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Mortilla S, Pruneti C, Masellis G, Guidotti S, Caramuscio C. Clinical-Psychological Aspects Involved in Gynecological Surgery: Description of Peri-Operative Psychopathological Symptoms and Illness Behavior. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2023; 16:56-66. [PMID: 37547867 PMCID: PMC10402648 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.5981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Within the current literature concerning the gynecological surgery, there are only a few studies that focus on the psychological aspects that characterize the peri-operative period. In this research, the psychopathological symptoms and the illness behavior were assessed in order to confirm previous results about clinical variables such as the type and method of intervention, as well as psychological aspects regarding the positive anamnesis for mental disorders. Moreover, other factors including the desire for maternity and previous surgical interventions and pregnancies were also investigated. Methods In this observational research, 58 women (age = 41.5±8.8), that undergone gynecological surgery (conservative and non-conservative) for benign pathologies, were consecutively recruited. Information on psychopathological symptoms was collected 15 days (T0) and one day before surgery (T1), and at the time of discharge (T2) through the Symptom Questionnaire (SQ). At T2, the Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) was also administered. Results The descriptive analyzes conducted on the total sample demonstrated that while anxious activation and irritable mood decrease from T0 to T1, somatizations and depression mood increase between T1 and T2. Moreover, the comparisons between groups, dividing the sample according to the clinical-medical and psychological variables, highlighted that the type and modality of the intervention, as well as a positive history for the presence of psychological disorders, the desire for maternity, and previous surgical interventions and pregnancies, can influence the course of psychopathological symptoms. Conclusion This study highlights the need to include a clinical-psychological evaluation and to pay attention to specific clinical variables regarding women that are undergoing a conservative or non-conservative gynecological surgery. Considering the psychological impact of these type of interventions, the clinical history of these women, as well as their fears and desires, could facilitate a better management of the patients in terms of well-being, adherence to treatment, and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mortilla
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Carpi Hospital, Modena, Italy.Carpi HospitalModenaItaly
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs., Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.Università degli Studi di ParmaUniversity of ParmaItaly
| | - Carlo Pruneti
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs., Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.Università degli Studi di ParmaUniversity of ParmaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Masellis
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Carpi Hospital, Modena, Italy.Carpi HospitalModenaItaly
| | - Sara Guidotti
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs., Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.Università degli Studi di ParmaUniversity of ParmaItaly
| | - Chiara Caramuscio
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs., Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.Università degli Studi di ParmaUniversity of ParmaItaly
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2
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Meiser B, Kaur R, Morrow A, Peate M, Wong WKT, McPike E, Cops E, Nichols C, Austin R, Fine M, Thrupp L, Ward R, Macrae F, Hiller JE, Trainer AH, Mitchell G. Impact of national guidelines on use of BRCA1/2 germline testing, risk management advice given to women with pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants and uptake of advice. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2021; 19:24. [PMID: 33836815 PMCID: PMC8035714 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-021-00180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This nationwide study assessed the impact of nationally agreed cancer genetics guidelines on use of BRCA1/2 germline testing, risk management advice given by health professionals to women with pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants and uptake of such advice by patients. Methods Clinic files of 883 women who had initial proband screens for BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants at 12 familial cancer clinics between July 2008–July 2009 (i.e. before guideline release), July 2010–July 2011 and July 2012–July 2013 (both after guideline release) were audited to determine reason given for genetic testing. Separately, the clinic files of 599 female carriers without a personal history of breast/ovarian cancer who underwent BRCA1/2 predictive genetic testing and received their results pre- and post-guideline were audited to ascertain the risk management advice given by health professionals. Carriers included in this audit were invited to participate in a telephone interview to assess uptake of advice, and 329 agreed to participate. Results There were no significant changes in the percentages of tested patients meeting at least one published indication for genetic testing - 79, 77 and 78% of files met criteria before guideline, and two-, and four-years post-guideline, respectively (χ = 0.25, p = 0.88). Rates of documentation of post-test risk management advice as per guidelines increased significantly from pre- to post-guideline for 6/9 risk management strategies. The strategies with the highest compliance amongst carriers or awareness post-release of guidelines were annual magnetic resonance imaging plus mammography in women 30–50 years (97%) and annual mammography in women > 50 years (92%). Of women aged over 40 years, 41% had a risk-reducing bilateral mastectomy. Amongst women aged > 40 years, 75% had a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy. Amongst women who had not had a risk-reducing bilateral mastectomy, only 6% took risk-reducing medication. Fear of side-effects was cited as the main reasons for not taking these medicines by 73% of women. Conclusions Guidelines did not change the percentages of tested patients meeting genetic testing criteria but improved documentation of risk management advice by health professionals. Effective approaches to enhance compliance with guidelines are needed to improve risk management and quality of care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13053-021-00180-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Meiser
