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Baines C, Sargeant J, Fage CD, Pugh H, Alkhalaf LM, Challis GL, Oldham NJ. Native ESI-MS and Collision-Induced Unfolding (CIU) of the Complex between Bacterial Elongation Factor-Tu and the Antibiotic Enacyloxin IIa. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:1490-1496. [PMID: 38830009 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Collision-induced unfolding (CIU) of protein ions, monitored by ion mobility-mass spectrometry, can be used to assess the stability of their compact gas-phase fold and hence provide structural information. The bacterial elongation factor EF-Tu, a key protein for mRNA translation in prokaryotes and hence a promising antibiotic target, has been studied by CIU. The major [M + 12H]12+ ion of EF-Tu unfolded in collision with Ar atoms between 40 and 50 V, corresponding to an Elab energy of 480-500 eV. Binding of the cofactor analogue GDPNP and the antibiotic enacyloxin IIa stabilized the compact fold of EF-Tu, although dissociation of the latter from the complex diminished its stabilizing effect at higher collision energies. Molecular dynamics simulations of the [M + 12H]12+ EF-Tu ion showed similar qualitative behavior to the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Baines
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Sargeant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D Fage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Pugh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Lona M Alkhalaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory L Challis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Neil J Oldham
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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2
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Villafuerte-Vega RC, Li HW, Bergman AE, Slaney TR, Chennamsetty N, Chen G, Tao L, Ruotolo BT. Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry and Collision-Induced Unfolding Rapidly Characterize the Structural Polydispersity and Stability of an Fc-Fusion Protein. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10003-10012. [PMID: 38853531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Fc-fusion proteins are an emerging class of protein therapeutics that combine the properties of biological ligands with the unique properties of the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain of an immunoglobulin G (IgG). Due to their diverse higher-order structures (HOSs), Fc-fusion proteins remain challenging characterization targets within biopharmaceutical pipelines. While high-resolution biophysical tools are available for HOS characterization, they frequently demand extended time frames and substantial quantities of purified samples, rendering them impractical for swiftly screening candidate molecules. Herein, we describe the development of ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) and collision-induced unfolding (CIU) workflows that aim to fill this technology gap, where we focus on probing the HOS of a model Fc-Interleukin-10 (Fc-IL-10) fusion protein engineered using flexible glycine-serine linkers. We evaluate the ability of these techniques to probe the flexibility of Fc-IL-10 in the absence of bulk solvent relative to other proteins of similar size, as well as localize structural changes of low charge state Fc-IL-10 ions to specific Fc and IL-10 unfolding events during CIU. We subsequently apply these tools to probe the local effects of glycine-serine linkers on the HOS and stability of IL-10 homodimer, which is the biologically active form of IL-10. Our data reveals that Fc-IL-10 produces significantly more structural transitions during CIU and broader IM profiles when compared to a wide range of model proteins, indicative of its exceptional structural dynamism. Furthermore, we use a combination of enzymatic approaches to annotate these intricate CIU data and localize specific transitions to the unfolding of domains within Fc-IL-10. Finally, we detect a strong positive, quadratic relationship between average linker mass and fusion protein stability, suggesting a cooperative influence between glycine-serine linkers and overall fusion protein stability. This is the first reported study on the use of IM-MS and CIU to characterize HOS of Fc-fusion proteins, illustrating the practical applicability of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry W Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Addison E Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Thomas R Slaney
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Naresh Chennamsetty
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Guodong Chen
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Li Tao
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Brandon T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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3
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Liu FC, Cropley TC, Bleiholder C. Elucidating Structures of Protein Complexes by Collision-Induced Dissociation at Elevated Gas Pressures. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2247-2258. [PMID: 37729591 PMCID: PMC11162217 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Ion activation methods carried out at gas pressures compatible with ion mobility separations are not yet widely established. This limits the analytical utility of emerging tandem-ion mobility spectrometers that conduct multiple ion mobility separations in series. The present work investigates the applicability of collision-induced dissociation (CID) at 1 to 3 mbar in a tandem-trapped ion mobility spectrometer (tandem-TIMS) to study the architecture of protein complexes. We show that CID of the homotetrameric protein complexes streptavidin (53 kDa), neutravidin (60 kDa), and concanavalin A (110 kDa) provides access to all subunits of the investigated protein complexes, including structurally informative dimers. We report on an "atypical" dissociation pathway, which for concanavalin A proceeds via symmetric partitioning of the precursor charges and produces dimers with the same charge states that were previously reported from surface induced dissociation. Our data suggest a correlation between the formation of subunits by CID in tandem-TIMS/MS, their binding strengths in the native tetramer structures, and the applied activation voltage. Ion mobility spectra of in situ-generated subunits reveal a marked structural heterogeneity inconsistent with annealing into their most stable gas phase structures. Structural transitions are observed for in situ-generated subunits that resemble the transitions reported from collision-induced unfolding of natively folded proteins. These observations indicate that some aspects of the native precursor structure is preserved in the subunits generated from disassembly of the precursor complex. We rationalize our observations by an approximately 100-fold shorter activation time scale in comparison to traditional CID in a collision cell. Finally, the approach discussed here to conduct CID at elevated pressures appears generally applicable also for other types of tandem-ion mobility spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny C. Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Tyler C. Cropley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Christian Bleiholder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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4
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Nash S, Vachet RW. Gas-Phase Unfolding of Protein Complexes Distinguishes Conformational Isomers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22128-22139. [PMID: 36414315 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Proteins can adopt different conformational states that are important for their biological function and, in some cases, can be responsible for their dysfunction. The essential roles that proteins play in biological systems make distinguishing the structural differences between these conformational states both fundamentally and practically important. Here, we demonstrate that collision-induced unfolding (CIU), in combination with ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) measurements, distinguish subtly different conformational states for protein complexes. Using the open and closed states of the β-lactoglobulin (βLG) dimer as a model, we show that these two conformational isomers unfold during collisional activation to generate distinct states that are readily separated by IM-MS. Extensive molecular modeling of the CIU process reproduces the distinct unfolding intermediates and identifies the molecular details that explain why the two conformational states unfold in distinct ways. Strikingly, the open conformational state forms new electrostatic interactions upon collisional heating, while the closed state does not. These newly formed electrostatic interactions involve residues on the loop differentially positioned in the two βLG conformational isomers, highlighting that gas-phase unfolding pathways reflect aspects of solution structure. This combination of experiment and theory provides a path forward for distinguishing subtly different conformational isomers for protein complexes via gas-phase unfolding experiments. Our results also have implications for understanding how protein complexes dissociate in the gas phase, indicating that current models need to be refined to explain protein complex dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Nash
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 United States
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5
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Phetsanthad A, Li G, Jeon CK, Ruotolo BT, Li L. Comparing Selected-Ion Collision Induced Unfolding with All Ion Unfolding Methods for Comprehensive Protein Conformational Characterization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:944-951. [PMID: 35508074 PMCID: PMC9167759 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Structural analysis by native ion mobility-mass spectrometry provides a direct means to characterize protein interactions, stability, and other biophysical properties of disease-associated biomolecules. Such information is often extracted from collision-induced unfolding (CIU) experiments, performed by ramping a voltage used to accelerate ions entering a trap cell prior to an ion mobility separator. Traditionally, to simplify data analysis and achieve confident ion identification, precursor ion selection with a quadrupole is performed prior to collisional activation. Only one charge state can be selected at one time, leading to an imbalance between the total time required to survey CIU data across all protein charge states and the resulting structural analysis efficiency. Furthermore, the arbitrary selection of a single charge state can inherently bias CIU analyses. We herein aim to compare two conformation sampling methods for protein gas-phase unfolding: (1) traditional quadrupole selection-based CIU and (2) nontargeted, charge selection-free and shotgun workflow, all ion unfolding (AIU). Additionally, we provide a new data interpretation method that integrates across all charge states to project collisional cross section (CCS) data acquired over a range of activation voltages to produce a single unfolding fingerprint, regardless of charge state distributions. We find that AIU in combination with CCS accumulation across all charges offers an opportunity to maximize protein conformational information with minimal time cost, where additional benefits include (1) an improved signal-to-noise ratios for unfolding fingerprints and (2) a higher tolerance to charge state shifts induced by either operating parameters or other factors that affect protein ionization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Phetsanthad
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Gongyu Li
- Research Center for Analytical Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Corresponding authors: Prof. Dr. Gongyu Li, ; Prof. Dr. Lingjun Li,
| | - Chae Kyung Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brandon T. Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Corresponding authors: Prof. Dr. Gongyu Li, ; Prof. Dr. Lingjun Li,
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6
