1
|
Sogawa K, Kobayashi K, Kikkawa S, Takano S, Yoshitomi H, Takizawa H, Ohtsuka M, Shimizu H, Furuhata K, Miyazaki M, Yokosuka O, Nomura F. Development of a sandwich ELISA for the thrombin light chain identified by serum proteome analysis. Pract Lab Med 2017; 8:34-40. [PMID: 28856225 PMCID: PMC5575372 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified novel biomarker candidates in biliary tract cancer (BTC) using serum proteome analysis. Among several candidates, we focused on thrombin light chain which is a 4204 Da peptide as the most promising biomarker for BTC. To move thrombin light chain toward potential diagnostic use, we developed an enzyme immunoassay that enables to measure serum thrombin light chain levels. Both one monoclonal antibody specific to the N-termini and one polyclonal antibody were used to develop a sandwich ELISA for thrombin light chain. The assay was evaluated by comparing the results with those obtained by the ClinProt™ system. Serum samples were obtained from 20 patients with BTC, 20 patients with BBTDs and 20 HVs using the ClinProt™ system and ELISA. The results of the established ELISA showed a positive correlation with the findings by ClinProt™ system (slope=0.3386, intercept=34.901, r2=0.9641). The performance of the ELISA was satisfactory in terms of recovery (97.9–102.5%) and within-run (1.5–4.8%) and between-day (1.9–6.7%) reproducibility. Serum thrombin light chain levels were significantly greater in BTC (176.5±47.2 ng/mL) than in BBTDs (128.6±17.4 ng/mL) and HVs (127.6±16.0 ng/mL) (p<0.001). The sandwich ELISA developed in this study will be useful for validation of the diagnostic significance of serum thrombin light chain levels in various cancers. We previously identified novel biomarker candidates in biliary tract cancer (BTC) using serum proteome analysis. Among several candidates, we focused on thrombin light chain which is a 4204 Da peptide as the most promising biomarker for BTC. Both one monoclonal antibody specific to the N-termini and one polyclonal antibody were used to develop a sandwich ELISA for thrombin light chain. The performance of the ELISA was satisfactory in terms of recovery (97.9–102.5%) and within-run (1.5–4.8%) and between-day (1.9–6.7%) reproducibility. Serum thrombin light chain levels were significantly greater in BTC (176.5±47.2 ng/mL) than in BBTDs (128.6±17.4 ng/mL) and HVs (127.6±16.0 ng/mL) (p<0.001). The sandwich ELISA developed in this study will be useful for validation of the diagnostic significance of serum thrombin light chain levels in various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Sogawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kana Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kikkawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shigetsugu Takano
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Kashiwado Clinic in Port-Square, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, 1-35 Tonyachou, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-0025, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohtsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimizu
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Katsunori Furuhata
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Masaru Miyazaki
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Divisions of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marfà S, Jimenez W. Fibrinogen α-Chain as a Serum Marker of Liver Disease. BIOMARKERS IN DISEASE: METHODS, DISCOVERIES AND APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMCID: PMC7123997 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7675-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the hepatic response to an insult characterized by an accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. If the underlying cause is not treated or eliminated, the disease can progress and may lead to several clinical complications including hepatocellular carcinoma or even death. Thus, detection, staging, and follow-up of liver fibrosis are the main issues in the prognosis and treatment of patients with chronic liver disease. In recent years, new advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology and protein fractionation techniques have improved protein identification as well as protein quantification in many different samples and diseases including liver fibrosis. In particular, the fibrinogen α chain and more specifically the serum levels of the 5.9 kDa fragment of fibrinogen α C-chain have shown to be altered in several hepatic etiologies. In fact, these results have been reproduced by different laboratories, and recently a marked downregulation of this protein fragment has also been described in the initial stages of liver fibrosis. In this chapter, we have described the potential role of fibrinogen α chain and particularly the 5.9 kDa fragment of fibrinogen α C-chain as a circulating marker of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kikuchi W, Nishimura M, Kuga T, Tsuchida S, Saito T, Satoh M, Noda K, Kodera Y, Tomonaga T, Nomura F. Fibrinogen alpha C chain 5.9 kDa fragment (FIC5.9), a biomarker for various pathological conditions, is produced in post-blood collection by fibrinolysis and coagulation factors. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:27. [PMID: 27761105 PMCID: PMC5055723 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen alpha C chain 5.9 kDa fragment (FIC5.9) is a new serum biomarker for chronic hepatitis that was discovered by proteomics analysis. Previous studies have shown that FIC5.9 is derived from the C-terminal region of fibrinogen alpha chain and the serum levels of FIC5.9 decrease in chronic hepatitis. It also have been reported that FIC5.9 cannot be detected in the blood stream of the systemic circulation and it is released from fibrinogen during blood clotting in collecting tube. However, the mechanism of FIC5.9 releasing from fibrinogen is unclear. METHODS We formulated a hypothesis that FIC5.9 is released by enzymes that are activated by post-blood collection and may be coagulation and fibrinolysis factors. In this study, we analyzed the mechanisms of FIC5.9 releasing from fibrinogen in healthy blood. RESULTS Our analysis showed that thrombin acts as an initiator for FIC5.9 releasing, and that mainly plasmin cleaves N-terminal end of FIC5.9 and neutrophil elastase cleave C-terminal end of FIC5.9. CONCLUSION FIC5.9 reflects minute changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis factors and may be associated with pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- R&D Department, Nittobo Medical Co., Ltd., Koriyama, Japan
| | - Motoi Nishimura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kuga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sachio Tsuchida
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Saito
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Noda
- R&D Department, Nittobo Medical Co., Ltd., Koriyama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kodera
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomonaga
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sogawa K, Noda K, Umemura H, Seimiya M, Kuga T, Tomonaga T, Nishimura M, Kanai F, Imazeki F, Takizawa H, Yoneda M, Nakajima A, Tsutsumi M, Yokosuka O, Nomura F. Serum fibrinogen alpha C-chain 5.9 kDa fragment as a biomarker for early detection of hepatic fibrosis related to hepatitis C virus. Proteomics Clin Appl 2013; 7:424-31. [PMID: 23382097 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical application of biomarker candidates discovered by proteomic analysis is challenging. The purpose of this study was to standardize preanalytical conditions for measurement of serum levels of fibrinogen alpha C-chain 5.9 kDa fragment (FIC 5.9) and to test the diagnostic value of this peptide for detection of early hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic hepatitis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Serum FIC 5.9 levels were measured by a sandwich ELISA. Effects on the serum FIC 5.9 level of temperature, the time between venipuncture and serum separation, and the types of collection tubes used were examined. The diagnostic value of serum FIC 5.9 as an early indicator of hepatic fibrosis due to HCV was then assessed. RESULTS FIC 5.9 was produced in a time- and temperature-dependent manner after venipuncture. Abnormal FIC 5.9 values were found in 89.5% of FI stage patients. Receiver operating characteristic analyses confirmed the superiority of FIC 5.9 over other conventional markers for early detection of fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The serum FIC 5.9 level may be an early indicator of hepatic fibrosis in HCV-related chronic liver diseases. This study provides an example of a pipeline from biomarker discovery by proteome analysis to assay optimization and preliminary clinical validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Sogawa
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|