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Li W, Yang F, Lin Z, Sun R, Chen L, Xie Y, Pang J, Jiang Z. Semi-crystalline sulfonated poly(ether ketone) proton exchange membranes: The trade-off of facile synthesis and performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 645:493-501. [PMID: 37159991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Improving the performance of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) through the synthesis of sulfonated polymers with elaborate molecular structures has received extensive approval. However, the tedious synthetic process and consequently high costs restrain their possible substitution for Nafion, a classic PEM material. Herein, a series of semi-crystalline sulfonated poly(ether ketone)s with fluorene-based units were prepared via direct copolymerization of commercially available monomers and followed post-sulfonation, namely SPEK-FD-x, where × represents the molar ratio of the fluorene-containing monomer to the employed bisphenol monomers. The entire synthetic pathway was facile without involving hardly accessible materials. Subsequently, various properties of SPEK-FD-x membranes were investigated and further compared with Nafion 117. Due to the formation of the well-defined hydrophilic-hydrophobic microphase separation morphology and the reinforcement of the PEK crystalline regions, the SPEK-FD-x membranes exhibited outstanding proton conductivity, resistance for methanol permeation, as well as dimensional, thermal, oxidative, and mechanical stability. Among them, the overall behavior of the SPEK-FD-25 membrane was comparable to or even greater than that of Nafion 117, most importantly, it also performed decently in both H2/air fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells. Therefore, with the straightforward synthesis and superior performance, the SPEK-FD-x membranes may serve as a promising alternative to Nafion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Li
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China
| | - Ziyu Lin
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China
| | - Ruiyin Sun
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China
| | - Yunji Xie
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr.18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Jinhui Pang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China.
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR. China
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Xie Y, Ringuette A, Liu D, Pang J, Mutlu H, Voll D, Théato P. Sulfonated branched poly(arylene ether ketone sulfone) proton exchange membranes: Effects of degree of branching and ion exchange capacity. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Xie Y, Li S, Pang J, Jiang Z. Micro-block poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with densely quaternized units for anion exchange membranes: Effects of benzyl N-methylpiperidinium and benzyl trimethyl ammonium cations. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Chen X, Xiao L, Qiu XS, Chen KC. Properties of Multiblock Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s Synthesized by Precise Controllable Post-sulfonation for Proton Exchange Membranes. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu D, Xie Y, Zhong J, Yang F, Pang J, Jiang Z. High methanol resistance semi-crystalline sulfonated poly(ether ketone) proton exchange membrane for direct methanol fuel cell. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jin K, Yue B, Yan L, Qiao R, Zhao H, Zhang J. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(5'-hexyloxy-1',4-biphenyl)-b-poly(2',4'-bispropoxysulfonate-1',4-biphenyl) with High Ion Exchange Capacity for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200109. [PMID: 35313090 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is pivotal for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In the present work, a block copolymer with hydrophilic alkyl sulfonated side groups and hydrophobic flexible alkyl ether side groups, poly(5'-hexyloxy-1',4-biphenyl)-b-poly(2',4'-bispropoxysulfonate-1',4-biphenyl) (HBP-b-xBPSBP), is designed and synthesized by copolymerization of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic oligomers. The oligomers are synthesized via a Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of 1,3-dibromo-5-hexyloxybenzene, and 3,3'-[(4,6-dibromo-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)]bis(propane-1-sulfonate) or 1,4-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzene. The good solubility and film-forming characteristics are achieved via the introduction of flexible hexyloxy side groups, and high ion exchange capacity (IEC) is achieved via the introduction of high density of alkyl sulfonated side groups. The HBP-b-0.5BPSBP has the highest IEC of 3.17 mmol/g, the highest proton conductivity of 43.5 mS/cm at 95 °C and 90% relative humidity (RH) and low methanol permeability of 6.45×10-7 cm2 /s. Meanwhile, crosslinked HBP-b-xBPSBP exhibits promising water uptake, swelling ratio and low methanol permeability. These characteristics are attributed to the crosslinked structure and the hydrophilic/hydrophobic nanophase separation morphology promoted by the poly(m-phenylene) main chains, flexible alkyl ether groups, and alkyl sulfonated side groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, 510640, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liuming Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Risa Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiujun Zhang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Maniglia BC, La Fuente CIA, Siqueira LDV, Tadini CC. Carbohydrate Nanomaterials Addition to Starch‐Based Packaging: A Review about Fundamentals and Application. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Chieregato Maniglia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP) ‐ Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto SP 14040–900 Brazil
