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Vitharana S, Stillahn JM, Katayama DS, Henry CS, Manning MC. Application of Formulation Principles to Stability Issues Encountered During Processing, Manufacturing, and Storage of Drug Substance and Drug Product Protein Therapeutics. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2724-2751. [PMID: 37572779 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of formulation and stabilization of protein therapeutics has become rather extensive. However, most of the focus has been on stabilization of the final drug product. Yet, proteins experience stress and degradation through the manufacturing process, starting with fermentaition. This review describes how formulation principles can be applied to stabilize biopharmaceutical proteins during bioprocessing and manufacturing, considering each unit operation involved in prepration of the drug substance. In addition, the impact of the container on stabilty is discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua M Stillahn
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO 80534, USA; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO 80534, USA; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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2
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Fang J. Predicting thermostability difference between cellular protein orthologs. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad504. [PMID: 37572303 PMCID: PMC10457660 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Protein thermostability is of great interest, both in theory and in practice. RESULTS This study compared orthologous proteins with different cellular thermostability. A large number of physicochemical properties of protein were calculated and used to develop a series of machine learning models for predicting cellular thermostability differences between orthologous proteins. Most of the important features in these models are also highly correlated to relative cellular thermostability. A comparison between the present study with previous comparison of orthologous proteins from thermophilic and mesophilic organisms found that most highly correlated features are consistent in these studies, suggesting they may be important to protein thermostability. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Data freely available for download at https://github.com/fangj3/cellular-protein-thermostability-dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Fang
- Computational & Systems Biology Branch, Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
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3
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Lawson KE, Evans MN, Dekle JK, Adamczyk AJ. Computing the Differences between Asn-X and Gln-X Deamidation and Their Impact on Pharmaceutical and Physiological Proteins: A Theoretical Investigation Using Model Dipeptides. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:57-70. [PMID: 36549007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein deamidation is a degradation mechanism that significantly impacts both pharmaceutical and physiological proteins. Deamidation impacts two amino acids, Asn and Gln, where the net neutral residues are converted into their acidic forms. While there are multiple similarities between the reaction mechanisms of the two residues, the impact of Gln deamidation has been noted to be most significant on physiological proteins while Asn deamidation has been linked to both pharmaceutical and physiological proteins. For this purpose, we sought to analyze the thermochemical and kinetic properties of the different reactions of Gln deamidation relative to Asn deamidation. In this study, we mapped the deamidation of Gln-X dipeptides into Glu-X dipeptides using density functional theory (DFT). Full network mapping facilitated the prediction of reaction selectivity between the two primary pathways, as well as between the two products of Gln-X deamidation as a function of solvent dielectric. To achieve this analysis, we studied a total of 77 dipeptide reactions per solvent dielectric (308 total reactions). Modeled at a neutral pH and using quantum chemical and statistical thermodynamic methods, we computed the following values: enthalpy of reaction (ΔHRXN), entropy (ΔSRXN), Gibbs free energy of reaction (ΔGRXN), activation energy (EA), and the Arrhenius preexponential factor (log(A)) for each dipeptide. Additionally, using chemical reaction principles, we generated a database of computed rate coefficients for all possible N-terminus Gln-X deamidation reactions at a neutral pH, predicted the most likely deamidation reaction mechanism for each dipeptide reaction, analyzed our results against our prior study on Asn-X deamidation, and matched our results against qualitative trends previously noted by experimental literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Lawson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama36830, United States
| | - Megan N Evans
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama36830, United States
| | - Joseph K Dekle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama36830, United States
| | - Andrew J Adamczyk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama36830, United States
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4
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Characterization of a novel end product tolerant and thermostable cellulase from Neobacillus sedimentimangrovi UE25. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 162:110133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Wang H, Li H, Lee CK, Mat Nanyan NS, Tay GS. Recent Advances in the Enzymatic Synthesis of Polyester. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235059. [PMID: 36501454 PMCID: PMC9740404 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyester is a kind of polymer composed of ester bond-linked polybasic acids and polyol. This type of polymer has a wide range of applications in various industries, such as automotive, furniture, coatings, packaging, and biomedical. The traditional process of synthesizing polyester mainly uses metal catalyst polymerization under high-temperature. This condition may have problems with metal residue and undesired side reactions. As an alternative, enzyme-catalyzed polymerization is evolving rapidly due to the metal-free residue, satisfactory biocompatibility, and mild reaction conditions. This article presented the reaction modes of enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization and enzyme-catalyzed polycondensation and their combinations, respectively. In addition, the article also summarized how lipase-catalyzed the polymerization of polyester, which includes (i) the distinctive features of lipase, (ii) the lipase-catalyzed polymerization and its mechanism, and (iii) the lipase stability under organic solvent and high-temperature conditions. In addition, this article also focused on the advantages and disadvantages of enzyme-catalyzed polyester synthesis under different solvent systems, including organic solvent systems, solvent-free systems, and green solvent systems. The challenges of enzyme optimization and process equipment innovation for further industrialization of enzyme-catalyzed polyester synthesis were also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
| | - Hongpeng Li
- Tangshan Jinlihai Biodiesel Co. Ltd., Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Chee Keong Lee
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
| | - Noreen Suliani Mat Nanyan
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
| | - Guan Seng Tay
