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Mohamed SMA, Schofield P, McCalmont H, Moles E, Friedrich KH, Kavallaris M, Christ D, Bayat N, Lock RB. An antibody fragment-decorated liposomal conjugate targets Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127596. [PMID: 37898250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is an aggressive B-ALL malignancy associated with high rates of relapse and inferior survival rate. While targeted treatments against the cell surface proteins CD22 or CD19 have been transformative in the treatment of refractory B-ALL, patients may relapse due to antigen loss, necessitating targeting alternative antigens. Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) is overexpressed in half of Ph-like ALL cases conferring chemoresistance and enhancement of leukemia cell survival. Therefore, targeting CRLF2 may reduce the likelihood of relapse associated with antigen loss. We developed a CRLF2-targeting single-chain variable fragment modified by the fragment crystallizable region (CRLF2 scFv-Fc) conjugated to a drug maytansinoid 1 (DM1)-DOPC liposomal conjugate, creating homogeneous CRLF2-targeted liposomes (CRLF2-DM1 LIP). Cellular association and internalization studies in a Ph-like ALL cell line, MHH-CALL-4, compared to its lentivirally transduced CRLF2-knockdown counterpart (KD-CALL-4) revealed excellent CRLF2-targeting efficiency of CRLF2-DM1 LIP. Moreover, CRLF2-DM1 LIP showed selective association and internalization ex vivo using Ph-like ALL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells with minimal reactivity with non-target cells. Cell apoptosis assays demonstrated the CRLF2-dependent potency of CRLF2-DM1 LIP in Ph-like ALL cell lines. This study is the first to highlight the therapeutic potential of a CRLF2-directed scFv-Fc-liposomal conjugate for targeting Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M A Mohamed
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Peter Schofield
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah McCalmont
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ernest Moles
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Narges Bayat
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Khademi R, Mohammadi Z, Khademi R, Saghazadeh A, Rezaei N. Nanotechnology-based diagnostics and therapeutics in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review of preclinical studies. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:571-595. [PMID: 36756502 PMCID: PMC9890594 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00483f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Leukemia is a malignant disease that threatens human health and life. Nano-delivery systems improve drug solubility, bioavailability, and blood circulation time, and release drugs selectively at desired sites using targeting or sensing strategies. As drug carriers, they could improve therapeutic outcomes while reducing systemic toxicity. They have also shown promise in improving leukemia detection and diagnosis. The study aimed to assess the potential of nanotechnology-based diagnostics and therapeutics in preclinical human acute lymphoblastic leukemia (h-ALL). Methods: We performed a systematic search through April 2022. Articles written in English reporting the toxicity, efficacy, and safety of nanotechnology-based drugs (in the aspect of treatment) and specificity, limit of detection (LOD), or sensitivity (in the aspect of the detection field) in preclinical h-ALL were included. The study was performed according to PRISMA instructions. The methodological quality was assessed using the QualSyst tool. Results: A total of 63 original articles evaluating nanotechnology-based therapeutics and 35 original studies evaluating nanotechnology-based diagnostics were included in this review. As therapeutics in ALL, nanomaterials offer controlled release, targeting or sensing ligands, targeted gene therapy, photodynamic therapy and photothermic therapy, and reversal of multidrug-resistant ALL. A narrative synthesis of studies revealed that nanoparticles improve the ratio of efficacy to the toxicity of anti-leukemic drugs. They have also been developed as a vehicle for biomolecules (such as antibodies) that can help detect and monitor leukemic biomarkers. Therefore, nanomaterials can help with early diagnostics and personalized treatment of ALL. Conclusion: This review discussed nanotechnology-based preclinical strategies to achieve ALL diagnosis and therapy advancement. This involves modern drug delivery apparatuses and detection devices for prompt and targeted disease diagnostics. Nonetheless, we are yet in the experimental phase and investigational stage in the field of nanomedicine, with many features remained to be discovered as well as numerous problems to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Khademi
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (Immuno_TACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Radiological Technology Department of Actually Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Babol Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (Immuno_TACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
| | - Amene Saghazadeh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd Tehran 14194 Iran +98-21-6692-9235 +98-21-6692-9234
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd Tehran 14194 Iran +98-21-6692-9235 +98-21-6692-9234
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Mohamed SMA, Wohlmann A, Schofield P, Sia KCS, McCalmont H, Savvides SN, Verstraete K, Kavallaris M, Christ D, Friedrich KH, Bayat N, Lock RB. A recombinant antibody fragment directed to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor (CRLF2) efficiently targets pediatric Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:214-223. [PMID: 34481852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibody fragments are promising building blocks for developing targeted therapeutics, thus improving treatment efficacy while minimising off-target toxicity. Despite recent advances in targeted therapeutics, patients with Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL), a high-risk malignancy, lack specific and effective targeted treatments. Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) is overexpressed in 50% of Ph-like ALL cases, conferring the survival of leukemia blasts through activation of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. Targeting such a vital cell-surface protein could result in potent anti-leukaemic efficacy and reduce the likelihood of relapse associated with antigen loss. Herein, we developed a novel single-chain variable fragment (scFv) against CRLF2 based on a monoclonal antibody raised against the recombinant extracellular domain of human TSLPRα chain. The scFv fragment demonstrated excellent binding affinity with CRLF2 protein in the nanomolar range. Cellular association studies in vitro using an inducible CRLF2 knockdown cell line and ex vivo using patient-derived xenografts revealed the selective association of the scFv with CRLF2. The fragment exhibited significant receptor antagonistic effects on STAT5 signalling, suggesting possible therapeutic implications in vivo. This study is the first to describe the potential use of a novel scFv for targeting Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M A Mohamed