| | - Carla Ivonne Arias La Fuente
- Department of Agri‐food Industry Food and Nutrition (LAN), School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ) Universidade de São Paulo Piracicaba SP 13418–900 Brazil
| | - Larissa do Val Siqueira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica Universidade de São Paulo Main Campus São Paulo SP 05508‐010 Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC/NAPAN) Universidade de São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Carmen Cecilia Tadini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica Universidade de São Paulo Main Campus São Paulo SP 05508‐010 Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC/NAPAN) Universidade de São Paulo SP Brazil
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Anion exchange membrane based on poly(arylene ether ketone) containing long alkyl densely quaternized carbazole derivative pendant. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu D, Xie Y, Cui N, Han X, Zhang J, Pang J, Jiang Z. Structure and properties of sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s with densely sulfonated segments containing mono-, di- and tri-tetraphenylmethane as proton exchange membrane. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bhattacharjee S, Haldar D, Manna MS, Gayen K, Bhowmick TK. A sustainable approach to enhance fruit shelf‐life: Edible coating from pineapple fruit waste biomass. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Department of Chemical Engineering NIT Agartala Jirania West Tripura India
| | | | - Kalyan Gayen
- Department of Chemical Engineering NIT Agartala Jirania West Tripura India
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Xiao L, Chen X, Xu J, Chen K, Fang J. Synthesis and Properties of Novel Side‐Chain Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)s for Proton Exchange Membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Kangcheng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jianhua Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
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Li S, Pang J, Chen Z, Liu D, Han Y, Wang K, Huang S, Jiang Z. A high-performance anion exchange membrane based on poly(arylene ether sulfone) with a high concentration of quaternization units. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alves L, Ferraz E, Gamelas J. Composites of nanofibrillated cellulose with clay minerals: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 272:101994. [PMID: 31394436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Biopolymers-based composites are, in general, environmentally friendly materials, which can be obtained from renewable sources. Some of them can also present promising properties to be used in food packaging and electronic devices, being thus logical substitutes to petroleum-based polymers, specifically plastics. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) obtained by chemical/enzymatic pre-treatments followed by a mechanical treatment appear as a new suitable biomaterial. However, CNF are still quite expensive materials, due to the required chemicals/equipment/energy involved, and additionally, they present some limitations such as high hydrophilicity/high water vapour permeability. The combination of CNF with clay minerals, such as montmorillonite or kaolinite, as widely available geo-resources, represents an excellent way to reduce the amount of CNF used, enabling the production of valuable materials and reducing costs; and, at the same time it is possible to improve the characteristics of the formed materials, such as mechanical, gas barrier and fire retardancy properties, if appropriate conditions of preparation are used. Nevertheless, to obtain hybrid CNF/clay composites with superior properties it is necessary to ensure a good dispersion of the inorganic material in the CNF suspension and a good compatibility among the inorganic and organic components. To fulfil this goal, several strategies can be considered, including physical treatments of the suspensions, CNF and clay surface chemical modifications, and the use of a coupling agent. In this review article, the state-of-the-art on a new emerging generation of composites (films, foams or coatings) based on nanofibrillated cellulose and nanoclay, with focus on strategies for their preparation and most relevant achievements is critically reviewed, bearing in mind their potential application as substitutes for common plastics. A third component has been eventually added to these organic-inorganic hybrids, e.g., chitosan, carboxymethylcellulose, borate or epoxy resin, to enhance specific characteristics of the material. Some general background on the production of different types of CNF and their main properties is previously provided.
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Bhat A, Khan I, Usmani MA, Umapathi R, Al-Kindy SM. Cellulose an ageless renewable green nanomaterial for medical applications: An overview of ionic liquids in extraction, separation and dissolution of cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:750-777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang X, Wang S, Liu C, Li J, Liu F, Tian X, Chen H, Mao T, Xu J, Wang Z. Cage-like cross-linked membranes with excellent ionic liquid retention and elevated proton conductivity for HT-PEMFCs. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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