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Richard I, Maurya AK, Shadman S, Masquelier E, Marthey LS, Neels A, Sorin F. Unraveling the Influence of Thermal Drawing Parameters on the Microstructure and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Multimaterial Fibers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2101392. [PMID: 34761869 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multimaterial thermally drawn fibers are becoming important building blocks in several foreseen applications in surgical probes, protective gears, or medical textiles. Here, the influence of the thermal drawing parameters on the degree of polymer chain orientation, the related thermal shrinkage behavior, and the mechanical properties of the final fibers is investigated via thermo-mechanical testing and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) analyses. This study on polyetherimide fibers reveals that the drawing stress, which depends on the drawing speed and temperature, controls the thermal shrinkage behavior and mechanical properties. Furthermore, SAXS and WAXS analyses show that the degree of chain orientation increases with drawing stresses below 8 MPa and then saturates, which correlates with the amount of observed shrinkage. The use of this process-dependent polymer chain alignment to tune the mechanical and shrinkage properties of the fibers is highlighted and controlled bending multimaterial fibers made of two polymethyl methacrylates having different molecular weights are developed. Finally, a heat treatment procedure is proposed to relax the chain alignment and increase the dimensional stability of devices such as temperature sensors. This deeper understanding can serve as a guide for the processing of complex fibers requiring specific mechanical properties or enhanced thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Richard
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Anjani K Maurya
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-Ray Analytics, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, Bern, 3008, Switzerland
| | - Shahrzad Shadman
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Eloïse Masquelier
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Lison S Marthey
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Neels
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-Ray Analytics, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Sorin
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Uddin AJ, Ohkoshi Y, Gotoh Y, Nagura M, Endo R, Hara T. Effects of Take-up Speed of Melt Spinning on the Structure and Mechanical Propertiesof Maximally Laser Drawn PA9-T Fibers. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A new semiaromatic polyamide, PA9-T, was melt-spun at take-up speeds from 200 to 1000m min−1. The as-spun fibers were drawn with CO2 laser-heated drawing to their maximal draw ratio (DRmax). The drawing stress was recorded during this process. The effects of take-up speed of melt-spinning on maximally drawn fibers were characterized through measurements of density, birefringence, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, crystal orientation, tensile testing, and dynamic viscoelastic analysis. All as-spun fibers were essentially amorphous and their birefringence and density increased slightly with the increase of take-up speed. Lower take-up speeds yielded higher DRmax values, and fibers drawn to their DRmax exhibited superior structure and mechanical properties. The tensile strength and Young's modulus achieved were the highest reported to date for PA9-T: 737 MPa and 5.8 GPa, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Uddin
- Faculty of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Y. Ohkoshi
- Faculty of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Y. Gotoh
- Faculty of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - M. Nagura
- Faculty of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - R. Endo
- Kuraray Co. Ltd., Kurashiki, Japan
| | - T. Hara
- Kuraray Co. Ltd., Kurashiki, Japan
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El-Farahaty KA, Sadik AM, Hezma AM. Study of Optical and Structure Properties of Polyester (PET) and Copolyester (PETG) Fibers by Interferometry. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00914030601100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kim SY, Kim SH, Kim JY, Cho HH. Novel CO2 laser drawing of thermotropic liquid crystal polymer and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) blend fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jalal Uddin A, Mashima Y, Ohkoshi Y, Gotoh Y, Nagura M, Sakamoto A, Kuroda R. Drawing behavior and characteristics of laser-drawn polypropylene fibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yamaguchi T, Komoriyama K, Ohkoshi Y, Urakawa H, Gotoh Y, Terasawa N, Nagura M, Kajiwara K. Online wide-angle X-ray diffraction/small-angle X-ray scattering measurements for the CO2-laser-heated drawing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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