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Władyczyn A, John Ł. Silsesquioxane Cages under Solvent Regimen: The Influence of the Solvent on the Hydrolysis and Condensation of Alkoxysilane. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9145-9155. [PMID: 38717973 PMCID: PMC11110017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the formation mechanisms of oligomeric phenyl silanols, focusing on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) derivatives. Combining literature reports and crystal structures of solvated derivatives obtained in our laboratory, we show that the solvent choice significantly influences their structures. POSS-based silanols prefer aprotic solvents like THF, preserving dimerization, while double-deckers form stable architectures in protic solvents like isopropanol. This discrepancy arises from different stabilization mechanisms. Our findings enhance our understanding of hydrolytic condensation involving trimethoxyphenylsilane and suggest aprotic solvents for efficient reactions with POSS-based silanols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Władyczyn
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz John
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Białek M, Czaja K. Application of Silsesquioxanes in the Preparation of Polyolefin-Based Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1876. [PMID: 36902992 PMCID: PMC10004241 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper is a review of studies on the use of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) of various structures in the synthesis of polyolefins and the modification of their properties, namely: (1) components of organometallic catalytic systems for the polymerization of olefins, (2) comonomers in the copolymerization with ethylene, and (3) fillers in composites based on polyolefins. In addition, studies on the use of new silicon compounds, i.e., siloxane-silsesquioxane resins, as fillers for composites based on polyolefins are presented. The authors dedicate this paper to Professor Bogdan Marciniec on the occasion of his jubilee.
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2,6-Bis(1-butyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine-capped poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)s: synthesis, complexation with metal ions, and self-assembly behavior. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu Y, Kigure M, Koizumi K, Takeda N, Unno M, Ouali A. Synthesis of Tetrachloro, Tetraiodo, and Tetraazido Double-Decker Siloxanes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15478-15486. [PMID: 33026805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A convenient and scalable (gram-scale) route to unprecedented T8D2-double-decker siloxanes (DDSQs) bearing four chloro (3b) or four azido (5b) groups is reported. Both compounds were characterized and proved to undergo successful nucleophilic substitution for 3b (with iodide or azide) and copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition for 5b. All of these transformations occurred under mild conditions, and the corresponding DDSQs were prepared in very high yields. Beyond the enhanced multivalency as compared to the previously described disubstituted D2T8 structures, the reported tetrafunctional DDSQs are formed as a single isomer and readily isolated in very high yields. Moreover, the tetra-azido DDSQ 5b constitutes a multipurpose nanobuilding block for the further preparation of new inorganic-organic hybrid materials where the covalent incorporation of a DDSQ moiety brings valuable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR)-International Open Laboratory with Institute Charles Gerhardt, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Mana Kigure
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Kyoka Koizumi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takeda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masafumi Unno
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR)-International Open Laboratory with Institute Charles Gerhardt, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Armelle Ouali
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR)-International Open Laboratory with Institute Charles Gerhardt, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.,Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
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Zhao B, Mei H, Liu N, Zheng S. Organic–Inorganic Polycyclooctadienes with Double-Decker Silsesquioxanes in the Main Chains: Synthesis, Self-Healing, and Shape Memory Properties Regulated with Quadruple Hydrogen Bonds. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sixun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Kunthom R, Adachi T, Liu Y, Takeda N, Unno M, Tanaka R. Synthesis of a "Butterfly Cage" Based on a Double-Decker Silsesquioxane. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4179-4182. [PMID: 31691478 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel polyhedral structures were prepared with a butterfly-shape composed of oligosiloxane wings and a double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) body. The compounds were synthesized in two steps from commercially available alkoxysilanes, and their structures were confirmed using spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography. Not like other phenyl-substituted cage silsesquioxanes, these butterfly cages show very good solubility in common organic solvents. The crystal structures clearly showed their unique features: a larger space with longer siloxane chains and a very flexible framework. Moreover, these compounds are thermally stable with a Td5 (5 % weight loss temperature) over 320 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungthip Kunthom
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, 376-8515, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takuto Adachi
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry Group, Sagami Chemical Research Institute, Ayase, 252-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yujia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, 376-8515, Gunma, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takeda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, 376-8515, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masafumi Unno
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, 376-8515, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ryoji Tanaka
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry Group, Sagami Chemical Research Institute, Ayase, 252-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
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Liu Y, Takeda N, Ouali A, Unno M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization of Tetrafunctional Double-Decker Siloxanes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:4093-4098. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Armelle Ouali
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
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Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-capped poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) amphiphiles: synthesis, self-assembly, and use as porogen of nanoporous poly(vinylidene fluoride). Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Synthesis and structural characterization of ethylene copolymers containing double-decker silsesquioxane as pendant groups and cross-linkage sites by coordinative copolymerization. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Multi-Alkenylsilsesquioxanes as Comonomers and Active Species Modifiers of Metallocene Catalyst in Copolymerization with Ethylene. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020223. [PMID: 30966258 PMCID: PMC6415135 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The copolymers of ethylene (E) with open-caged iso-butyl-substituted tri-alkenyl-silsesquioxanes (POSS-6-3 and POSS-10-3) and phenyl-substituted tetra-alkenyl-silsesquioxane (POSS-10-4) were synthesized by copolymerization over the ansa-metallocene catalyst. The influence of the kind of silsesquioxane and of the copolymerization conditions on the reaction performance and on the properties of the copolymers was studied. In the case of copolymerization of E/POSS-6-3, the positive comonomer effect was observed, which was associated with the influence of POSS-6-3 on transformation of the bimetallic ion pair to the active catalytic species. Functionality of silsesquioxanes and polymerization parameters affected the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) contents in the copolymers which varied in the range of 1.33–7.43 wt %. Tri-alkenyl-silsesquioxanes were incorporated into the polymer chain as pendant groups while the tetra-alkenyl-silsesquioxane derivative could act as a cross-linking agent which was proved by the changes in the contents of unsaturated end groups, by the glass transition temperature values, and by the gel contents (up to 81.3% for E/POSS-10-4). Incorporation of multi-alkenyl-POSS into the polymer chain affected also the melting and crystallization behaviors.
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