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McKenzie TJ, Brunet T, Kissell LN, Strobbia P, Ayres N. Polydimethylsiloxane Polymerized Emulsions for Acoustic Materials Prepared Using Reactive Triblock Copolymer Surfactants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58917-58930. [PMID: 38063480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Porous polymers have interesting acoustic properties including wave dampening and acoustic impedance matching and may be used in numerous acoustic applications, e.g., waveguiding or acoustic cloaking. These materials can be prepared by the inclusion of gas-filled voids, or pores, within an elastic polymer network; therefore, porous polymers that have controlled porosity values and a wide range of possible mechanical properties are needed, as these are key factors that impact the sound-dampening properties. Here, the synthesis of acoustic materials with varying porosities and mechanical properties that could be controlled independent of the pore morphology using emulsion-templated polymerizations is described. Polydimethylsiloxane-based ABA triblock copolymer surfactants were prepared using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerizations to control the emulsion template and act as an additional cross-linker in the polymerization. Acoustic materials prepared with reactive surfactants possessed a storage modulus of ∼300 kPa at a total porosity of 71% compared to materials prepared using analogous nonreactive surfactants that possessed storage modulus values of ∼150 kPa at similar porosities. These materials display very low longitudinal sound speeds of ∼35 m/s at ultrasonic frequencies, making them excellent candidates in the preparation of acoustic devices such as metasurfaces or lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker J McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Thomas Brunet
- Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie, University of Bordeaux─CNRS─Bordeaux INP, Talence 33405, France
| | - Lyndsay N Kissell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 201 Crosley Tower, 301 Clifton Ct, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Pietro Strobbia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 201 Crosley Tower, 301 Clifton Ct, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Neil Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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Chen Y, Li J, Yang Y, Yang J, Lin H, Wang Q, Yang X, Meng Y, Li W, Lin Z, Zhang P. Transparent Oil-Water Separating Hydrophobic Sponge Prepared from a Pickering High Internal Phase Emulsion Stabilized by Octadecyltrichlorosilane Grafting Carbon Nanotubes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17378-17391. [PMID: 37975653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly, oil spills and industrial discharges are wreaking havoc on the water environment; in order to efficiently separate oil and water from sewage containing oil or organic solvents, a novel porous polymer (P(EHA-co-BA)) was prepared by Pickering high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) template method. To obtain polyHIPE with better oil/water separation capacities, octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and surfactants were used as costabilizers for HIPE, which improved the stability of HIPE as well as the mechanical properties and the separation efficiency of polyHIPE. In the presence of 1 wt % OTS-CNT adding in the oil phase, 1%OTS-CNT polyHIPE has high porosity (92.21%), favorable hydrophobicity (a water contact angle of 128°), and excellent mechanical properties. As a result, 1%OTS-CNT polyHIPE has high absorption of oils and oily solvents, e.g., dichloromethane up to 36 g/g, and maintains an absorption efficiency of >97% after 20 reapplications. In the formulation of polyHIPE, cinnamaldehyde (CA) has been added to provide superior antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). It appears that the novel polyHIPE proposed in this work is a reusable antibacterial porous polymer with promising applications for oil-water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Chen
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yingfei Yang
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huaijun Lin
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuying Meng
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhidan Lin
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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McKenzie T, Ayres N. Synthesis and Applications of Elastomeric Polymerized High Internal Phase Emulsions (PolyHIPEs). ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20178-20195. [PMID: 37323392 PMCID: PMC10268022 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymer foams (PFs) are among the most industrially produced polymeric materials, and they are found in applications including aerospace, packaging, textiles, and biomaterials. PFs are predominantly prepared using gas-blowing techniques, but PFs can also be prepared from templating techniques such as polymerized high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs). PolyHIPEs have many experimental design variables which control the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the resulting PFs. Both rigid and elastic polyHIPEs can be prepared, but while elastomeric polyHIPEs are less commonly reported than hard polyHIPEs, elastomeric polyHIPEs are instrumental in the realization of new materials in applications including flexible separation membranes, energy storage in soft robotics, and 3D-printed soft tissue engineering scaffolds. Furthermore, there are few limitations to the types of polymers and polymerization methods that have been used to prepare elastic polyHIPEs due to the wide range of polymerization conditions that are compatible with the polyHIPE method. In this review, an overview of the chemistry used to prepare elastic polyHIPEs from early reports to modern polymerization methods is provided, focusing on the applications that flexible polyHIPEs are used in. The review consists of four sections organized around polymer classes used in the preparation of polyHIPEs: (meth)acrylics and (meth)acrylamides, silicones, polyesters and polyurethanes, and naturally occurring polymers. Within each section, the common properties, current challenges, and an outlook is suggested on where elastomeric polyHIPEs can be expected to continue to make broad, positive impacts on materials and technology for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil Ayres
