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Hang Z, Lv Z, Feng L, Liu B. Study of Compatibility and Flame Retardancy of TPU/PLA Composites. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062339. [PMID: 35329790 PMCID: PMC8949938 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to apply the rigid biodegradable PLA material for flexible toothbrush bristle products, in this paper, Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) blends (TPU/PLA composites), with a mass ratio of 80:20, were prepared by the melt-blending method to achieve toughening modification. Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance were used to investigate the effect of the compatibilizer, Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH), on the compatibility of the blends, and the effect of melamine on the flame retardant properties of the blends was further investigated. The results demonstrated that 3% PP-g-MAH had the best compatibility effect on PLA and TPU; the TPU/PLA composites have a better macromolecular motility and higher crystallization capacity in the amorphous regions through the physical and chemical action by using PP-g-MAH as a compatibilizer. By adding melamine as a flame retardant, the scorch wire ignition temperature of TPU/PLA composites can reach 830 °C, which was elevated by 80 °C compared with pure PLA; however, the flame retardant effect of melamine in a single system was not significant. Melamine acts as a flame retardant by absorbing heat through decomposition and diluting the combustible material by producing an inert gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zusheng Hang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (Z.L.); (L.F.); (B.L.)
| | - Zichun Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (Z.L.); (L.F.); (B.L.)
| | - Liu Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (Z.L.); (L.F.); (B.L.)
| | - Ben Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (Z.L.); (L.F.); (B.L.)
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Hashemi Astaneh S, Goharpey F, Foudazi R. Effect of nanoclay on relaxation and breakup of polyamide 6 threads in polystyrene matrix. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hashemi Astaneh
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Goharpey
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Reza Foudazi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico USA
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Liu X, Dong X, Liu W, Han CC, Wang D. Morphology evolution and dynamic relaxation behavior of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber/polyisoprene/silica ternary composites influenced by shear. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Chomat D, Soulestin J, Lacrampe MF, Sclavons M, Krawczak P. In situfibrillation of polypropylene/polyamide 6 blends: Effect of organoclay addition. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Chomat
- Mines Douai; Department of Polymers and Composites Technology and Mechanical Engineering; 941 rue Charles Bourseul, CS 10838 F-59508 Douai France
| | - Jérémie Soulestin
- Mines Douai; Department of Polymers and Composites Technology and Mechanical Engineering; 941 rue Charles Bourseul, CS 10838 F-59508 Douai France
| | - Marie-France Lacrampe
- Mines Douai; Department of Polymers and Composites Technology and Mechanical Engineering; 941 rue Charles Bourseul, CS 10838 F-59508 Douai France
| | - Michel Sclavons
- Bio- and Soft Matter; Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain; Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Patricia Krawczak
- Mines Douai; Department of Polymers and Composites Technology and Mechanical Engineering; 941 rue Charles Bourseul, CS 10838 F-59508 Douai France
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Araújo APM, Agrawal P, Cavalcanti SN, Alves AM, Brito GF, Mélo TJA. Bionanocomposite Obtained from Poly (lactic acid)/Biopolyethylene Blend and Clay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201300190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aylanna P. M. Araújo
- Department of Materials Engineering- Federal University of Campina Grande - Av.; Aprígio Veloso; 882, Universitario 58429-900 Campina Grande-PB Brazil
| | - Pankaj Agrawal
- Department of Materials Engineering- Federal University of Campina Grande - Av.; Aprígio Veloso; 882, Universitario 58429-900 Campina Grande-PB Brazil
| | - Shirley N. Cavalcanti
- Department of Materials Engineering- Federal University of Campina Grande - Av.; Aprígio Veloso; 882, Universitario 58429-900 Campina Grande-PB Brazil
| | - Amanda M. Alves
- Department of Materials Engineering- Federal University of Campina Grande - Av.; Aprígio Veloso; 882, Universitario 58429-900 Campina Grande-PB Brazil
| | - Gustavo F. Brito
- Department of Materials Engineering- Federal University of Campina Grande - Av.; Aprígio Veloso; 882, Universitario 58429-900 Campina Grande-PB Brazil
| | - Tomás J. A. Mélo
- Department of Materials Engineering- Federal University of Campina Grande - Av.; Aprígio Veloso; 882, Universitario 58429-900 Campina Grande-PB Brazil
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Taguet A, Cassagnau P, Lopez-Cuesta JM. Structuration, selective dispersion and compatibilizing effect of (nano)fillers in polymer blends. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shin JH, Lee HK, Kim KM, Lee KH. Reactive compatibilization of an immiscible polyester/polyolefin blend with PP- g-MAH and PMPI dual compatibilizers. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hee Shin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
| | - Kyung Moon Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
| | - Kwang Hee Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
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Aranburu N, Eguiazábal JI. Organoclay-reinforced compatible blends of polypropylene with an amorphous polyamide. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - José I. Eguiazábal
