights into complex hydroxy-functional PIM materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Gies
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Robert E Hefner
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Nathan J Rau
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Sukrit Mukhopadhyay
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Jeremy Chris P Reyes
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Eldad Herceg
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
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9
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Morgan TE, Ellacott SH, Wootton CA, Barrow MP, Bristow AWT, Perrier S, O’Connor PB. Coupling Electron Capture Dissociation and the Modified Kendrick Mass Defect for Sequencing of a Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Polymer. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11710-11715. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomos E. Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Sean H. Ellacott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | | | - Mark P. Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | | | - Sebastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Peter B. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
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10
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Steinkoenig J, de Jongh PAJM, Haddleton DM, Goldmann AS, Barner-Kowollik C, Kempe K. Unraveling the Spontaneous Zwitterionic Copolymerization Mechanism of Cyclic Imino Ethers and Acrylic Acid. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Steinkoenig
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., QLD
4000, Brisbane, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - David M. Haddleton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anja S. Goldmann
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., QLD
4000, Brisbane, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., QLD
4000, Brisbane, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Kristian Kempe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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11
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Gies AP, Kuhlman RL, Zuccaccia C, Macchioni A, Keaton RJ. Mass Spectrometric Mechanistic Investigation of Ligand Modification in Hafnocene-Catalyzed Olefin Polymerization. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Roger L. Kuhlman
- Univation Technologies, LLC, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Richard J. Keaton
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 North Brazosport Boulevard, B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
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12
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Atmospheric pressure photo-ionization mass spectrometry for the detection of labile end groups in poly(styrene). Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Gies AP, Spencer L, Rau NJ, Boopalachandran P, Rickard MA, Kearns KL, McDougal NT. Thermally Induced Cross-Linking and Degradation Reactions of Benzocyclobutene-Based Polymers. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Liam Spencer
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Nathan J. Rau
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Praveenkumar Boopalachandran
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Mark A. Rickard
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Kenneth L. Kearns
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Nolan T. McDougal
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
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14
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Yildirim I, Sungur P, Crecelius-Vitz AC, Yildirim T, Kalden D, Hoeppener S, Westerhausen M, Weber C, Schubert US. One-pot synthesis of PLA-b-PHEA via sequential ROP and RAFT polymerizations. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01176h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A block copolymer library of polylactide and poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) was prepared via sequential ring opening polymerization and RAFT polymerization in a one-pot approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Yildirim
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Pelin Sungur
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Anna C. Crecelius-Vitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Turgay Yildirim
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Diana Kalden
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Christine Weber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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15
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Polymer architectures via mass spectrometry and hyphenated techniques: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 932:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Sugimura N, Igarashi Y, Aoyama R, Toshimichi S. Representation of the coverage of mass spectrometry ionization methods in two-dimensional plots of molecular weight and polarity or dipole moment. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2016; 51:583-585. [PMID: 28239965 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuhiko Sugimura
- Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yoko Igarashi
- Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Reiko Aoyama
- Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Shibue Toshimichi
- Materials Characterization Central Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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17
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Gies AP, Stefanov Z, Rau NJ, Chakraborty D, Boopalachandran P, Chauvel JP. Iron(III)-Catalyzed Chain Growth Reactions of Polymeric Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Zdravko Stefanov
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Nathan J. Rau
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Debashis Chakraborty
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Praveenkumar Boopalachandran
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - J. Paul Chauvel
- Department of Core R&D Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 N. Brazosport Blvd., B-1820, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
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18
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Chang HY, Huang MF, Hsu CL, Huang CC, Chang HT. Analyses of functional polymer-modified nanoparticles for protein sensing by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry coupled with HgTe nanomatrices. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:157-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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“Polymeromics”: Mass spectrometry based strategies in polymer science toward complete sequencing approaches: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 808:56-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Zaikin VG, Borisov RS, Polovkov NY, Zhilyaev DI, Vinogradov AA, Ivanyuk AV. Characterization of low-molecular weight iodine-terminated polyethylenes by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry with the use of derivatization. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2013; 19:163-173. [PMID: 24308197 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry, in conjunction with various derivatization approaches, have been applied to structure determination of individual oligomers and molecular-mass distributions (MMD) in low-molecular mass polyethylene having an iodine terminus. Direct GC/MS analysis has shown that the samples under investigation composed of polyethyelene-iodides (major components) and n-alkanes. Exchange reaction with methanol in the presence of NaOH gave rise to methoxy-derivatives and n-alkenes. Electron ionization mass spectra have shown that the former contained terminal methoxy groups indicating the terminal position of the iodine atom in the initial oligomers. MMD parameters have been determined with the aid of MALDI mass spectrometry followed by preliminary derivatization-formation of covalently bonded charge through the reaction of iodides with triphenylphosphine, trialkylamines, pyridine or quinoline. The mass spectra revealed well-resolved peaks for cationic parts of derivatized oligomers allowing the determination of MMD. The latter values have been compared with those calculated from GC/MS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir G Zaikin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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