- N.A.:
email, ; tel, +01 513 556 9280; fax, +01 513 556 9239
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Yin X, Zhang T, Zhao T, Wang K, Xu Z, Zhao Y. Cellulose-based, flexible polyurethane polyHIPEs with quasi-closed-cell structures and high stability for thermal insulation. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120385. [PMID: 36604063 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose-based, closed-cell porous materials templated from emulsions are promising for thermal insulation, but their low stability imposed by physical interaction hinders the materials from real applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of cellulose-based, flexible polyurethane polyHIPEs with quasi-closed-cell structures, high stability and flexibility for thermal insulation. The polyHIPEs were prepared from cellulose-stabilized Pickering high internal phase emulsions through interfacial crosslinking using isocyanate. The resulting polyurethane polyHIPEs showed controllable external shapes, quasi-closed-cell structures, high flexibility, low density, and robust compression (without fracture even after compression to 30 % original height). The crosslinking enabled the polyHIPEs to show hydrophobicity, good stability (without breakage and dissolution observed after immersing in NaOH solution at pH 12, HCl solution at pH 1 and hot water at 100 °C, for 24 h) and decreased moisture uptake (below 1 %). The low density and quasi-closed-cell structures endowed the polyHIPEs with high thermal insulation, with thermal conductivity as low as 33.1 mW/(m K). These features make the cellulose-based, closed-cell polyHIPEs as an excellent candidate for thermal insulting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchu Yin
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; China National Textile and Apparel Council Key Laboratory of Natural Dyes, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Tongqing Zhao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhiguang Xu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Xie J, Liu C, Gui H, Ding Y, Yao C, Zhang T. Nanofibrous, hierarchically porous poly(ether sulfone) xerogels templated from gel emulsions for removing organic vapors and particulate matters. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mudassir MA, Aslam HZ, Ansari TM, Zhang H, Hussain I. Fundamentals and Design-Led Synthesis of Emulsion-Templated Porous Materials for Environmental Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102540. [PMID: 34553500 PMCID: PMC8596121 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Emulsion templating is at the forefront of producing a wide array of porous materials that offers interconnected porous structure, easy permeability, homogeneous flow-through, high diffusion rates, convective mass transfer, and direct accessibility to interact with atoms/ions/molecules throughout the exterior and interior of the bulk. These interesting features together with easily available ingredients, facile preparation methods, flexible pore-size tuning protocols, controlled surface modification strategies, good physicochemical and dimensional stability, lightweight, convenient processing and subsequent recovery, superior pollutants remediation/monitoring performance, and decent recyclability underscore the benchmark potential of the emulsion-templated porous materials in large-scale practical environmental applications. To this end, many research breakthroughs in emulsion templating technique witnessed by the recent achievements have been widely unfolded and currently being extensively explored to address many of the environmental challenges. Taking into account the burgeoning progress of the emulsion-templated porous materials in the environmental field, this review article provides a conceptual overview of emulsions and emulsion templating technique, sums up the general procedures to design and fabricate many state-of-the-art emulsion-templated porous materials, and presents a critical overview of their marked momentum in adsorption, separation, disinfection, catalysis/degradation, capture, and sensing of the inorganic, organic and biological contaminants in water and air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahmad Mudassir
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringSBA School of Science & Engineering (SBASSE)Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)Lahore54792Pakistan
- Department of ChemistryKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology (KFUEIT)Rahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan
- Institute of Chemical SciencesBahauddin Zakariya University (BZU)Multan60800Pakistan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolOxford StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Hafiz Zohaib Aslam
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringSBA School of Science & Engineering (SBASSE)Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)Lahore54792Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood Ansari
- Institute of Chemical SciencesBahauddin Zakariya University (BZU)Multan60800Pakistan
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolOxford StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringSBA School of Science & Engineering (SBASSE)Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)Lahore54792Pakistan