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros and Polymat; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU; PO Box 1072, 20080 Donostia Spain
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Improved shape stability of nanosilica-filled PBT fibrils in PS matrix: Effects of accelerated crystallization and enhanced viscoelasticity. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Liu BB, Shangguan YG, Zheng Q. Toughening of ethylene-propylene random copolymer/clay nanocomposites: Comparison of different compatibilizers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-012-1185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nayak S, Rahaman M, Pandey AK, Setua DK, Chaki TK, Khastgir D. Development of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-titania nanocomposites with controlled dielectric properties: Effect of heat treatment of titania on electrical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Li K, Huang HX. Detecting impact toughness of polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-octene) blends with various morphologies induced via chaotic and shear mixing. POLYM ENG SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Agrawal P, Araújo EM, de Mélo TJA. Desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos a partir de blendas com matriz de PA6. POLIMEROS 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-14282011005000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos nanocompósitos de polímero/argila a partir de blendas com matriz de PA6. Inicialmente foi avaliado por reometria de torque a reatividade dos copolímeros funcionais PEgAA, PEgMA e EG com a PA6 e a influência destes no sistema PA6/argila. Os ensaios de reometria de torque mostraram que o copolímero PEgAA foi o que apresentou maior reatividade com a PA6. Já nos sistemas de PA6/Argila, o copolímero EG foi o que apresentou a maior interação com o sistema PA6/argila corroborado pelo aumento do torque em função do tempo. Os nanocompósitos foram caracterizados por Difração de Raios-X (DRX), Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), propriedades mecânicas e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). Os resultados de DRX indicaram que o sistema PA6/CL20A apresentou estrutura intercalada enquanto que os sistemas PA6/EG/CL20A apresentaram estrutura parcialmente esfoliada. Os ensaios de DRX e DSC indicaram que no sistema PA6/EG/CL20A onde a argila foi pré-intercalada na PA6, a mesma ficou localizada na fase de PA6 enquanto que no sistema onde a argila foi pré-intercalada no copolímero EG a mesma ficou localizada na fase de EG. O sistema PA6/EG/CL20A onde a argila foi pré-intercalada na PA6 apresentou propriedades de módulo e resistência ao impacto balanceadas quando comparadas às da PA6. Os ensaios de MEV indicaram que a argila está bem dispersa nos sistemas PA6/CL20A e PA6/EG/CL20A.
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Kong M, Huang Y, Chen G, Yang Q, Li G. Retarded relaxation and breakup of deformed PA6 droplets filled with nanosilica in PS matrix during annealing. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jiang G, Huang HX. Melt-compounding of PP/clay nanocomposite and relationship between its microstructure and shear strain in the flow field based on rheological analysis. POLYM ENG SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.22008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wang L, Guo ZX, Yu J. Effect of compounding sequence on the morphology of organoclay-filled PA6/PP/MAPP blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yoo Y, Tiwari RR, Yoo YT, Paul DR. Effect of organoclay structure and mixing protocol on the toughening of amorphous polyamide/elastomer blends. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Moghbelli E, Sue HJ, Jain S. Stabilization and control of phase morphology of PA/SAN blends via incorporation of exfoliated clay. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang QQ, Guo ZX, Yu J. The effect of organo-montmorillonite on the compatibility and properties of nylon 66/polypropylene blend. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lee M, Lee K, Min BH, Kim JH. Phase separation behavior and morphologies of PMMA/poly(styrene- co-acrylonitrile)/clay nanocomposites prepared by solution mixing. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Filippi S, Dintcheva NT, Scaffaro R, La Mantia FP, Polacco G, Magagnini P. Effects of organoclay on morphology and properties of nanocomposites based on LDPE/PA-6 blends without and with SEBS-g-MA compatibilizer. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pascual J, Fages E, Fenollar O, García D, Balart R. Influence of the compatibilizer/nanoclay ratio on final properties of polypropylene matrix modified with montmorillonite-based organoclay. Polym Bull (Berl) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-008-0018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chen P, Chen J, He J. Suppressed coalescence of dispersed viscous poly(methyl methacrylate) phase in polystyrene matrix by glass beads. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kelnar I, Khunová V, Kotek J, Kaprálková L. Effect of clay treatment on structure and mechanical behavior of elastomer-containing polyamide 6 nanocomposite. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kontopoulou M, Liu Y, Austin JR, Parent JS. The dynamics of montmorillonite clay dispersion and morphology development in immiscible ethylene–propylene rubber/polypropylene blends. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Dharaiya DP, Jana SC, Lyuksyutov SF. Production of electrically conductive networks in immiscible polymer blends by chaotic mixing. POLYM ENG SCI 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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