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Rajneesh Kaur
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - April Morrow
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Michelle Peate
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Oncology, Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - W K Tim Wong
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Social Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily McPike
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Elisa Cops
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cassandra Nichols
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Rachel Austin
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Miriam Fine
- Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Letitia Thrupp
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn Ward
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Finlay Macrae
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Janet E Hiller
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison H Trainer
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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3
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Manoukian S, Alfieri S, Bianchi E, Peissel B, Azzollini J, Borreani C. Risk‐reducing surgery in
BRCA1
/
BRCA2
mutation carriers: Are there factors associated with the choice? Psychooncology 2019; 28:1871-1878. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.5166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and HematologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Sara Alfieri
- Clinical Psychlogy UnitFondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bianchi
- Clinical Psychlogy UnitFondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and HematologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and HematologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Claudia Borreani
- Clinical Psychlogy UnitFondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
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4
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Etchegary H, Dicks E, Tamutis L, Dawson L. Quality of life following prophylactic gynecological surgery: experiences of female Lynch mutation carriers. Fam Cancer 2017; 17:53-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-9997-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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5
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Smits S, Boivin J, Menon U, Brain K. The double-edged sword of ovarian cancer information for women at increased risk who have previously taken part in screening. Ecancermedicalscience 2016; 10:650. [PMID: 27433283 PMCID: PMC4929978 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2016.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women at increased risk who decide not to have, or to delay, risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy have to rely on early diagnosis through symptom awareness and presenting to primary care as soon as possible in the absence of screening. However, little is known about the acceptability to women of this strategy. We aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of women's perceptions and previous experiences of ovarian cancer symptom management, and the influences on ovarian cancer awareness and anticipated symptom presentation. METHOD Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight women at increased risk of ovarian cancer who had previously taken part in ovarian cancer screening and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). RESULTS Familial experience of ovarian cancer and perceived personal risk shaped women's perceptions and behavioural responses to disease threat. Ovarian cancer information was perceived to be a double-edged sword, regarded as either useful for increasing knowledge and confidence in discussing symptom concerns with health professionals or to be avoided due to fears about cancer. CONCLUSION Women may be cautious about searching for information independently and in the absence of routine ovarian screening. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Thought needs to be given to how best to create and disseminate credible ovarian cancer symptom information materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Smits
- Divison of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd, Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Jacky Boivin
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Usha Menon
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London W1T 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Brain
- Divison of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd, Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
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6
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Etchegary H, Dicks E, Watkins K, Alani S, Dawson L. Decisions about prophylactic gynecologic surgery: a qualitative study of the experience of female Lynch syndrome mutation carriers. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2015; 13:10. [PMID: 25806095 PMCID: PMC4371629 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-015-0031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women who carry a mutation for Lynch syndrome face complex decisions regarding strategies for managing their increased cancer risks. At present, there is limited understanding of the factors influencing women’s prophylactic surgery decisions. Methods As part of an exploratory pilot project, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 women who were Lynch syndrome mutation carriers and had made prophylactic surgery decisions. Nine of 10 women had chosen to undergo prophylactic hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy as a means of managing their increased gynecological cancer risks. Results Study findings revealed that surgery decisions were influenced by multiple factors, including demographic variables such as age and parity, as well as psychosocial factors such as cancer worry, in addition to personal and social knowledge of gynecological cancer. While all women were satisfied with their surgery decision, some reported they were not fully informed about the negative impact on their quality of life post-surgery (e.g., complications of surgically-induced menopause), nor about the potential for, or risks and benefits of, hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions Study findings highlight some of the factors associated with prophylactic surgery decisions and women’s perceptions about pre-surgical information provision and needs. Suggestions are made for improving the information and support provided to female carriers of a Lynch syndrome mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Etchegary
