1
|
Kang N, Yang S, Xiong X, Han A, Ren R, Wang J. The Performance and Synthesis of Alkynyl-Functionalized Benzoxazine Containing Phthalide Side Groups and Cyano Groups with Different Molecular Weights. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3478. [PMID: 37631535 PMCID: PMC10459290 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzoxazine resins are widely employed in a variety of applications due to their exceptional heat resistance and treatment properties. However, traditional benzoxazine resins still confront hurdles in today's engineering applications, such as their inability to provide long-term service in high-temperature settings and their inadequate toughness. In this study, four alkyne-functionalized benzoxazines with phthalide side groups and cyano groups of varying molecular weights were produced. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) were used to characterize the resin structure, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate the thermal curing kinetics at different warming rates. The apparent activation energy was 116.9 kJ/mol. In-situ FT-IR was used to investigate the cure mechanism. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to evaluate the gelation time of BOZ series resins at various temperatures, and the curing process was designed by combining the results with DSC. The Tg of the composites made using BOZ-1N21 as the matrix was 336 °C, which was much higher than the Tg of the BP-a resin made with aniline, phenolphthalein, and formaldehyde (Tg = 251 °C). As a result, the resin system is expected to be employed in applications requiring high-temperature resistance and toughness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nianjun Kang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Manufacturing Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (N.K.); (S.Y.); (A.H.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Shuai Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Manufacturing Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (N.K.); (S.Y.); (A.H.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Xuhai Xiong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Manufacturing Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (N.K.); (S.Y.); (A.H.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Anchang Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Manufacturing Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (N.K.); (S.Y.); (A.H.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Rong Ren
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Manufacturing Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (N.K.); (S.Y.); (A.H.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites Manufacturing Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (N.K.); (S.Y.); (A.H.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Modified Polybenzoxazine and Carbon Fiber Surface with Improved Mechanical Properties by Introducing Hydrogen Bonds. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
3
|
Design and synthesis of some new 6-bromo-2-(pyridin-3-yl)-4-substituted quinazolines as multi tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106099. [PMID: 35994884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study involves design and synthesis of five series of 6-bromo-2-(pyridin-3-yl)-4-substituted quinazolines 9a-l, 11a-e, 13a-c, 14a-f and 15a-e. Candidates 9a-l and 11a-e were evaluated for their EGFR and HER2 inhibitory activity compared to Lapatinib. Compounds 9b, 9d, 9f, 11b and 11c were further screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity against two human breast cancer cell lines: AU-565 and MDA-MB-231 in addition to normal breast cell line MCF10A. Compound 9d revealed a remarkable cytotoxic efficacy against AU-565 cell line (IC50 = 1.54 µM) relative to Lapatinib (IC50 = 0.48 µM), whereas compounds 9d and 11c showed a superior cytotoxicity towards MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 2.67 and 1.75 µM, respectively) in comparison to Lapatinib (IC50 = 9.29 µM). Moreover, compounds 13a-c, 13a-c, 14a-f and 15a-e were tested for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity compared to Sorafenib. Compounds 13a, 14c and 14e exhibited remarkable inhibition (IC50 = 79.80, 50.22 and 78.02 nM, respectively) relative to Sorafenib (IC50 = 51.87 nM). In vitro cytotoxicity of these compounds against HepG2, HCT-116 and normal cell (WISH) revealed a superior cytotoxicity against HepG2, HCT-116 especially 13a (IC50 = 17.51 and 5.56 µM, respectively) and 14c (IC50 = 10.40 and 3.37 µM, respectively) compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 19.33 and 6.82 µM, respectively). Compounds 9d, 11c and 14c were subjected to cell cycle analysis and apoptotic assay. Molecular docking and ADME prediction studies were fulfilled to illustrate the interaction of the potent derivatives with the hot spots of the active site of EGFR, HER2 and VEGFR-2 along with prediction of their pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhen M, Zhen H, Zuo X, Wu Z, Li Z, Liu Y, Run M. Synthesis, ring-opening polymerization, and properties of benzoxazines based on o- and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohols. