1
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MacInnis CM, Younes GR, Marić M. The effect of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane fillers in
non‐isocyanate
polyurethane hybrid resins. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlee M. MacInnis
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Georges R. Younes
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Milan Marić
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
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2
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Ghasemi S, Ghezelsofloo M, Naeimi M, Tamami B, Allahyari H. Isocyanate‐free urethane modified vinyl ester resin: synthesis, characterization, and mechanical properties. POLYM INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Ghasemi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science Shiraz University 7194684795 Shiraz Iran
| | - Milad Ghezelsofloo
- Chemistry Department, College of Science Shiraz University 7194684795 Shiraz Iran
| | - Mahsa Naeimi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science Shiraz University 7194684795 Shiraz Iran
| | - Bahman Tamami
- Chemistry Department, College of Science Shiraz University 7194684795 Shiraz Iran
| | - Hamed Allahyari
- Chemistry Department, College of Science Shiraz University 7194684795 Shiraz Iran
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3
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Younes GR, Maric M. Bio‐based and hydrolytically degradable hydroxyurethane acrylates as photocurable thermosets. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georges R. Younes
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Milan Maric
- Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
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4
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Bizet B, Grau E, Asua JM, Cramail H. Hybrid – Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethanes (H‐NIPUs): A pathway Towards a Broad Range of Novel Materials. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Bizet
- LCPO – UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux – CNRS – Bordeaux INP 16 Avenue Pey Berland Bât. A Pessac 33607 France
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72 Donostia – San Sebastián 20018 Spain
| | - Etienne Grau
- LCPO – UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux – CNRS – Bordeaux INP 16 Avenue Pey Berland Bât. A Pessac 33607 France
| | - José M. Asua
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72 Donostia – San Sebastián 20018 Spain
| | - Henri Cramail
- LCPO – UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux – CNRS – Bordeaux INP 16 Avenue Pey Berland Bât. A Pessac 33607 France
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5
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Gomez-Lopez A, Elizalde F, Calvo I, Sardon H. Trends in non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12254-12265. [PMID: 34709246 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transition towards safer and more sustainable production of polymers has led to a growing body of academic research into non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) as potential replacements for conventional, isocyanate-based polyurethane materials. This perspective article focuses on the opportunities and current limitations of NIPUs produced by the reaction between biobased cyclic carbonates with amines, which offers an interesting pathway to renewable NIPUs. While it was initially thought that due to the similarities in the chemical structure, NIPUs could be used to directly replace conventional polyurethanes (PU), this has proven to be more challenging to achieve in practice. As a result, and in spite of the vast amount of academic research into this topic, the market size of NIPUs remains negligible. In this perspective, we will emphasize the main limitations of NIPUs in comparison to conventional PUs and the most significant advances made by others and us to overcome these limitations. Finally, we provide our personal view of where research should be directed to promote the transition from the academic to the industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Gomez-Lopez
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Fermin Elizalde
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Iñigo Calvo
- ORIBAY Group Automotive S.L. R&D Department, Portuetxe bidea 18, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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6
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Świderska A, Parzuchowski PG, Żurowski R, Więcław-Midor A, Wołosz D. Energy dissipating poly(hydroxyurethane) elastomers – Synthesis, characterization and comparison with shear thickening fluid materials. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Buchheit H, Bruchmann B, Stoll K, Mülhaupt R. Functionalized acrylic polyhydroxy urethanes as molecular tool box for photocurable thermosets and
3D
printing. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Buchheit
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry University of Freiburg, Stefan‐Meier‐Strasse 21 and 31 Freiburg Germany
- Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS) BASF SE, Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Bernd Bruchmann
- Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS) BASF SE, Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Klaus Stoll
- Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS) BASF SE, Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38 Ludwigshafen Germany
- BASF New Business GmbH Benckiserplatz 1 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Rolf Mülhaupt
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry University of Freiburg, Stefan‐Meier‐Strasse 21 and 31 Freiburg Germany
- Joint Research Network on Advanced Materials and Systems (JONAS) BASF SE, Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38 Ludwigshafen Germany
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8
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Tryznowski M, Żołek-Tryznowska Z. Surface Properties of Poly(Hydroxyurethane)s Based on Five-Membered Bis-Cyclic Carbonate of Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13225184. [PMID: 33212833 PMCID: PMC7698458 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(hydroxyurethane)s (PHU) are alternatives for conventional polyurethanes due to the use of bis-cyclic dicarbonates and diamines instead of harmful and toxic isocyanates. However, the surface properties of poly(hydroxyurethane)s are not well known. In this work, we focus on the analysis of the surface properties of poly(hydroxyurethane) coatings. Poly(hydroxyurethane)s were obtained by a catalyst-free method from commercially available carbonated diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (Epidian 6 epoxy resins) and various diamines: ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, putrescine, hexamethylenediamine, 2,2,4(2,4,4)-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, m-xylylenediamine, 1,8-diamino-3,6-dioxaoctane, 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine, and isophorone diamine, using a non-isocyanate route. The structures of the obtained polymers were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were performed. The rheological characteristic of the obtained polymers is presented. The static contact angles of water, diidomethane, and formamide, deposited on PHU coatings, were measured. From the measured contact angles, the surface free energy was calculated using two different approaches: Owens-Wendt and van Oss-Chaudhury-Good. Moreover, the wetting envelopes of PHU coatings were plotted, which enables the prediction of the wetting effect of various solvents. The results show that in the investigated coatings, a mainly dispersive interaction occurs.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lambeth