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Luo J, Huang Z, Liu L, Wang H, Ruan G, Zhao C, Du F. Recent advances in separation applications of polymerized high internal phase emulsions. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:169-187. [PMID: 32845083 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymerized high internal phase emulsions as highly porous adsorption materials have received increasing attention and wide applications in separation science in recent years due to their remarkable merits such as highly interconnected porosity, high permeability, good thermal and chemical stability, and tailorable chemistry. In this review, we attempt to introduce some strategies to utilize polymerized high internal phase emulsions for separation science, and highlight the recent advances made in the applications of polymerized high internal phase emulsions for diverse separation of small organic molecules, carbon dioxide, metal ions, proteins, and other interesting targets. Potential challenges and future perspectives for polymerized high internal phase emulsion research in the field of separation science are also speculated at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Luo
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zhujun Huang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Linqi Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Ruan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Fuyou Du
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, P. R. China
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Zia A, Pentzer E, Thickett S, Kempe K. Advances and Opportunities of Oil-in-Oil Emulsions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38845-38861. [PMID: 32805925 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Emulsions are mixtures of two immiscible liquids in which droplets of one are dispersed in a continuous phase of the other. The most common emulsions are oil-water systems, which have found widespread use across a number of industries, for example, in the cosmetic and food industries, and are also of advanced scientific interest. In addition, the past decade has seen a significant increase in both the design and application of nonaqueous emulsions. This has been primarily driven by developments in understanding the mechanism of effective stabilization of oil-in-oil (o/o) systems, either using block copolymers (BCPs) or solid (Pickering) particles with appropriate surface functionality. These systems, as highlighted in this review, have enabled emergent applications in areas such as pharmaceutical delivery, energy storage, and materials design (e.g., polymerization, monolith, and porous polymer synthesis). These o/o emulsions complement traditional emulsions that utilize an aqueous phase and allow the use of materials incompatible with water. We assess recent advances in the preparation and stabilization of o/o emulsions, focusing on the identity of the stabilizer (BCP or particle), the interplay between stabilizer and oils, and highlighting applications and opportunities associated with o/o emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadarash Zia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology and Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Emily Pentzer
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77807, United States
| | - Stuart Thickett
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry), The University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology and Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Gui H, Zhang T, Guo Q. Nanofibrous, Emulsion-Templated Syndiotactic Polystyrenes with Superhydrophobicity for Oil Spill Cleanup. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:36063-36072. [PMID: 31549499 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) monoliths with controllable shapes, nanofibrous structures, hierarchical pores, superhydrophobicity, high specific surface area, and high strength have been fabricated for the first time by solidifying nonaqueous high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) through crystallization-induced gelation. The nonaqueous HIPEs were formed by dispersing glycerol in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene stabilized by sulfonated sPS at a high temperature of 120 °C, and with sPS in the continuous phase, these HIPEs were solidified by cooling at room temperature to obtain sPS monoliths. The shapes of the sPS monoliths were controllable, and excitedly, nanofibrous structures were found at void walls, with fiber diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm. The sPS monoliths exhibited pores in different scales: emulsion-templated voids at nearly 10 μm with pore throats ranging from 1 to 2 μm and macropores and mesopores between nanofibers, enabling the monoliths to exhibit extremely high specific surface area of up to 420 m2·g-1. The porous sPS monoliths were robust, and they did not fail even at a compressive strain of 70%, with Young's moduli ranging from 157.7 to 2638.0 kPa. The monoliths were superhydrophobic and oleophilic, with water contact angles over 150° and with oils absorbed rapidly. The superhydrophobicity and oleophilicity enabled the porous sPS monoliths to absorb bulk oils on the water surface, underwater oils, and even oils within oil-in-water emulsions. The monoliths absorbed a large amount of organic solvents, edible oils, and fuel oils with equilibrium liquid uptakes up to 81.3, 44.4, and 41.9 g·g-1 for chloroform, olive oil, and diesel, respectively. The liquid absorption was rapid, and the monoliths exhibited a relatively high reusability. These porous sPS monoliths were demonstrated to be a candidate for the applications of oil/water separation and/or oil spill cleanup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoguan Gui
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Locked Bag 20000 , Geelong 3220 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Qipeng Guo
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Locked Bag 20000 , Geelong 3220 , Victoria , Australia
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