- Division of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Memorial University Health Sciences Centre, Patient Research Centre, Room 1414 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, A1B 3V6 NL Canada
| | - Elizabeth Dicks
- Center for Health Informatics & Analytics (CHIA) Health Sciences Centre, Room 1756 300 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, A1B 3V6 NL Canada
| | - Kathy Watkins
- Centre for Nursing Studies, Southcott Hall, 100 Forest Road, St. John's, A1A 1E5 NL Canada
| | - Sabrina Alani
- Department of Oncology, Memorial University, St. John's, A1B 3V6 NL Canada
| | - Lesa Dawson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, A1B 3V6 NL Canada
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7
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Heiniger L, Price MA, Charles M, Butow PN. Facilitators and Challenges in Psychosocial Adaptation to Being at Increased Familial Risk of Breast Cancer. J Genet Couns 2015; 24:890-907. [PMID: 25735441 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-015-9824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the process of psychosocial adaptation to familial risk in tested and untested individuals at increased familial risk of cancer. This paper presents findings from a qualitative study of 36 women participating in the Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast cancer (kConFab) Psychosocial study. Facilitators and challenges in psychosocial adaptation were identified through semi-structured interviews. The women, who were either tested (carriers or non-carriers of breast cancer susceptibility mutations) or untested (ineligible for testing or eligible but delayed or declined testing), described personal, support network and healthcare characteristics that impacted on the adaptation process. Challenges in one domain could be overcome by facilitators in other domains and key differences relating to whether women had undergone testing, or not, were identified. Tested and untested women with an increased familial risk of breast cancer may benefit from support tailored to their mutation testing status in order to enhance adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Heiniger
- Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Level 6 North, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse (C39Z), NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia. .,School of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Melanie A Price
- Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Level 6 North, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse (C39Z), NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia.,School of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margaret Charles
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia
| | - Phyllis N Butow
- Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Level 6 North, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse (C39Z), NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia.,School of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Sydney, Australia
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8
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Witt J, Elwyn G, Wood F, Rogers MT, Menon U, Brain K. Adapting the coping in deliberation (CODE) framework: a multi-method approach in the context of familial ovarian cancer risk management. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2014; 97:200-210. [PMID: 25064250 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether the coping in deliberation (CODE) framework can be adapted to a specific preference-sensitive medical decision: risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in women at increased risk of ovarian cancer. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search to identify issues important to women during deliberations about RRSO. Three focus groups with patients (most were pre-menopausal and untested for genetic mutations) and 11 interviews with health professionals were conducted to determine which issues mattered in the UK context. Data were used to adapt the generic CODE framework. RESULTS The literature search yielded 49 relevant studies, which highlighted various issues and coping options important during deliberations, including mutation status, risks of surgery, family obligations, physician recommendation, peer support and reliable information sources. Consultations with UK stakeholders confirmed most of these factors as pertinent influences on deliberations. Questions in the generic framework were adapted to reflect the issues and coping options identified. CONCLUSIONS The generic CODE framework was readily adapted to a specific preference-sensitive medical decision, showing that deliberations and coping are linked during deliberations about RRSO. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Adapted versions of the CODE framework may be used to develop tailored decision support methods and materials in order to improve patient-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Witt
- Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Glyn Elwyn
- Dartmouth Center for Healthcare Delivery Science, Hanover, NH, USA; Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Fiona Wood
- Cochrane Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kate Brain
- Cochrane Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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9
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Lifford KJ, Clements A, Fraser L, Lancastle D, Brain K. A qualitative study of women's experiences of familial ovarian cancer screening. Psychooncology 2013; 22:2576-84. [PMID: 23801640 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One risk management strategy that women at increased familial risk of ovarian cancer may use is screening. Until recently, this has been available as part of the UK Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study (UKFOCSS), using ultrasound scans of the ovaries and tumour marker blood tests. The present study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of women's experiences of participating in ovarian cancer screening. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 48 UKFOCSS participants. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and relevant sections analysed using a framework approach. RESULTS Screening provided women with reassurance which they found beneficial. A sense of privilege, as well as feeling proactive in potentially detecting ovarian cancer at an early stage was described. The wider benefit to research and the potential impact this could have on others was also important to women. Negative experiences of screening included worry about the screening tests and results, false reassurance by test results and disappointment with ineffective screening. Aspects of the screening study, such as the logistics, organisation and communication, were described as both good and problematic. When weighed up by the women, most described an overall positive experience of screening. CONCLUSIONS Women reported both positive and negative experiences of screening. Overall, screening seemed to be an acceptable risk management strategy to most women who participated in this interview study. Improvements could be made particularly in helping women to understand the limitations of familial ovarian cancer screening in order to avoid false reassurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate J Lifford
- Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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10
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Pezaro C, James P, McKinley J, Shanahan M, Young MA, Mitchell G. The consequences of risk reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: the case for a coordinated approach to long-term follow up post surgical menopause. Fam Cancer 2013; 11:403-10. [PMID: 22477030 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-012-9527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Women with germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have significantly increased lifetime risks of breast and ovarian cancer. To manage both the ovarian and breast cancer risks the current recommendation is undergo a risk reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) prior to natural menopause. To date, studies have focussed on quality of life and sexual dysfunction in women who undergo RRSO, but few have reported on the wider physical consequences. We performed a questionnaire study in women with BRCA 1 or 2 gene mutations known to the Peter MacCallum Familial Cancer Centre. We gathered information about ovarian surgery, ongoing follow-up, management of risk factors including osteoporosis, and current severity of menopausal symptoms. Two hundred and nineteen women were surveyed. One hundred and forty-three of 157 responding participants (91 %) reported having RRSO. Sixty one were pre-menopausal at RRSO. Post surgical follow-up rates were generally low, and a minority of women reported recent bone density imaging or pharmaceutical prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. Menopausal symptoms appeared generally mild. No significant differences in symptom severity were observed in women who underwent a pre-menopausal RRSO compared to RRSO after natural menopause. These data indicate that a formalised follow-up protocol is necessary to optimally manage the consequences of a RRSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Pezaro
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Level 3, 10 St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
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11
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Howard AF, Balneaves LG, Bottorff JL, Rodney P. Preserving the self: the process of decision making about hereditary breast cancer and ovarian cancer risk reduction. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2011; 21:502-19. [PMID: 20980697 PMCID: PMC4880460 DOI: 10.1177/1049732310387798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Women who carry BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) gene mutations have up to an 88% lifetime risk of breast cancer and up to a 65% lifetime risk of ovarian cancer. Strategies to address these risks include cancer screening and risk-reducing surgery (i.e., mastectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy). We conducted a grounded theory study with 22 BRCA1/2 mutation-carrier women to understand how women make decisions about these risk-reducing strategies. Preserving the self was the overarching decision-making process evident in the participants' descriptions. This process was shaped by contextual conditions including the characteristics of health services, the nature of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk-reduction decisions, gendered roles, and the women's perceived proximity to cancer. The women engaged in five decision-making styles, and these were characterized by the use of specific decision-making approaches. These findings provide theoretical insights that could inform the provision of decisional support to BRCA1/2 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fuchsia Howard
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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12
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Australian women’s awareness of ovarian cancer symptoms, risk and protective factors, and estimates of own risk. Cancer Causes Control 2010; 21:2231-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-010-9643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Awareness of ovarian cancer risk factors, beliefs and attitudes towards screening: baseline survey of 21,715 women participating in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:454-61. [PMID: 20648018 PMCID: PMC2939792 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Women's awareness of ovarian cancer (OC) risks, their attitudes towards and beliefs about screening, together with misunderstandings or gaps in knowledge, may influence screening uptake. Methods: In total, 21 715 post-menopausal women completed questionnaires before randomisation into the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening. Results: In all, 42.3% correctly identified their lifetime risk of OC; 87.1% knew that a family history of OC increased risk, but only 26.7% appreciated the association with a family history of breast cancer. Although 38.2% acknowledged increased risk post-menopause, only 8.8% were aware that OC diagnoses are highest in women over 65 years. Few (13.7%) recognised the association between pregnancy and reduced OC risk or protective effects of breastfeeding (6.2%). There were common misconceptions; 37.2% thought that an abnormal cervical smear and 26.4% that oral contraception increased the likelihood of OC. Although 84.4% recognised that most ovarian masses are benign, 20.2% thought having had a benign cyst increased OC risk. Most (99.4%) believed that a high uptake of OC screening would reduce mortality and (96.2%) that screen-detected cancers would have an improved prognosis. Conclusions: The results show a need for improved public understanding about OC risks and provide important information for GPs and health educationalists about initiatives needed for future awareness, prevention and screening programmes.