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Zhao B, Bian X, Zhuang X, Liu S, Liu Z, Song F. Screening apo-SOD1 conformation stabilizers from natural flavanones using native ion mobility mass spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy methods. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9251. [PMID: 34978114 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A large number of studies have shown that the production of aberrant and deleterious copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) species is closely related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, it is of great significance to screen effective inhibitors of misfolding and aggregation of SOD1 for treating ALS disease. METHODS The interaction between flavanone compounds with apo-SOD1was investigated using native electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry (native ESI-IM-MS). Binding affinities of ligands were compared using native MS, ESI-MS/MS, collision-induced unfolding, and competitive experiments. The effect of ligands on apo-SOD1 aggregation was investigated using the fluorescence spectroscopy method. RESULTS The results of MS showed that the binding affinity of liquiritin apioside was the strongest, better than the corresponding monosaccharide and aglycone, indicating that the presence and the number of glycosyl group are beneficial to enhance ligand affinity to protein. The results of fluorescence spectroscopy for inhibiting protein aggregation in vitro were consistent with the binding affinity. In addition, the results of the collision-induced unfolding indicated that liquiritin apioside can slow down the unfolding of the protein. Meanwhile, the results of competition experiment suggested that liquiritin apiosides share different binding sites with naringin and 5-fluorouridine, which are significant for the structural stability of SOD1. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the binding of liquiritin apioside can stabilize apo-SOD1 dimer and inhibit the aggregation of apo-SOD1, and illustrated that native ESI-IM-MS is a powerful tool for providing insight into investigating the structure-activity relationship between small molecules and protein, and screening protein conformation stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Muti-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinyu Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhuang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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7
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Sisley EK, Hale OJ, Styles IB, Cooper HJ. Native Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Ligand-Bound and Metal-Bound Proteins in Rat Brain. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2120-2128. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma K. Sisley
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Oliver J. Hale
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Iain B. Styles
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
- University of Nottingham, Midlands, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Helen J. Cooper
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
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8
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Zhou L, Wang D, Iftikhar M, Lu Y, Zhou M. Conformational changes and binding property of the periplasmic binding protein BtuF during vitamin B 12 transport revealed by collision-induced unfolding, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and molecular dynamic simulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:350-360. [PMID: 34303738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The periplasmic binding protein (PBP) BtuF plays a key role in transporting vitamin B12 from periplasm to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter BtuCD. Conformational changes of BtuF during transport can hardly be captured by traditional biophysical methods and the exact mechanism regarding B12 and BtuF recognition is still under debate. In the present work, conformational changes of BtuF upon B12 binding and release were investigated using hybrid approaches including collision-induced unfolding (CIU), hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It was found that B12 binding increased the stability of BtuF. In addition, fast exchange regions of BtuF were localized. Most importantly, midpoint of hinge helix in BtuF was found highly flexible, and binding of B12 proceed in a manner similar to the Venus flytrap mechanism. Our study therefore delineates a clear view of BtuF delivering B12, and demonstrated a hybrid approach encompassing MS and computer based methods that holds great potential to the probing of conformational dynamics of proteins in action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhou
- Institute of Bio-analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Defu Wang
- Institute of Bio-analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mehwish Iftikhar
- Institute of Bio-analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yinghong Lu
- Institute of Bio-analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Min Zhou
- Institute of Bio-analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
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9
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Al-Jabiry A, Palmer M, Langridge J, Bellamy-Carter J, Robinson D, Oldham NJ. Combined Chemical Modification and Collision Induced Unfolding Using Native Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Provides Insights into Protein Gas-Phase Structure. Chemistry 2021; 27:13783-13792. [PMID: 34289194 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Native mass spectrometry is now an important tool in structural biology. Thus, the nature of higher protein structure in the vacuum of the mass spectrometer is an area of significant interest. One of the major goals in the study of gas-phase protein structure is to elucidate the stabilising role of interactions at the level of individual amino acid residues. A strategy combining protein chemical modification together with collision induced unfolding (CIU) was developed and employed to probe the structure of compact protein ions produced by native electrospray ionisation. Tractable chemical modification was used to alter the properties of amino acid residues, and ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) utilised to monitor the extent of unfolding as a function of modification. From these data the importance of specific intramolecular interactions for the stability of compact gas-phase protein structure can be inferred. Using this approach, and aided by molecular dynamics simulations, an important stabilising interaction between K6 and H68 in the protein ubiquitin was identified, as was a contact between the N-terminus and E22 in a ubiquitin binding protein UBA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Al-Jabiry