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two series of bifunctional benzoxazines were synthesized from o- and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohols ( oHBA and pHBA), three aliphatic diamines containing ether linkage (Jeffamines D230 and D400 and 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine (TTDDA)), and paraformaldehyde. The chemical structures of the benzoxazines were confirmed by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The ring-opening polymerization of the benzoxazines was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and FTIR, respectively. oHBA-based benzoxazines respectively exhibit lower onset temperatures of ring-opening polymerization than pHBA-based counterparts due to the O–H∙∙∙O intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction between the hydrogen of ortho-methylol group and the oxygen in oxazine ring, and oHBA-based polybenzoxazines respectively show lower glass transition temperatures ( Tgs) than pHBA-based counterparts due to the difference in crosslinking density caused by the steric hindrance effect of the position of methylol group on the polymerization of benzoxazine monomers. In each of the two series of benzoxazines, the onset temperature of ring-opening polymerization of D230-based benzoxazine is close to that of TTDDA-based analogue and lower than that of D400-based counterpart owing to the steric effect of the chain length and chain volume of the bridging structure between the oxazine rings on the polymerization, and the Tg of D230-based polybenzoxazine is close to that of TTDDA-based analogue and much higher than that of D400-based counterpart owing to the difference in crosslinking density caused by the steric hindrance effect of the bridging structure on the polymerization of benzoxazine monomers. In addition, all the polybenzoxazines exhibit thermally induced shape memory effect. In each of the two series of polybenzoxazines, the shape recovery rate and ratio of D400-based polybenzoxazine are respectively close to those of D230-based counterpart and higher than those of TTDDA-based analogue due to the difference in network architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Zhen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hecheng Zhen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoting Zuo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zeyun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhiyun Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Mingtao Run
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mukherjee S, Amarnath N, Ramkumar M, Lochab B. Catechin and Furfurylamine derived Biobased Benzoxazine with Latent‐Catalyst Effect. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mukherjee
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry School of Natural Sciences Shiv Nadar University Gautam Buddha Nagar Uttar Pradesh 201314 India
| | - Nagarjuna Amarnath
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry School of Natural Sciences Shiv Nadar University Gautam Buddha Nagar Uttar Pradesh 201314 India
| | - Malavika Ramkumar
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry School of Natural Sciences Shiv Nadar University Gautam Buddha Nagar Uttar Pradesh 201314 India
| | - Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry School of Natural Sciences Shiv Nadar University Gautam Buddha Nagar Uttar Pradesh 201314 India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu J, Cao L, Dai J, Peng Y, Liu X. A deep insight into polybenzoxazole formation in the heterocycle-containing polybenzoxazine: An enlightening thought for smarter precursor design. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
7
|
Machado I, Hsieh I, Calado V, Chapin T, Ishida H. Nacre-Mimetic Green Flame Retardant: Ultra-High Nanofiller Content, Thin Nanocomposite as an Effective Flame Retardant. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2351. [PMID: 33066458 PMCID: PMC7602158 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A nacre-mimetic brick-and-mortar structure was used to develop a new flame-retardant technology. A second biomimetic approach was utilized to develop a non-flammable elastomeric benzoxazine for use as a polymer matrix that effectively adheres to the hydrophilic laponite nanofiller. A combination of laponite and benzoxazine is used to apply an ultra-high nanofiller content, thin nanocomposite coating on a polyurethane foam. The technology used is made environmentally friendly by eliminating the need to add any undesirable flame retardants, such as phosphorus additives or halogenated compounds. The very-thin coating on the polyurethane foam (PUF) is obtained through a single dip-coating. The structure of the polymer has been confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The flammability of the polymer and nanocomposite was evaluated by heat release capacity using microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC). A material with heat release capacity (HRC) lower than 100 J/Kg is considered non-ignitable. The nanocomposite developed exhibits HRC of 22 J/Kg, which is well within the classification of a non-ignitable material. The cone calorimeter test was also used to investigate the flame retardancy of the nanocomposite's thin film on polyurethane foam. This test confirms that the second peak of the heat release rate (HRR) decreased 62% or completely disappeared for the coated PUF with different loadings. Compression tests show an increase in the modulus of the PUF by 88% for the 4 wt% coating concentration. Upon repeated modulus tests, the rigidity decreases, approaching the modulus of the uncoated PUF. However, the effect of this repeated mechanical loading does not significantly affect the flame retarding performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irlaine Machado
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-7202, USA;
| | - Isabel Hsieh
- Hathaway Brown School, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA;
| | - Veronica Calado
- School of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Horácio Macedo 2030, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Thomas Chapin
- Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL), 2500 Dundee Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062S, USA;
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-7202, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Curing behaviors and properties of epoxy resins with para-hexatomic ring blocks: Excellent comprehensive performances of tetrafluorophenyl. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
9
|
Nalakathu Kolanadiyil S, Minami M, Endo T. Implementation of meta-Positioning in Tetrafunctional Benzoxazines: Synthesis, Properties, and Differences in the Polymerized Structure. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaki Minami