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Howard AF, Balneaves LG, Bottorff JL. Women's decision making about risk-reducing strategies in the context of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: a systematic review. J Genet Couns 2009; 18:578-97. [PMID: 19802692 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-009-9245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Women who have a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have up to an 87% lifetime risk of breast cancer and up to a 40% lifetime risk of ovarian cancer. Cancer prevention and early detection strategies are often considered by these women to address this heightened risk. Risk-reducing strategies include risk-reducing mastectomy and oophorectomy, breast and ovarian cancer screening, and chemoprevention. This systematic literature review summarizes the factors and contexts that influence decision making related to cancer risk-reducing strategies among women at high-risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. In the 43 published research articles reviewed, three main types of factors are identified that influence high-risk women's decisions about risk-reducing strategies: a) medical and physical factors, b) psychological factors and c) social context factors. How these factors operate in women's lives over time remains unknown, and would best be elucidated through prospective, longitudinal research, as well as qualitative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fuchsia Howard
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 302-6190 Agronomy Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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15
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Siminoff LA, Hausmann LRM, Ibrahim S. Barriers to obtaining diagnostic testing for coronary artery disease among veterans. Am J Public Health 2008; 98:2207-13. [PMID: 18381987 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2007.123224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to identify factors associated with appointment nonattendance for diagnostic testing of coronary artery disease among veterans. For patients with possible heart disease, appointment nonattendance may seriously compromise short- and long-term outcomes. Understanding factors associated with nonattendance may help improve care while reducing inefficiency in service delivery. METHODS We surveyed patients who attended (n = 240) or did not attend (n = 139) a scheduled cardiac appointment at a midwestern Veterans Administration medical center. Multivariable regression models were used to assess factors associated with nonattendance. RESULTS Younger age, lower income, unemployment, and longer wait times for appointments were predictive of nonattendance. Nonattenders reported fewer cardiac symptoms and were more likely to attribute their symptoms to something other than heart disease. Nonattendance was also associated with a coping style characterized by avoidance of aversive information. Logistical issues, fear of diagnostic procedures, disbelief that one had heart disease, and medical mistrust were some of the reasons given for missed appointments. CONCLUSIONS Appointment nonattendance among veterans scheduled for cardiology evaluation was associated with several important cognitive factors. These factors should be considered when one is designing clinical systems to reduce patient nonattendance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Siminoff
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Metcalfe KA, Foulkes WD, Kim-Sing C, Ainsworth P, Rosen B, Armel S, Poll A, Eisen A, Gilchrist D, Chudley A, Ghadirian P, Maugard C, Lemire EG, Sun P, Narod SA. Family history as a predictor of uptake of cancer preventive procedures by women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Clin Genet 2008; 73:474-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.00988.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gaff CL, Cowan R, Meiser B, Lindeman G. Genetic services for men: the preferences of men with a family history of prostate cancer. Genet Med 2007; 8:771-8. [PMID: 17172940 DOI: 10.1097/01.gim.0000250204.97620.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Men have a lower uptake of genetic services than women; however, the specific needs and preferences of men at risk of genetic conditions other than hereditary breast ovarian cancer are not known. We ascertain the information preferences of men with a family history of prostate cancer. METHODS Unaffected men and their partners were administered a written questionnaire. RESULTS Responses were received from 280 men (response rate: 59.2%) and 174 partners (response rate: 74%). Most men (59.6%) reported having insufficient information about their risk and wanted further information about personal risk (93.2%) and risk management (93.6%). Strikingly, 56.3% preferred to receive information related only to positive outcomes. Urologists were the preferred source of information, but there was considerable interest in a multidisciplinary service approach significantly associated with the number of affected relatives (odds ratio = 1.94, P < .002). Partners' level of concern was not associated with interest in multidisciplinary services, satisfaction with information, or support received. CONCLUSIONS Delivering services to men at risk will require a multifaceted approach by primary care providers and specialists. Challenges include meeting men's expectations in the face of uncertain medical knowledge, engaging those at high risk in multidisciplinary services, and delivering tailored information to those at lower risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara L Gaff