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Martin Palmer
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, Cheshire, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - James Langridge
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, Cheshire, SK9 4AX, UK
| | | | - David Robinson
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Neil J Oldham
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Hammerschmid D, Germani F, Drusin SI, Fagnen C, Schuster CD, Hoogewijs D, Marti MA, Venien-Bryan C, Moens L, Van Doorslaer S, Sobott F, Dewilde S. Structural modeling of a novel membrane-bound globin-coupled sensor in Geobacter sulfurreducens. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1874-1888. [PMID: 33995893 PMCID: PMC8076648 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Globin-coupled sensors (GCS) usually consist of three domains: a sensor/globin, a linker, and a transmitter domain. The globin domain (GD), activated by ligand binding and/or redox change, induces an intramolecular signal transduction resulting in a response of the transmitter domain. Depending on the nature of the transmitter domain, GCSs can have different activities and functions, including adenylate and di-guanylate cyclase, histidine kinase activity, aerotaxis and/or oxygen sensing function. The gram-negative delta-proteobacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens expresses a protein with a GD covalently linked to a four transmembrane domain, classified, by sequence similarity, as GCS (GsGCS). While its GD is fully characterized, not so its transmembrane domain, which is rarely found in the globin superfamily. In the present work, GsGCS was characterized spectroscopically and by native ion mobility-mass spectrometry in combination with cryo-electron microscopy. Although lacking high resolution, the oligomeric state and the electron density map were valuable for further rational modeling of the full-length GsGCS structure. This model demonstrates that GsGCS forms a transmembrane domain-driven tetramer with minimal contact between the GDs and with the heme groups oriented outward. This organization makes an intramolecular signal transduction less likely. Our results, including the auto-oxidation rate and redox potential, suggest a potential role for GsGCS as redox sensor or in a membrane-bound e-/H+ transfer. As such, GsGCS might act as a player in connecting energy production to the oxidation of organic compounds and metal reduction. Database searches indicate that GDs linked to a four or seven helices transmembrane domain occur more frequently than expected.
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Key Words
- AfGcHK, Anaeromyxobacter sp. Fw109-5 GcHK
- AsFRMF, Ascaris suum FRMF-amide receptor
- AvGReg, Azotobacter vinilandii Greg
- BpGReg, Bordetella pertussis Greg
- BsHemAT, Bacillus subtilis HemAT
- CCS, collision cross section
- CIU, collision-induced unfolding
- CMC, critical micelle concentration
- CV, cyclic voltammetry
- CeGLB26, Caenorhabditis elegans globin 26
- CeGLB33, Caenorhabditis elegans globin 33
- CeGLB6, Caenorhabditis elegans globin 6
- DDM, n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside
- DPV, differential pulse voltammetry
- EcDosC, Escherichia coli Dos with DGC activity
- FMRF, H-Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 neuropeptide
- GCS, globin-coupled sensor
- GD, globin domain
- GGDEF, Gly-Gly-Asp-Glu-Phe motive
- Gb, globin
- Geobacter sulfurreducens
- GintHb, hemoglobin from Gasterophilus intestinalis
- Globin-coupled sensor
- GsGCS, Geobacter sulfurreducens GCS
- GsGCS162, GD of GsGCS
- IM-MS, ion mobility-mass spectrometry
- LmHemAC, Leishmania major HemAC
- MaPgb, Methanosarcina acetivorans protoglobin
- MtTrHbO, Mycobacterium tuberculosis truncated hemoglobin O
- NH4OAc, ammonium acetate
- OG, n-octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside
- PDE, phosphodiesterase
- PcMb, Physether catodon myoglobin
- PccGCS, Pectobacterium carotivorum GCS
- PsiE, phosphate-starvation-inducible E
- RR, resonance Raman
- SCE, saturated calomel electrode
- SHE, standard hydrogen electrode
- SaktrHb, Streptomyces avermitilis truncated hemoglobin-antibiotic monooxygenase
- SwMb, myoglobin from sperm whale
- TD, Transmitter domain
- TmD, Transmembrane domain
- Transmembrane domain
- Transmembrane-coupled globins
- mNgb, mouse neuroglobin
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Hammerschmid
- Proteinchemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Biomolecular & Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Francesca Germani
- Proteinchemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Salvador I. Drusin
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Charline Fagnen
- Sorbonne Université, UMR 7590, CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Claudio D. Schuster
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - David Hoogewijs
- Section of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marcelo A. Marti
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Catherine Venien-Bryan
- Sorbonne Université, UMR 7590, CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luc Moens
- Proteinchemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Doorslaer
- Biophysics and Biomedical Physics, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Frank Sobott
- Biomolecular & Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia Dewilde
- Proteinchemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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11
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Deslignière E, Ehkirch A, Botzanowski T, Beck A, Hernandez-Alba O, Cianférani S. Toward Automation of Collision-Induced Unfolding Experiments through Online Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Native Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12900-12908. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evolène Deslignière
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Botzanowski
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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12