- Specialty Chemical & Material Company, JXTG Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation, 8 Chidori, Yokohama 231-0815, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kindai University, 11-6 Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8555, Japan
- Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Y, Peng Y, Luo J, Liu J, Liu X. Investigation on the Effects of Bridging Groups in Aromatic Diphenol-Based Benzoxazines: Curing Reaction and H Bonds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Engineering Research Center for Materials Protection of Wear and Corrosion of Guizhou Province, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Yunyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Engineering Research Center for Materials Protection of Wear and Corrosion of Guizhou Province, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Jingkai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang T, Bonnaud L, Raquez JM, Poorteman M, Olivier M, Dubois P. Cerium Salts: An Efficient Curing Catalyst for Benzoxazine Based Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E415. [PMID: 32054083 PMCID: PMC7077719 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of three different cerium salts (Ce(NO3)3.6H2O, CeCl3.7H2O and Ce(OOCCH3)3.5H2O) on the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of a model diamine-based benzoxazine (4EP-pPDA) was investigated. With the incorporation of the cerium salts, the curing temperature of 4EP-pPDA is reduced substantially, and the glass transition temperatures of the resulting networks are increased significantly. The three cerium salts exhibit different catalytic activities, which were analyzed by FT-IR, NMR, and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). Ce(NO3)3.6H2O was found to exhibit the best catalytic effect, which seems to be related to its better dispersibility within 4EP-pPDA benzoxazine precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Materia Nova Research Center & University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.Z.); (J.-M.R.); (P.D.)
- Department of Visual Communication Design, School of Art & Design, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Leïla Bonnaud
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Materia Nova Research Center & University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.Z.); (J.-M.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Jean-Marie Raquez
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Materia Nova Research Center & University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.Z.); (J.-M.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Marc Poorteman
- Department of Materials Science, Materials Engineering Research Center (CRIM), University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.P.); (M.O.)
| | - Marjorie Olivier
- Department of Materials Science, Materials Engineering Research Center (CRIM), University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.P.); (M.O.)
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Materia Nova Research Center & University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.Z.); (J.-M.R.); (P.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lyu Y, Rachita E, Pogharian N, Froimowicz P, Ishida H. Electronic effects of asymmetric and meta-alkoxy substituents on the polymerization behavior of bis-benzoxazines. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01641d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Three isomers of benzoxazine monomers based on m-alkoxyphenol and 4,4′-methylenedianiline were synthesized and successfully isolated by column chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Lyu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
- Research Center of Petroleum Processing
| | - Eric Rachita
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - Nicholas Pogharian
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - Pablo Froimowicz
- Design and Chemistry of Macromolecules Group
- Institute of Technology in Polymers and Nanotechnology (ITPN)
- UBA-CONICET
- FIUBA
- FADU
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mora AS, Tayouo R, Boutevin B, David G, Caillol S. A perspective approach on the amine reactivity and the hydrogen bonds effect on epoxy-amine systems. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
14
|
Zhen H, Yang H, Wang M, Lu G, Liu Y, Run M. Cyclo-oligomerization of hydroxyl-containing mono-functional benzoxazines: a mechanism for oligomer formation. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00047g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The oligomerization of mono-functional benzoxazines is demonstrated with intermolecular cyclization via a Mannich bridge structure as the primary reaction pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hecheng Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Huiyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Guosheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Mingtao Run
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu J, Cao L, Dai J, Xia D, Peng Y, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu X. Regulating the performance of polybenzoxazine via the regiochemistry of amide substituents. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
16
|