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Lawson KE, Dekle JK, Evans MN, Adamczyk AJ. Deamidation reaction network mapping of pharmacologic and related proteins: impact of solvation dielectric on the degradation energetics of asparagine dipeptides. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Asn-X deamidation pathways in the FV region of the monoclonal antibody (mAb).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph K. Dekle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Megan N. Evans
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Pedersen CP, Seiffert P, Brakti I, Bugge K. Production of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins for Biophysical Studies: Tips and Tricks. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2020; 2141:195-209. [PMID: 32696358 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0524-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) have no single, fixed tertiary structure, yet they take on many vital functions in biology. In recent years, considerable effort has been put into the structural characterization of their conformational ensembles, to understand the link between the transient, short- and long-range organizations of IDPs and their functions. Such biophysical studies require substantial amounts of pure protein, representing a major bottleneck in the studies of IDPs. However, the unique physicochemical properties resulting from their compositional bias may be exploited for simple yet effective purification strategies. In this chapter, we provide tips and tricks for IDP production and describe the most important analyses to carry out before bringing an IDP of interest to the laboratory. We outline four purification protocols utilizing the unique properties of IDPs as well as some commonly encountered challenges and pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Parsbæk Pedersen
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Pernille Seiffert
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Inna Brakti
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Katrine Bugge
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Surface residues serine 69 and arginine 194 of metagenome-derived lipase influence catalytic activity. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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In silico Approach to Elucidate Factors Associated with GH1 β-Glucosidase Thermostability. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.4.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Zarkar N, Khalili MAN, Ahmadpour F, Khodadadi S, Zeinoddini M. In Silico and in Vitro Evaluation of Deamidation Effects on the Stability of the Fusion Toxin DAB389IL-2. CURR PROTEOMICS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164616666190131150033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:
DAB389IL-2 (Denileukin diftitox) as an immunotoxin is a targeted pharmaceutical
protein and is the first immunotoxin approved by FDA. It is used for the treatment of various
kinds of cancer such as CTCL lymphoma, melanoma, and Leukemia but among all of these, treatment
of CTCL has special importance. DAB389IL-2 consists of two distinct parts; the catalytic domain of
Diphtheria Toxin (DT) that genetically fused to the whole IL-2. Deamidation is the most important reaction
for chemical instability of proteins occurs during manufacture and storage. Deamidation of asparagine
residues occurs at a higher rate than glutamine residues. The structure of proteins, temperature
and pH are the most important factors that influence the rate of deamidation.
Methods:
Since there is not any information about deamidation of DAB389IL-2, we studied in silico
deamidation by Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations using GROMACS software. The 3D model of
fusion protein DAB389IL-2 was used as a template for deamidation. Then, the stability of deamidated
and native form of the drug was calculated.
Results:
The results of MD simulations were showed that the deamidated form of DAB389IL-2 is more
unstable than the normal form. Also, deamidation was carried by incubating DAB389IL-2, 0.3 mg/ml in
ammonium hydrogen carbonate for 24 h at 37o C in order to in vitro experiment.
Conclusion:
The results of in vitro experiment were confirmed outcomes of in silico study. In silico
and in vitro experiments were demonstrated that DAB389IL-2 is unstable in deamidated form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Zarkar
- Department of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fathollah Ahmadpour
- Trauma Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirus Khodadadi
- Department of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zeinoddini
- Department of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Chung S, Tian J, Tan Z, Chen J, Lee J, Borys M, Li ZJ. Industrial bioprocessing perspectives on managing therapeutic protein charge variant profiles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Northeastern University; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Jun Tian
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zhijun Tan
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Jie Chen
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Jongchan Lee
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Michael Borys
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
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Kuchibhotla B, Kola SR, Medicherla JV, Cherukuvada SV, Dhople VM, Nalam MR. Combinatorial Labeling Method for Improving Peptide Fragmentation in Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1216-1226. [PMID: 28349438 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Annotation of peptide sequence from tandem mass spectra constitutes the central step of mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Peptide mass spectra are obtained upon gas-phase fragmentation. Identification of the protein from a set of experimental peptide spectral matches is usually referred as protein inference. Occurrence and intensity of these fragment ions in the MS/MS spectra are dependent on many factors such as amino acid composition, peptide basicity, activation mode, protease, etc. Particularly, chemical derivatizations of peptides were known to alter their fragmentation. In this study, the influence of acetylation, guanidinylation, and their combination on peptide fragmentation was assessed initially on a lipase (LipA) from Bacillus subtilis followed by a bovine six protein mix digest. The dual modification resulted in improved fragment ion occurrence and intensity changes, and this resulted in the equivalent representation of b- and y-type fragment ions in an ion trap MS/MS spectrum. The improved representation has allowed us to accurately annotate the peptide sequences de novo. Dual labeling has significantly reduced the false positive protein identifications in standard bovine six peptide digest. Our study suggests that the combinatorial labeling of peptides is a useful method to validate protein identifications for high confidence protein inference. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanuramanand Kuchibhotla
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Sankara Rao Kola
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Jagannadham V Medicherla
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Swamy V Cherukuvada
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Vishnu M Dhople
- Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Interface Institute Genetics & Functional Genomics, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Madhusudhana Rao Nalam
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
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