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Garlick JM, Mapp AK. Selective Modulation of Dynamic Protein Complexes. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:986-997. [PMID: 32783965 PMCID: PMC7469457 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic proteins perform critical roles in cellular machines, including those that control proteostasis, transcription, translation, and signaling. Thus, dynamic proteins are prime candidates for chemical probe and drug discovery but difficult targets because they do not conform to classical rules of design and screening. Selectivity is pivotal for candidate probe molecules due to the extensive interaction network of these dynamic hubs. Recognition that the traditional rules of probe discovery are not necessarily applicable to dynamic proteins and their complexes, as well as technological advances in screening, have produced remarkable results in the last 2-4 years. Particularly notable are the improvements in target selectivity for small-molecule modulators of dynamic proteins, especially with techniques that increase the discovery likelihood of allosteric regulatory mechanisms. We focus on approaches to small-molecule screening that appear to be more suitable for highly dynamic targets and have the potential to streamline identification of selective modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Garlick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna K Mapp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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13
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Botzanowski T, Hernandez-Alba O, Malissard M, Wagner-Rousset E, Deslignière E, Colas O, Haeuw JF, Beck A, Cianférani S. Middle Level IM–MS and CIU Experiments for Improved Therapeutic Immunoglobulin Subclass Fingerprinting. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8827-8835. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Botzanowski
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Martine Malissard
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Elsa Wagner-Rousset
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Evolène Deslignière
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Colas
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Jean-François Haeuw
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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14
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Nouchikian L, Lento C, Donovan K, Dobson R, Wilson DJ. Comparing the Conformational Stability of Pyruvate Kinase in the Gas Phase and in Solution. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:685-692. [PMID: 31951698 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Collision induced unfolding (CIU) is increasingly used to characterize protein complexes in the gas phase and is often employed to detect ligand binding-induced conformational stabilization. However, the extent to which gas-phase conformational stabilities measured by CIU reflect analogous parameters in solution is not yet clear, particularly for systems where conformational and protein complex stability are modulated by point mutation. Here, we compare CIU-derived relative stabilities of four point mutants of the homotetramer pyruvate kinase to solution stabilities measured by differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and solution conformational dynamics measured by time-resolved electrospray ionization hydrogen-deuterium exchange (TRESI-HDX). Our results demonstrate that both destabilization of the tetrameric state and generally reduced conformational stability of the monomer in solution are well correlated to lower onset energies for specific unfolding transitions observed in CIU. However, this correlation not fully retained when comparing CIU to HDX data, where the latter measurement is strongly impacted by conformational dynamics within the tetramer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Lento
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
| | - Katherine Donovan
- Dana Farber Institute, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Renwick Dobson
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, Canterbury University, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Derek J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
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15
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France AP, Migas LG, Sinclair E, Bellina B, Barran PE. Using Collision Cross Section Distributions to Assess the Distribution of Collision Cross Section Values. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4340-4348. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan P. France
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Lukasz G. Migas
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Eleanor Sinclair
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Bruno Bellina
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Perdita E. Barran
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
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16
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Stiving AQ, Gilbert JD, Jones BJ, Wysocki VH. A Tilted Surface and Ion Carpet Array for SID. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:458-462. [PMID: 32031394 PMCID: PMC7203677 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of native mass spectrometry (MS) has provided structural biologists an additional tool to probe the structures of large macromolecular systems. Surface-induced dissociation (SID) is one activation method used within tandem MS experiments that has proven useful in interrogating the connectivity and topology of biologically-relevant protein complexes. We present here the use of a tilted surface and ion carpet array within a new SID device design, enabling decreased dimensions along the ion path and fewer lenses to tune. This device works well in fragmenting ions of both low (peptides) and high (protein complexes) m/z. Results show that the ion carpet array, while enabling simplification of the back-end of the device, has deficiencies in product collection and subsequently signal at higher SID energies when fragmenting protein complexes. However, the use of the tilted surface is advantageous as an effective way to shorten the device and reduce the number of independent voltages.
