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Sjöholm H, Hägg S, Nyberg L, Lind J, Kammerlind AS. Exploring possible risk factors for time to first fall and 6-month fall incidence in persons with acute stroke. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221088093. [PMID: 35387151 PMCID: PMC8977710 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221088093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim was to explore how the time to the first fall and 6-month fall incidence relates to rapidly and easily collected data in persons with acute stroke. Methods: Out of consecutively admitted patients with stroke at three stroke units, 284 with at least one follow-up were included in this prospective cohort study. During 6 months following discharge, participants reported falls using a diary and monthly phone calls. Data about participants’ characteristics, functions, and activities were collected during hospital stay and analyzed in relation to time to first fall by Cox regression and fall incidence by negative binomial regression. Results: Use of ⩾9 medications, paresis in arms, paresis in legs (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), impaired protective reactions in sitting (Postural Reactions Test), and limitations in self-care (Barthel Index) were decisive risk factors for time to first fall. Limitations in mobility (Step Test, 30-s Chair Stand Test) were decisive risk factors for high fall incidence (p < 0.0005). Conclusion: Several easily collected participant characteristics, functions, and activities were identified as risk factors for falls. The findings emphasize the width of assessments that can be used for the identification of individuals at risk for falls and that the risk factors vary in different strata of the population. These results are important when developing multivariate risk models. The risk factors differed in part when analyzing the time to the first fall and 6-month fall incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Sjöholm
- Rehabilitation Center in Jönköping, Region Jönköping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Staffan Hägg
- Futurum, Region Jönköping County, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Health, Learning and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jonas Lind
- Department of Internal Medicine in Jönköping, Region Jönköping County, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofi Kammerlind
- Futurum, Region Jönköping County, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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