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Zhu Y, Liu J, Zhao J, Li Y, Qiao B, Song D, Huang Y, Xu Z, Zhao S, Xu X. Improving the Charge Carrier Transport and Suppressing Recombination of Soluble Squaraine-Based Solar Cells via Parallel-Like Structure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E759. [PMID: 29747394 PMCID: PMC5978136 DOI: 10.3390/ma11050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule organic solar cells (SMOSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. Squaraine (SQ) is a kind of small molecule material for potential use in high-efficiency devices, because of its high extinction coefficient and low-cost synthesis. However, the charge carrier mobility of SQ-based film is much lower than other effective materials, which leads to the pretty low fill factor (FF). In this study, we improve the performance of SQ derivative-based solar cells by incorporating PCDTBT into LQ-51/PC71BM host binary blend film. The incorporation of PCDTBT can not only increase the photon harvesting, but also provide an additional hole transport pathway. Through the charge carrier mobility and transient photovoltage measurement, we find that the hole mobility and charge carrier lifetime increase in the ternary system. Also, we carefully demonstrate that the charge carrier transport follows a parallel-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Jingli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Jiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Bo Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Dandan Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Suling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Xurong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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Wang S, Singh A, Walsh N, Redmond G. Surfactant-free, low band gap conjugated polymer nanoparticles and polymer:fullerene nanohybrids with potential for organic photovoltaics. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:245601. [PMID: 27159927 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/24/245601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stable, aqueous dispersions of nanoparticles based on the low band gap polymers poly [2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (APFO-3) and poly [N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) were prepared, using a flexible, surfactant-free reprecipitation method, and characterized by a variety of optical techniques. Light scattering measurements indicated average nanoparticle hydrodynamic diameters of approximately 40 nm. The particles presented wide-bandwidth absorption and photoluminescence excitation spectra with high absorption cross-sections on the order of 10(-12) cm(2). Nanoparticle emission spectra were significantly red-shifted, with decreased emission quantum yields and lifetimes, consistent with increased inter-polymer chain interactions in the condensed phase. Single particle photoluminescence studies highlighted the multi-chromophoric nature of the polymer nanoparticles and confirmed their favorable photostabilities. When the nanoparticles were doped with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), the correspondence of photoluminescence emission quenching, quantum yield decreases, emission lifetime shortening, and increased non-radiative rates with increasing PCBM concentration suggested efficient photo-induced donor-to-acceptor charge transfer between the conjugated polymers and the fullerene dopants co-localized in the nanoparticle cores. Taken together, the data suggest that these surfactant-free hybrid nanomaterials may be useful for integration with future nanostructured organic photovoltaics technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Renna LA, Boyle CJ, Gehan TS, Venkataraman D. Polymer Nanoparticle Assemblies: A Versatile Route to Functional Mesostructures. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A. Renna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - Connor J. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - Timothy S. Gehan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - D. Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
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Haruk AM, Mativetsky JM. Supramolecular Approaches to Nanoscale Morphological Control in Organic Solar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:13381-406. [PMID: 26110382 PMCID: PMC4490500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160613381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Having recently surpassed 10% efficiency, solar cells based on organic molecules are poised to become a viable low-cost clean energy source with the added advantages of mechanical flexibility and light weight. The best-performing organic solar cells rely on a nanostructured active layer morphology consisting of a complex organization of electron donating and electron accepting molecules. Although much progress has been made in designing new donor and acceptor molecules, rational control over active layer morphology remains a central challenge. Long-term device stability is another important consideration that needs to be addressed. This review highlights supramolecular strategies for generating highly stable nanostructured organic photovoltaic active materials by design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Haruk
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Jeffrey M Mativetsky
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
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Acevedo-Cartagena DE, Zhu J, Trabanino E, Pentzer E, Emrick T, Nonnenmann SS, Briseno AL, Hayward RC. Selective Nucleation of Poly(3-hexyl thiophene) Nanofibers on Multilayer Graphene Substrates. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:483-487. [PMID: 35596293 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that graphene surfaces provide highly selective nucleation of poly(3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers (NFs) from supersaturated solutions. Solvent conditions are identified that give rise to a wide hysteresis between crystallization and melting centered around room temperature, yielding metastable solutions that are stable against homogeneous nucleation for long periods of time but that allow for heterogeneous nucleation by graphene. Selective growth of P3HT crystals is found for multilayer graphene (MLG) supported on either Si or ITO substrates, with nucleation kinetics that are more rapid for MLG on Si but slower in both cases than for highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Although the NFs grow vertically from the substrate with face-on orientation of P3HT chains, we observe edge-on orientation in dried films, presumably due to capillary forces that cause collapse of the NFs onto the substrate during solvent evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Acevedo-Cartagena
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jiaxin Zhu
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Elvira Trabanino