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17
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Veale CGL, Mateos Jimenez M, Mackay CL, Clarke DJ. Native ion mobility mass spectrometry reveals that small organic acid fragments impart gas-phase stability to carbonic anhydrase II. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8570. [PMID: 31479545 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A key element of studies that utilise ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) under native electrospray conditions for the analysis of protein-ligand binding is the maintenance of the native conformation of a protein during the removal of bulk solvent. Ruotolo and co-workers have demonstrated that the binding and subsequent dissociation of the anionic component of inorganic salts stabilise native protein conformations in the gas phase. In this study, we investigated the effect that organic acid fragments identified from a fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) campaign might have on the gas-phase stability of carbonic anhydrase II (CA II). METHODS We utilised native IM-MS to monitor changes in the conformation of CA II in the absence and presence of four acidic fragments. By performing a series of collision-induced unfolding (CIU) experiments we determined the effect of fragment binding on the gas-phase stability of CA II. RESULTS Binding and dissociation of acidic fragments result in increased gas-phase stability of CA II. CFU experiments revealed that the native-like compact gas-phase conformation of the protein is stable with higher degree of pre-activation when bound to a series of acidic fragments. Importantly, although acetate was present in high concentrations, the stabilising effect was not observed without the addition of the acidic fragments. CONCLUSIONS Binding and subsequent dissociation of acidic fragments from CA II significantly delayed CIU in a manner which is probably analogous to the effect of inorganic anions. Furthermore, we saw a slightly altered stabilising effect between the different fragments investigated in this study. This suggests that the prevention of CIU by organic acids may be tuneable to specific properties of a bound ligand. These observations may open avenues to exploit IM-MS as a screening platform in FBDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton G L Veale
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Pietermaritzburg Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - Maria Mateos Jimenez
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - C Logan Mackay
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - David J Clarke
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
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18
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Historical, current and future developments of travelling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry: A personal perspective. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Polasky DA, Dixit SM, Vallejo DD, Kulju KD, Ruotolo BT. An Algorithm for Building Multi-State Classifiers Based on Collision-Induced Unfolding Data. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10407-10412. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Polasky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sugyan M. Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Daniel D. Vallejo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kathryn D. Kulju
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brandon T. Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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20
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Polasky DA, Dixit SM, Fantin SM, Ruotolo BT. CIUSuite 2: Next-Generation Software for the Analysis of Gas-Phase Protein Unfolding Data. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3147-3155. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Polasky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sugyan M. Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sarah M. Fantin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brandon T. Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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21
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Dyachenko A, Tamara S, Heck AJR. Distinct Stabilities of the Structurally Homologous Heptameric Co-Chaperonins GroES and gp31. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:7-15. [PMID: 29736602 PMCID: PMC6318259 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The GroES heptamer is the molecular co-chaperonin that partners with the tetradecamer chaperonin GroEL, which assists in the folding of various nonnative polypeptide chains in Escherichia coli. Gp31 is a structural and functional analogue of GroES encoded by the bacteriophage T4, becoming highly expressed in T4-infected E. coli, taking over the role of GroES, favoring the folding of bacteriophage proteins. Despite being slightly larger, gp31 is quite homologous to GroES in terms of its tertiary and quaternary structure, as well as in its function and mode of interaction with the chaperonin GroEL. Here, we performed a side-by-side comparison of GroES and gp31 heptamer complexes by (ion mobility) tandem mass spectrometry. Surprisingly, we observed quite distinct fragmentation mechanisms for the GroES and gp31 heptamers, whereby GroES displays a unique and unusual bimodal charge distribution in its released monomers. Not only the gas-phase dissociation but also the gas-phase unfolding of GroES and gp31 were found to be very distinct. We rationalize these observations with the similar discrepancies we observed in the thermal unfolding characteristics and surface contacts within GroES and gp31 in the solution. From our data, we propose a model that explains the observed simultaneous dissociation pathways of GroES and the differences between GroES and gp31 gas-phase dissociation and unfolding. We conclude that, although GroES and gp31 exhibit high homology in tertiary and quaternary structure, they are quite distinct in their solution and gas-phase (un)folding characteristics and stability. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Dyachenko
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sem Tamara
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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22
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Patterson A, Tokmina-Lukaszewska M, Bothner B. Probing Cascade complex composition and stability using native mass spectrometry techniques. Methods Enzymol 2018; 616:87-116. [PMID: 30691656 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive prokaryotic immune systems rely on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and their associated genes to provide the components necessary to clear infection by foreign genetic elements. These immune systems are based on highly specific nucleases that bind DNA or RNA and, upon sequence recognition, degrade the bound nucleic acid. Because of their specificity, CRISPR-Cas systems are being co-opted to edit genes in eukaryotic cells. While the general function of these systems is well understood, an understanding of mechanistic details to facilitate engineering and application to this new arena remains a topic of intense study. Here, we present two methods that have been successfully used to study the structure and mechanism of the Type IE CRISPR system, Cascade, from Escherichia coli. We provide the protocol for a typical native mass spectrometry experiment which, because it allows for analysis of a protein complex without disruption of the noncovalent interactions within the complex, can be used to determine complex composition, architecture, and relative affinity between subunits. We, also, provide the protocol for intact protein hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, which provides insight into the overall conformational stability of the complex and changes in complex stability based on conditions such as substrate binding. Investigating the solution-phase structure, stability, and dynamics of these complexes improves the overall understanding of the mechanism facilitating engineered adjustments to function or utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | | | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States.