- Genetic Health Services Victoria, Familial Cancer Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the review was to evaluate recent studies in the field of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynecology for new directions in research. RECENT FINDINGS Psychosomatic obstetrics and gynecology covers a wide canvas, and the present review shows extensive research in some areas and large gaps in others. There have been significant developments in the field of pregnancy-related psychiatric morbidity, particularly anxiety states and posttraumatic stress disorder; however, there is a need for better and more specific measurement and screening methods. Among gynecological conditions there have been advances in research on chronic pelvic pain and gynecological cancers, but most other gynecological conditions have been neglected. What is encouraging is the increasing amount of research from the developing world and the focus on common reproductive conditions based on community studies. In addition, in light of the recent findings and concerns related to hormone replacement therapy, research on mood disorders related to menopause is increasing, with refinement in measurements, definitions, and treatment methods. SUMMARY While studies on prevalence and risk factors abound, what is missing are well conducted intervention studies. The next phase of research should focus on preventive and intervention studies that are easily adaptable the world over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha S Chandra
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
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Peacock S, Apicella C, Andrews L, Tucker K, Bankier A, Daly MB, Hopper JL. A discrete choice experiment of preferences for genetic counselling among Jewish women seeking cancer genetics services. Br J Cancer 2007; 95:1448-53. [PMID: 17102813 PMCID: PMC2360609 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine which aspects of breast cancer genetic counselling are important to Ashkenazi Jewish women, a discrete choice experiment was conducted. Participants consisted of 339 Australian Ashkenazi Jewish women who provided a blood sample for research used to test for Ashkenazi Jewish ancestral mutations in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, and were offered their genetic test result through a cancer genetics service. Main outcome measures were women's preferences for, and trade-offs between, the genetic counselling aspects of providing cancer, gene, and risk information (information); giving advice about cancer surveillance (surveillance); preparing for genetic testing (preparation); and, assistance with decision-making (direction). Respondents most valued information, about twice as much as advice about surveillance, four times as much as preparation for testing, and nine times as much as assistance with decision-making, which was least valued. Women's preferences were consistent with the major goals of genetic counselling, which include providing information and surveillance advice, and avoiding direction by facilitating autonomous decision-making. There were differences between the women in which aspects they most favoured, suggesting that counselling that elicits and responds to clients’ preferences is more likely to meet clients’ needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peacock
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Cancer Control Research, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, 5804 Fairview Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - C Apicella
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 2, 723 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
| | - L Andrews
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, High St, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - K Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, High St, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - A Bankier
- Genetic Health Services Victoria, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - M B Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA
| | - J L Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 2, 723 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
- E-mail:
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Abstract
Now that partial face transplantation has been performed, attention is focused on likely functional, aesthetic and immunological outcomes, and full facial transplantation is the likely next step. Facial transplantation has been the source of ethical debate, a key part of which focuses on valid informed consent. We review the process of informed consent in health settings, assessing how applicable the current standards are for facial transplantation. The factors which need to be assessed during the screening programme are outlined. We conclude that both individual and process factors are important in obtaining consent for radical new procedures, and outline our own gold standard for ensuring informed consent in facial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Renshaw
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
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Antill YC, Reynolds J, Young MA, Kirk JA, Tucker KM, Bogtstra TL, Wong SS, Dudding TE, Di Iulio JL, Phillips KA. Screening behavior in women at increased familial risk for breast cancer. Fam Cancer 2006; 5:359-68. [PMID: 16817030 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-006-0006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This multicenter study examined the adherence of high-risk women to screening recommendations for breast and ovarian cancer following consultation at a familial cancer clinic (FCC). Self-report questionnaires assessing recall of screening advice, tests undertaken, risk perception, anxiety (Impact of Events Scale) and demographics were mailed to 396 consecutive eligible women who had attended one of six FCCs a median of 3.6 years prior. Family history, genetic test results and screening recommendations were abstracted from medical records. 182/266 (68.4%) women responded with 130 lost to follow-up. The proportions of women undertaking at least the recommended frequency of screening tests were: breast self examination (BSE) 50.4%, clinical breast examination (CBE) 66.0%, mammography 82.2%, transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) 70.0%, CA125 84.0%. Factors associated with adherence to screening were: higher anxiety for BSE and CBE, being BRCA1/2 positive for CBE, older age, method of arrangement and having at least one affected first degree relative for mammography. Factors significantly associated with over-adherence were higher scores for anxiety for BSE and CBE and younger age (< 40 years) for TVUS. Between 41.3% (BSE) and 57.6% (CBE) of women incorrectly recalled their screening recommendations. A substantial minority of high-risk women do not adhere to screening advice. Strategies to improve the accuracy of recall of recommendations and the uptake of recommended screening are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoland C Antill
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, Melbourne, Victoria, 8006, Australia
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