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, California State Polytechnic University—Pomona, Pomona, California 91768, United States
| | - Emily Pentzer
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Todd Emrick
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Stephen S. Nonnenmann
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Alejandro L. Briseno
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ryan C. Hayward
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Zhu Y, Yang L, Zhao S, Huang Y, Xu Z, Yang Q, Wang P, Li Y, Xu X. Improved performances of PCDTBT:PC71BM BHJ solar cells through incorporating small molecule donor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:26777-82. [PMID: 26395803 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03888j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating SQ-BP into a PCDTBT:PC71BM host blend not only broadens the absorption spectrum but also decreases the energy loss of excited PCDTBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Suling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
| | - Xurong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- P. R. China
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Yao K, Xu YX, Wang X, Li F, Yuan J. The critical role of additives in binary halogen-free solvent systems for the general processing of highly efficient organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19850j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our work demonstrated that the use of the additive strategy for halogen-free solvent systems may provide a feasible route to address the critical environmental issues associated with large-scale manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yao
- Institute of Photovoltaics
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Yun-Xiang Xu
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Jiren Yuan
- Institute of Photovoltaics
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
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Kurta RP, Grodd L, Mikayelyan E, Gorobtsov OY, Zaluzhnyy IA, Fratoddi I, Venditti I, Russo MV, Sprung M, Vartanyants IA, Grigorian S. Local structure of semicrystalline P3HT films probed by nanofocused coherent X-rays. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:7404-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00426h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spatially resolved x-ray study of semicrystalline P3HT films reveals nanoscale inhomogeneity of the conjugated network, as well as structural variations induced by Au nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan P. Kurta
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- D-22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- European XFEL GmbH
- D-22761 Hamburg
| | - Linda Grodd
- Department of Physics
- University of Siegen
- D-57072 Siegen
- Germany
| | | | - Oleg Y. Gorobtsov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- D-22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”
- 123182 Moscow
| | - Ivan A. Zaluzhnyy
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- D-22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
- 115409 Moscow
| | - Ilaria Fratoddi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering (CNIS)
- University of Rome Sapienza
- I-00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Rome Sapienza
- I-00185 Rome
- Italy
| | | | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- D-22607 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Ivan A. Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- D-22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
- 115409 Moscow
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Xiao Z, Sun K, Subbiah J, Ji S, Jones DJ, Wong WWH. Hydrogen bonding in bulk heterojunction solar cells: a case study. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5701. [PMID: 25027678 PMCID: PMC4099981 DOI: 10.1038/srep05701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Small molecules with dithieno[3,2-b;2',3'-d]thiophene as central building block and octyl cyanoacetate and octyl cyanoacetamide as different terminal building blocks have been designed and synthesized. The amide containing small molecule can form intermolecular hydrogen bonding between N-H...O = C of the amide group. The photovoltaic properties and active layer morphologies of the two molecules in bulk heterojunction solar cells are compared to study the influence of hydrogen bonding on the active layer morphology. New methanofullerene compound containing amide group has also been synthesized and compared with conventional fullerene electron acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyun Xiao
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, the University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kuan Sun
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, the University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jegadesan Subbiah
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, the University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shaomin Ji
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, the University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David J. Jones
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, the University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Wallace W. H. Wong
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, the University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Kokil A, Poe AM, Bae Y, Della Pelle AM, Homnick J, Lahti PM, Kumar J, Thayumanavan S. Improved performances in polymer BHJ solar cells through frontier orbital tuning of small molecule additives in ternary blends. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:9920-4. [PMID: 24945883 DOI: 10.1021/am5021759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymer solar cells fabricated in air under ambient conditions are of significant current interest, because of the implications in practicality of such devices. However, only moderate performance has been obtained for the air-processed devices. Here, we report that enhanced short circuit current density (JSC) and open circuit voltage (VOC) in air-processed poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-based solar cells can be obtained by using a series of donor-acceptor dyes as the third component in the device. Power conversion efficiencies up to 4.6% were obtained upon addition of the dyes which are comparable to high-performance P3HT solar cells fabricated in controlled environments. Multilayer planar solar cells containing interlayers of the donor-acceptor dyes, revealed that along with infrared sensitization, an energy level cascade architecture and Förster resonance energy transfer could contribute to the enhanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kokil
- Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell , One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