Zhang S, Ran Q, Fu Q, Gu Y. Thermal responsiveness of hydrogen bonding and dielectric property of polybenzoxazines with different Mannich bridge structures. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Zhang K, Liu Y, Shang Z, Evans CJ, Yang S. Effects of End-Caps on the Atropisomerization, Polymerization, and the Thermal Properties of ortho-Imide Functional Benzoxazines. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E399. [PMID: 30960382 PMCID: PMC6473311 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of atropisomerism has recently been discovered in 1,3-benzoxazines, where the intramolecular repulsion between negatively charged oxygen atoms on the imide and the oxazine ring hinders the rotation about the C⁻N bond. The imide group offers a high degree of flexibility for functionalization, allowing a variety of functional groups to be attached, and producing different types of end-caps. In this work, the effects of end-caps on the atropisomerism, thermally activated polymerization of ortho-imide functional benzoxazines, and the associated properties of polybenzoxazines have been systematically investigated. Several end-caps, with different electronic characteristics and rigidities, were designed. ¹H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to obtain structural information, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were also performed to study the thermally activated polymerization process of benzoxazine monomers. We demonstrated that the atropisomerization can be switched on/off by the manipulation of the steric structure of the end-caps, and polymerization behaviors can be well-controlled by the electronic properties of the end-caps. Moreover, a trade-off effect were found between the thermal properties and the rigidity of the end-caps in polybenzoxazines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhang
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Zhikun Shang
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Corey J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Shengfu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Iguchi D, Ohashi S, Abarro GJE, Yin X, Winroth S, Scott C, Gleydura M, Jin L, Kanagasegar N, Lo C, Arza CR, Froimowicz P, Ishida H. Development of Hydrogen-Rich Benzoxazine Resins with Low Polymerization Temperature for Space Radiation Shielding. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11569-11581. [PMID: 31459257 PMCID: PMC6644943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study has been carried out to develop a material with significant protection properties from galactic cosmic radiation and solar energetic particles. The research focused on the development of hydrogen-rich benzoxazines, which are particularly effective for shielding against such radiation. Newly developed benzoxazine resin can be polymerized at 120 °C, which meets the low-temperature processing requirements for use with ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber, a hydrogen-rich composite reinforcement. This highly reactive benzoxazine resin also exhibits low viscosity and good shelf-life. The structure of the benzoxazine monomer is confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polymerization behavior and thermal properties are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Dynamic mechanical analysis is used to study chemorheological properties of the benzoxazine monomer, rheological properties of the cross-linked polybenzoxazine, and rheological properties of UHMWPE-reinforced polybenzoxazine composites. The theoretical radiation shielding capability of the composite is also evaluated using computer-based simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iguchi
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Seishi Ohashi
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Ghizelle J. E. Abarro
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
- University
of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, The
Philippines
| | - Xianze Yin
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan
Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Scott Winroth
- Material
Answers LLC, 66 Buckskin
Drive, Weston, Massachusetts 02493, United States
| | - Chris Scott
- Material
Answers LLC, 66 Buckskin
Drive, Weston, Massachusetts 02493, United States
| | - Molly Gleydura
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
- Hathaway
Brown School, Shaker Heights, Ohio 44122, United States
| | - Lin Jin
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Nithya Kanagasegar
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Cherie Lo
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Carlos Rodriguez Arza
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Pablo Froimowicz
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
- Design and
Chemistry of Macromolecules Group, Institute of Technology in Polymers
and Nanotechnology (ITPN), UBA-CONICET, FIUBA, FADU, University of Buenos Aires, Pabellón III, subsuelo, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Yin R, Yu X, Zhang K. Modification of Solventless-Synthesized Benzoxazine Resin by Phthalonitrile Group: An Effective Approach for Enhancing Thermal Stability of Polybenzoxazines. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 P. R. China
| | - Ren Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 P. R. China
| | - Xinye Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 P. R. China
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang K, Shang Z, Wang J, Wu S, Zhu M, Li S. Smart synthesis of silver nanoparticles supported in porous polybenzoxazine nanocomposites via a main-chain type benzoxazine resin. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
21
|
Zhang K, Han L, Froimowicz P, Ishida H. Synthesis, polymerization kinetics and thermal properties of para-methylol functional benzoxazine. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
22
|
Shen X, Cao L, Liu Y, Dai J, Liu X, Zhu J, Du S. How Does the Hydrogen Bonding Interaction Influence the Properties of Polybenzoxazine? An Experimental Study Combined with Computer Simulation. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Shen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinyue Dai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Du
