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Mu Y, Zhou W, Zhang X, Zhang F, Liu Y. The role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the management of perinatal tuberculosis: a case report. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2210731. [PMID: 37158067 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2210731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal tuberculosis is a rare disease with high mortality and a challenging diagnosis. We reported a 56-day-old female infant with cough and wheezing. Her mother had miliary tuberculosis. Gastric aspirate smear, tuberculin skin test, blood and sputum culture of the infant were negative. Thoracic computed tomography demonstrated several consolidated patches with diffuse high-density nodular opacities in bilateral lungs. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed to obtain bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, reduce secretion and restore airway patency on 2 days after admission. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Xpert MTB/RIF and rifampicin resistance was negative on 3 days after admission. Appropriate anti-tuberculosis drug was chosen. The infant made a good recovery. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy plays a vital role in diagnosing rapidly and treating perinatal tuberculosis. And it could be promoted as an important approach to the management of perinatal tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mu
- Department of Neonatology, Tianjin Children's Hospital/Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Tianjin Children's Hospital/Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Tianjin Children's Hospital/Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Tianjin Children's Hospital/Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Tianjin Children's Hospital/Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Lin Y, Zhao HF, Xue MH, Xie BJ, Zeng LC, Jiang X. Ultra-slim flexible bronchoscopy-guided topical hemostatic drugs administration for the management of life-threatening refractory pulmonary hemorrhage in a preterm infant: Case report. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:981006. [PMID: 36330371 PMCID: PMC9623275 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.981006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a rare acute catastrophic event with high mortality among neonates, especially preterm infants. Primary treatments included pulmonary surfactant, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, epinephrine, coagulopathy management, and intermittent positive pressure ventilation. However, there are still challenges in diagnosing and treating refractory or focal pulmonary hemorrhages. Ultra-slim bronchoscopy has been widely used in the field of critically ill children and is increasingly being done in neonates with critical respiratory disease in recent years. In this study, we report a case with refractory pulmonary hemorrhage in premature infants, which was finally diagnosed as localized hemorrhage in the upper left lobe and cured by ultra-slim bronchoscopy-guided topical hemostatic drug administration. Bronchoscopy is an optional, safe, and practicable technique for early diagnosis and direct injection therapy of neonatal PH in managing life-threatening PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Fang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Hua Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bing-Jie Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling-Chao Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ke LQ, Shi MJ, Zhang FZ, Wu HJ, Wu L, Tang LF. The clinical application of flexible bronchoscopy in a neonatal intensive care unit. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:946579. [PMID: 36299699 PMCID: PMC9589043 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.946579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Flexible bronchoscopy is widely used in infants and it plays a crucial role. The aim of this study was to investigate the value and clinical safety of flexible bronchoscopy in a neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 116 neonates who underwent flexible bronchoscopy and the outcomes of 147 procedures. A correlation analysis was performed on the relationship between flexible bronchoscopy findings, microscopic indications, and clinical disease. RESULTS The 147 procedures performed were due to the following reasons: problems related to artificial airways, 58 cases (39.45%); upper respiratory problems, 60 cases (40.81%) (recurrent dyspnea, 23 cases; upper airway obstruction, 17 cases; recurrent stridor, 14 cases; and hoarseness, six cases), lower respiratory problems, 51 cases (34.69%) (persistent pneumonia, 21 cases; suspicious airway anatomical disease, 21 cases; recurrent atelectasis, eight cases; and pneumorrhagia, one case), feeding difficulty three cases (2.04%). The 147 endoscopic examinations were performed for the following reasons: pathological changes, 141 cases (95.92%); laryngomalacia, 78 cases (53.06%); mucosal inflammation/secretions, 64 cases (43.54%); vocal cord paralysis, 29 cases (19.72%); trachea/bronchus stenosis, 17 cases (11.56%) [five cases of congenital annular constriction of the trachea, seven cases of left main tracheal stenosis, one case of the right middle bronchial stenosis, two cases of tracheal compression, and two cases of congenital tracheal stenosis]; subglottic lesions, 15 cases (10.20%) [eight cases of subglottic granulation tissue, six cases of subglottic stenosis, one cases of subglottic hemangioma]; tracheomalacia, 14 cases (9.52%); laryngeal edema, five cases (3.40%); tracheoesophageal fistula, four cases (2.72%); rhinostenosis, three cases (2.04%); tracheal bronchus, three cases (2.04%); glossoptosis, two cases (1.36%); laryngeal cyst, two cases (1.36%); laryngeal cleft, two cases (1.36%); tongue base cysts, one case (0.68%); and pneumorrhagia, one case (0.68%). Complications were rare and mild. CONCLUSION Flexible bronchoscopy is safe and effective for diagnosing and differentiating neonatal respiratory disorders in neonatal intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Ke
- Department of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Endoscopy Center, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-Jie Shi
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pediatric, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Zhou Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hu-Jun Wu
- Department of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Endoscopy Center, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan-Fang Tang
- Department of Pulmonology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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