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Huang Y, Kramer EJ, Heeger AJ, Bazan GC. Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Morphology and Performance Relationships. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7006-43. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400353v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1017] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Huang
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, ‡Department of Materials, §Department of Chemical Engineering, and ∥Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Edward J. Kramer
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, ‡Department of Materials, §Department of Chemical Engineering, and ∥Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Alan J. Heeger
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, ‡Department of Materials, §Department of Chemical Engineering, and ∥Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, ‡Department of Materials, §Department of Chemical Engineering, and ∥Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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Schmidt K, Tassone CJ, Niskala JR, Yiu AT, Lee OP, Weiss TM, Wang C, Fréchet JMJ, Beaujuge PM, Toney MF. A mechanistic understanding of processing additive-induced efficiency enhancement in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:300-305. [PMID: 24174401 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201303622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The addition of processing additives is a widely used approach to increase power conversion efficiencies for many organic solar cells. We present how additives change the polymer conformation in the casting solution leading to a more intermixed phase-segregated network structure of the active layer which in turn results in a 5-fold enhancement in efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Schmidt
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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15
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Bag M, Gehan TS, Algaier DD, Liu F, Nagarjuna G, Lahti PM, Russell TP, Venkataraman D. Efficient charge transport in assemblies of surfactant-stabilized semiconducting nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:6411-6415. [PMID: 23996540 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Charge transport through a semiconducting nanoparticle assembly is demonstrated. The hole mobility of low and high molecular weight and regioreglular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanoparticles is on the order of 2 × 10(-4) to 5 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) , which is comparable to drop-cast thin films of pristine P3HT. Various methods are employed to understand the nature and importance of the nanoparticle packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojit Bag
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Recent Approaches to Controlling the Nanoscale Morphology of Polymer-Based Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells. ENERGIES 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/en6115847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Smith KA, Pickel DL, Yager K, Kisslinger K, Verduzco R. Conjugated block copolymers via functionalized initiators and click chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kendall A. Smith
- Rice University Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringMS‐362, 6100 Main StreetHouston Texas77005‐1892
| | - Deanna L. Pickel
- Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge Tennessee37831
| | - Kevin Yager
- Center for Functional NanomaterialsBrookhaven, National LaboratoryUptonNew York11973
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center for Functional NanomaterialsBrookhaven, National LaboratoryUptonNew York11973
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Rice University Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringMS‐362, 6100 Main StreetHouston Texas77005‐1892
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18
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Klein MFG, Pasker FM, Kowarik S, Landerer D, Pfaff M, Isen M, Gerthsen D, Lemmer U, Höger S, Colsmann A. Carbazole–Phenylbenzotriazole Copolymers as Absorber Material in Organic Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400440q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. G. Klein
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),
Engesserstraße 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Felix M. Pasker
- Kekulé-Institut für
Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Kowarik
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße
15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Landerer
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),
Engesserstraße 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marina Pfaff
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße
12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße
1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Isen
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),
Engesserstraße 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dagmar Gerthsen
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße
12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße
1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Uli Lemmer
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),
Engesserstraße 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße
1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für
Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Colsmann
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),
Engesserstraße 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße
1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Kohn P, Rong Z, Scherer KH, Sepe A, Sommer M, Müller-Buschbaum P, Friend RH, Steiner U, Hüttner S. Crystallization-Induced 10-nm Structure Formation in P3HT/PCBM Blends. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400403c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kohn
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Zhuxia Rong
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Kai H. Scherer
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Alessandro Sepe
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Michael Sommer
- Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse
31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse
1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Richard H. Friend
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Ullrich Steiner
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Sven Hüttner
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department
of Physics, University of Cambridge, J.
J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
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Ren G, Ahmed E, Jenekhe SA. Nanowires of oligothiophene-functionalized naphthalene diimides: self assembly, morphology, and all-nanowire bulk heterojunction solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33787h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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