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andreas Wohlmann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Schofield
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Keith C S Sia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah McCalmont
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Narges Bayat
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.; University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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Sia KCS, Zhong L, Mayoh C, Norris MD, Haber M, Marshall GM, Raftery MJ, Lock RB. Targeting TSLP-Induced Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Pathways in CRLF2-Rearranged Ph-like ALL. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1767-1776. [PMID: 32801162 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Philadelphia (Ph)-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by aberrant activation of signaling pathways and high risk of relapse. Approximately 50% of Ph-like ALL cases overexpress cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) associated with gene rearrangement. Activated by its ligand thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), CRLF2 signaling is critical for the development, proliferation, and survival of normal lymphocytes. To examine activation of tyrosine kinases regulated by TSLP/CRLF2, phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr) profiling coupled with stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) was conducted using two CRLF2-rearranged (CRLF2r) Ph-like ALL cell lines stimulated with TSLP. As a result, increased P-Tyr was detected in previously reported TSLP-activated tyrosine kinases and substrates, including JAK1, JAK2, STAT5, and ERK1/2. Interestingly, TSLP also increased P-Tyr of insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), both of which can be targeted with small-molecule inhibitors. Fixed-ratio combination cytotoxicity assays using the tyrosine kinase inhibitors BMS-754807 and ponatinib that target IGF1R and FGFR1, respectively, revealed strong synergy against both cell line and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of CRLF2r Ph-like ALL. Further analyses also indicated off-target effects of ponatinib in the synergy, and novel association of the Ras-associated protein-1 (Rap1) signaling pathway with TSLP signaling in CRLF2r Ph-like ALL. When tested in vivo, the BMS-754807/ponatinib combination exerted minimal efficacy against 2 Ph-like ALL PDXs, associated with low achievable plasma drug concentrations. Although this study identified potential new targets in CRLF2r Ph-like ALL, it also highlights that in vivo validation of synergistic drug interactions is essential. IMPLICATION: Quantitative phosphotyrosine profiling identified potential therapeutic targets for high-risk CRLF2-rearranged Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith C S Sia
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ling Zhong
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Mark J Raftery
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Jiang M, Zou X, Lu L. Potential efficacy and prognosis of silencing the CRLF2‑mediated AKT/mTOR pathway in pediatric acute B‑cell lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:885-894. [PMID: 30535452 PMCID: PMC6312959 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a common type of blood cancer, which is associated with aberrant gene expression. Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) serves a crucial role in the growth and allergic and inflammatory responses of dendritic cells and T cells. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential therapeutic and prognostic effect of silencing the CRLF2-mediated RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT)/serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (mTOR) pathway in B-ALL. In our study, bone marrow specimens were collected from 128 children with B-ALL and 26 healthy children. The expression of CRLF2 in bone marrow tissue was detected using immunohistochemistry. The survival rates were compared among the children with high and low CRLF2 expression levels. BaF3 leukemia cells were treated with CRLF2 short hairpin RNA knockdown and/or the AKT/mTOR pathway specific inhibitor LY294002. mRNA and protein expression associated with CRLF2 and the AKT/mTOR pathway in each group was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting. The viability of BaF3 cells in all the groups was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay; the migration and invasion of BaF3 cells were determined by wound healing and Transwell invasion assays; and the sensitivity of BaF3 cells to the chemotherapeutic drug imatinib was detected using flow cytometry. The results demonstrated that CRLF2 overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis in B-ALL, and the CRLF2/AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in the migration, invasion and chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis of BaF3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Tongmin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Zou
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei 443003, P.R. China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Tongmin Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
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Tatar AS, Nagy-Simon T, Tomuleasa C, Boca S, Astilean S. Nanomedicine approaches in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Control Release 2016; 238:123-138. [PMID: 27460684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the malignancy with the highest incidence amongst children (26% of all cancer cases), being surpassed only by the cancers of the brain and of the nervous system. The most recent research on ALL is focusing on new molecular therapies, like targeting specific biological structures in key points in the cell cycle, or using selective inhibitors for transmembranary proteins involved in cell signalling, and even aiming cell surface receptors with specifically designed antibodies for active targeting. Nanomedicine approaches, especially by the use of nanoparticle-based compounds for the delivery of drugs, cancer diagnosis or therapeutics may represent new and modern ways in the near future anti-cancer therapies. This review offers an overview on the recent role of nanomedicine in the detection and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia as resulting from a thorough literature survey. A short introduction on the basics of ALL is presented followed by the description of the conventional methods used in the ALL detection and treatment. We follow our discussion by introducing some of the general nano-strategies used for cancer detection and treatment. The detailed role of organic and inorganic nanoparticles in ALL applications is further presented, with a special focus on gold nanoparticle-based nanocarriers of antileukemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra-Sorina Tatar
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Timea Nagy-Simon
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Bul. 21 Decembrie 1918 Nr 73, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sanda Boca
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Simion Astilean
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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