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23
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Marrella SA, Brown KA, Mansouri-Noori F, Porat J, Wilson DJ, Bayfield MA. An interdomain bridge influences RNA binding of the human La protein. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:1529-1540. [PMID: 30530494 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
La proteins are RNA chaperones that perform various functions depending on distinct RNA-binding modes and their subcellular localization. In the nucleus, they help process UUU-3'OH-tailed nascent RNA polymerase III transcripts, such as pre-tRNAs, whereas in the cytoplasm they contribute to translation of poly(A)-tailed mRNAs. La accumulation in the nucleus and cytoplasm is controlled by several trafficking elements, including a canonical nuclear localization signal in the extreme C terminus and a nuclear retention element (NRE) in the RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) domain. Previous findings indicate that cytoplasmic export of La due to mutation of the NRE can be suppressed by mutations in RRM1, but the mechanism by which the RRM1 and RRM2 domains functionally cooperate is poorly understood. In this work, we use electromobility shift assays (EMSA) to show that mutations in the NRE and RRM1 affect binding of human La to pre-tRNAs but not UUU-3'OH or poly(A) sequences, and we present compensatory mutagenesis data supporting a direct interaction between the RRM1 and RRM2 domains. Moreover, we use collision-induced unfolding and time-resolved hydrogen-deuterium exchange MS analyses to study the conformational dynamics that occur when this interaction is intact or disrupted. Our results suggest that the intracellular distribution of La may be linked to its RNA-binding modes and provide the first evidence for a direct protein-protein interdomain interaction in La proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano A Marrella
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Centres for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Kerene A Brown
- Centres for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Research in Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Farnaz Mansouri-Noori
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Centres for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jennifer Porat
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Centres for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Derek J Wilson
- Centres for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Research in Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Mark A Bayfield
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Centres for Research in Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.
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24
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Oranzi NR, Polfer NC, Lei J, Yost RA. Influence of Experimental Conditions on the Ratio of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Conformers for Validating a Liquid Chromatography/Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Method for Routine Quantitation. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13549-13556. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Oranzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Nicolas C. Polfer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jiajun Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Richard A. Yost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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25
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Mu Y, Schulz BL, Ferro V. Applications of Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102557. [PMID: 30301275 PMCID: PMC6222328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate analyses are often challenging due to the structural complexity of these molecules, as well as the lack of suitable analytical tools for distinguishing the vast number of possible isomers. The coupled technique, ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS), has been in use for two decades for the analysis of complex biomolecules, and in recent years it has emerged as a powerful technique for the analysis of carbohydrates. For carbohydrates, most studies have focused on the separation and characterization of isomers in biological samples. IM-MS is capable of separating isomeric ions by drift time, and further characterizing them by mass analysis. Applications of IM-MS in carbohydrate analysis are extremely useful and important for understanding many biological mechanisms and for the determination of disease states, although efforts are still needed for higher sensitivity and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Mu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Benjamin L Schulz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Vito Ferro
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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26
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Kulesza A, Marklund EG, MacAleese L, Chirot F, Dugourd P. Bringing Molecular Dynamics and Ion-Mobility Spectrometry Closer Together: Shape Correlations, Structure-Based Predictors, and Dissociation. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8317-8329. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kulesza
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- CNRS et
Université
Lyon 1, UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, France
| | - Erik G. Marklund
- Department of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke MacAleese
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- CNRS et
Université
Lyon 1, UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, France
| | - Fabien Chirot
- Université
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ens de Lyon, CNRS,
Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
- CNRS et
Université
Lyon 1, UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, France
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27