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang K, Liu Y, Wang Y, Sun L. A high performance polybenzoxazine via smart ortho-norbornene functional benzoxazine monomer based on ring-opening metathesis polymerization. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318780995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monofunctional benzoxazine with ortho-norbornene functionality ( oHPNI-a) has been synthesized via Mannich condensation. The benzoxazine monomer containing norbornene group can be polymerized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to form a side-chain benzoxazine functionalized polynorbornene (poly( oHPNI-a)side) with number-average molecular weight 3840 and weight-average molecular weight 7290. The structures of synthesized monomer and side-chain functionalized linear polymer have been confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The further thermal curing polymerization mechanisms of poly( oHPNI-a)side are monitored by in situ FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Activation energy of polymerization for poly( oHPNI-a)side is also studied by DSC. The polybenzoxazine obtained by ROMP and further thermally activated ring-opening polymerization exhibits much higher thermal stability than the polybenzoxazine directly formed by traditional thermal curing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao Z, Lou Y, Dai Z, Fu F, Liu X. Biobased Composites Prepared Using an Environmentally Friendly Water-Slurry Methodology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yongjian Lou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zenghui Dai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Feiya Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang K, Han L, Nie Y, Szigeti ML, Ishida H. Examining the effect of hydroxyl groups on the thermal properties of polybenzoxazines: using molecular design and Monte Carlo simulation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:18038-18050. [PMID: 35542113 PMCID: PMC9080532 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of methylol and phenolic hydroxyl on the thermal properties of polybenzoxazines has been studied using two monofunctional benzoxazine monomers synthesized from para methylol-/ethyl- phenol, aniline and paraformaldehyde. The chemical structures of the synthesized monomers are confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Polymerizations are monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The glass transition temperature (T g) of each polybenzoxazine is measured by DSC as well as dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), indicating the greatly increased T g via incorporation of methylol functionality into benzoxazine moiety. Monte Carlo simulations are also applied to further investigate the underlying structure-property relationship between intermolecular hydrogen-bonding network originating from different types of hydroxyl groups and thermal properties of polybenzoxazines. The agreement between the experimental and simulation results provide us with a fundamental understanding of the designing roles in highly thermally stable polybenzoxazines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Yijing Nie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Matthew Louis Szigeti
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shen X, Liu X, Dai J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhu J. How Does the Hydrogen Bonding Interaction Influence the Properties of Furan-Based Epoxy Resins. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b02901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Shen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyue Dai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Synthesis of high performance polybenzoxazine networks from bio-based furfurylamine: Furan vs benzene ring. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
28
|
Zhang K, Qiu J, Li S, Shang Z, Wang J. Remarkable improvement of thermal stability of main-chain benzoxazine oligomer by incorporating o
-norbornene as terminal functionality. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Jiaming Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Songjun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Zhikun Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Jinyun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kolanadiyil SN, Minami M, Endo T. Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Difunctional Benzoxazines with Attached Oxazine Ring at the Para-, Meta-, and Ortho-Position. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaki Minami
- Specialty Chemical & Material Company, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation, 8 Chidori, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular
Engineering Institute, Kindai University, 11-6 Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang B, Yang P, Li Y, He Y, Zhu R, Gu Y. Blends of polybenzoxazine/poly(acrylic acid): hydrogen bonds and enhanced performances. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Po Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Yiqiao Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Yueshan He
- National Engineering Research Center of Electronic Circuits Base Material; Guangdong Shengyi Technology Limited Corporation; Dongguan China
| | - Rongqi Zhu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Yi Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Han L, Zhang K, Ishida H, Froimowicz P. Study of the Effects of Intramolecular and Intermolecular Hydrogen-Bonding Systems on the Polymerization of Amide-Containing Benzoxazines. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Pablo Froimowicz
- Design and Chemistry of Macromolecules Group; Institute of Technology in Polymers and Nanotechnology (ITPN); UBA-CONICET, School of Engineering; University of Buenos Aires; Av. Gral. Las Heras 2214 PC 1127AAR Buenos Aires Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sini NK, Endo T. Toward Elucidating the Role of Number of Oxazine Rings and Intermediates in the Benzoxazine Backbone on Their Thermal Characteristics. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. K. Sini
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kindai University, Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kindai University, Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|