- US Army CCDC Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Grounds MD USA
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10
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11
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Quienne B, Kasmi N, Dieden R, Caillol S, Habibi Y. Isocyanate-Free Fully Biobased Star Polyester-Urethanes: Synthesis and Thermal Properties. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1943-1951. [PMID: 32175728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A green strategy for the synthesis of nonisocyanate polyester-urethanes (NIPHEUs) was developed. These NIPHEUs were synthesized by step growth polymerization combining sugar-derived dimethyl-2,5-furan dicarboxylate (DMFD) with polyhydroxylurethanes (PHUs) adducts bearing four hydroxyl groups. The later hydroxyl urethane tetraols (HU-tetraols) building blocks were prepared by aminolysis of glycerol carbonate with two different aliphatic diamines having different chain lengths, 8 and 12 carbons. Qualitative and quantitative NMR analyses of the HU-tetraols showed the presence of primary and secondary hydroxyl moieties at different ratios. Hence, in the polycondensation stage, the stoichiometry of the diester was varied from 1 to 6 equiv in order to tailor the structural features of the prepared NIPHEUs. The success of the chain extension through polycondensation was confirmed by FTIR and NMR analyses. Thermal analyses of these new polymers demonstrated satisfactory thermal stability, with onset degradation temperatures ranging from 170 to 220 °C where the main first degradation stage occurs. Their melting temperatures ranged between 93 and 110 °C and seem to be driven by the thermal behavior of HU-tetraol monomers. Surprisingly, preliminary results from thermal analyses revealed the occurrence of a striking thermal change in the NIPHEUs upon repetitive heating cycles. This behavior may be related to a thermal-induced bond exchange probably driven by transcarbamoylation reaction. Such interesting vitrimer-like behavior for this new type of NIPHEUs would be unique and should be confirmed by a deeper study before leading to a new range of functional green materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nejib Kasmi
- Materials Research and Technology Department (MRT), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Reiner Dieden
- Materials Research and Technology Department (MRT), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | - Youssef Habibi
- Materials Research and Technology Department (MRT), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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12
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Singh N, Bakhshi H, Meyer W. Developing non-isocyanate urethane-methacrylate photo-monomers for 3D printing application. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44103-44110. [PMID: 35517128 PMCID: PMC9058492 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06388f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Urethane-methacrylate photo-monomers were prepared via a non-isocyanate route for the 3D printing application. The monomers were synthesized through reacting aliphatic amines, i.e. 1,6-hexanediamine, 1,4-butanediol bis(3-aminopropyl) ether, or n-butylamine, with cyclic carbonates, i.e. ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, followed by the methacrylation of the generated hydroxylurethanes. The effects of the chemical structure of monomers on their photo-reactivity and physicomechanical properties of the cured samples were studied. Propylene carbonate generated side methyl groups within the urethane block, which significantly limited the crystallization of the monomers resulting in high photo-reactivity (Rp,max = 6.59 × 10−2 s−1) and conversion (DBCtotal = 85%). The ether bonds of 1,4-butanediol bis(3-aminopropyl) ether decreased the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between urethane blocks, which not only improved the photo-reactivity (Rp,max = 8.18 × 10−2 s−1) and conversion (DBCtotal = 86%) of the monomer but led to a high crosslinking density (νc = 5140 mol m−3) and more flexibility for the cured sample. An ink was developed based on the monomers and successfully 3D printed on a digital light processing machine. In the absence of toxic isocyanates and tin compounds, the non-isocyanate route can be employed to develop urethane-methacrylates with desirable photo-reactivity and physicomechanical properties as good candidates to formulate inks for 3D printing of biomedical materials. Synthesis of urethane-methacrylate photo-monomers via a non-isocyanate route for 3D printing of flexible biomedical materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Singh
- Department of Functional Polymer Systems
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Hadi Bakhshi
- Department of Functional Polymer Systems
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Wolfdietrich Meyer
- Department of Functional Polymer Systems
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
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13
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Warner JJ, Wang P, Mellor WM, Hwang HH, Park JH, Pyo SH, Chen S. 3D Printable Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes with Tunable Material Properties. Polym Chem 2019; 10:4665-4674. [PMID: 33093876 DOI: 10.1039/c9py00999j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Green chemistry-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) are synthesized and 3D-printed via rapid, projection photopolymerization into compliant mechanisms of 3D structure with spatially-localized material properties. Trimethylolpropane allyl ether-cyclic carbonate is used to couple the unique properties of two types of reaction chemistry: (1) primary diamine-cyclic carbonate ring-opening conjugation for supplanting conventional isocyanate-polyol reactions in creating urethane groups, with the additional advantage of enabling modular segment interchangeability within the diurethane prepolymers; and (2) thiol-ene (click) conjugation for non-telechelic, low monodispersity, quasi-crystalline-capable, and alternating step-growth co-photopolymerization. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy is used to monitor the functional group transformation in reactions, and to confirm these process-associated molecular products. The extent of how these processes utilize molecular tunability to affect material properties were investigated through measurement-based comparison of the various polymer compositions: frequency-related dynamic mechanical analysis, tension-related elastic-deformation mechanical analysis, and material swelling analysis. Stained murine myoblasts cultured on NIPU slabs were evaluated via fluorescent microscopy for "green-chemistry" affects on cytocompatibility and cell adhesion to assess potential biofouling resistance. 3D multi-material structures with micro-features were printed, thus demonstrating the capability to spatially pattern different NIPU materials in a controlled manner and build compliant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Warner
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Pengrui Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - William M Mellor
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Henry H Hwang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ji Hoon Park
- Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Pyo
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
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