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Dixit SM, Polasky DA, Ruotolo BT. Collision induced unfolding of isolated proteins in the gas phase: past, present, and future. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 42:93-100. [PMID: 29207278 PMCID: PMC5828980 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly characterizing the three-dimensional structures of proteins and the multimeric machines they form remains one of the great challenges facing modern biological and medical sciences. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry based techniques are playing an expanding role in characterizing these functional complexes, especially in drug discovery and development workflows. Despite this expansion, ion mobility-mass spectrometry faces many challenges, especially in the context of detecting small differences in protein tertiary structure that bear functional consequences. Collision induced unfolding is an ion mobility-mass spectrometry method that enables the rapid differentiation of subtly-different protein isoforms based on their unfolding patterns and stabilities. In this review, we summarize the modern implementation of such gas-phase unfolding experiments and provide an overview of recent developments in both methods and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugyan M Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Daniel A Polasky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Brandon T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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Ion mobility in the pharmaceutical industry: an established biophysical technique or still niche? Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 42:147-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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D'Atri V, Causon T, Hernandez-Alba O, Mutabazi A, Veuthey JL, Cianferani S, Guillarme D. Adding a new separation dimension to MS and LC-MS: What is the utility of ion mobility spectrometry? J Sep Sci 2017; 41:20-67. [PMID: 29024509 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry is an analytical technique known for more than 100 years, which entails separating ions in the gas phase based on their size, shape, and charge. While ion mobility spectrometry alone can be useful for some applications (mostly security analysis for detecting certain classes of narcotics and explosives), it becomes even more powerful in combination with mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Indeed, the limited resolving power of ion mobility spectrometry alone can be tackled when combining this analytical strategy with mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Over the last few years, the hyphenation of ion mobility spectrometry to mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry has attracted more and more interest, with significant progresses in both technical advances and pioneering applications. This review describes the theoretical background, available technologies, and future capabilities of these techniques. It also highlights a wide range of applications, from small molecules (natural products, metabolites, glycans, lipids) to large biomolecules (proteins, protein complexes, biopharmaceuticals, oligonucleotides).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina D'Atri
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tim Causon
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU Vienna), Vienna, Austria
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO), IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aline Mutabazi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Veuthey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO), IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
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Huang Y, Salinas ND, Chen E, Tolia NH, Gross ML. Native Mass Spectrometry, Ion mobility, and Collision-Induced Unfolding Categorize Malaria Antigen/Antibody Binding. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:2515-2518. [PMID: 28875466 PMCID: PMC5647250 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein (PvDBP) is a promising vaccine candidate for P. vivax malaria. Recently, we reported the epitopes on PvDBP region II (PvDBP-II) for three inhibitory monoclonal antibodies (2D10, 2H2, and 2C6). In this communication, we describe the combination of native mass spectrometry and ion mobility (IM) with collision induced unfolding (CIU) to study the conformation and stabilities of three malarial antigen-antibody complexes. These complexes, when collisionally activated, undergo conformational changes that depend on the location of the epitope. CIU patterns for PvDBP-II in complex with antibody 2D10 and 2H2 are highly similar, indicating comparable binding topology and stability. A different CIU fingerprint is observed for PvDBP-II/2C6, indicating that 2C6 binds to PvDBP-II on an epitope different from 2D10 and 2H2. This work supports the use of CIU as a means of classifying antigen-antibody complexes by their epitope maps in a high throughput screening workflow. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Nichole D Salinas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Edwin Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Niraj H Tolia
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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31
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Niu S, Kim BC, Fierke CA, Ruotolo BT. Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Reveals Evidence of Specific Complex Formation between Human Histone Deacetylase 8 and Poly-r(C)-binding Protein 1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 420:9-15. [PMID: 28983190 PMCID: PMC5624731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 8, part of a broad class of proteins responsible for regulating transcription and many other cellular processes and directly linked to a host of human disease through its mis-function, has been canonically described as a zinc-based mettalo-enzyme for many years. Recent evidence, however, has linked this protein to iron incorporation, loaded through transient interactions with the poly r(C)-binding protein 1, a metallo-chaperone and storage protein. In this report, we construct and deploy an electrospray-mass spectrometry based assay aimed at quantifying the interaction strength between these two weakly-associated proteins, as well as the zinc and iron associated form of the histone deacetylase. Despite challenges derived from artifact protein complexes derived from the electrospray process, we use carefully-constructed positive and negative control experiments, along with detailed measurements of protein ionization efficiency to validate our dissociation constant measurements for protein dimers in this size range. Furthermore, our data strongly support that complexes between histone deacetylase 8 and poly r(C)-binding protein 1 are specific, and that they are equally strong when both zinc and iron-loaded proteins are involved, or perhaps mildly promoted in the latter case, suggesting an in vivo role for the non-canonical, iron-incorporated histone deacetylase.
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32
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Eschweiler JD, Kerr R, Rabuck-Gibbons J, Ruotolo BT. Sizing Up Protein-Ligand Complexes: The Rise of Structural Mass Spectrometry Approaches in the Pharmaceutical Sciences. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2017; 10:25-44. [PMID: 28301749 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Capturing the dynamic interplay between proteins and their myriad interaction partners is critically important for advancing our understanding of almost every biochemical process and human disease. The importance of this general area has spawned many measurement methods capable of assaying such protein complexes, and the mass spectrometry-based structural biology methods described in this review form an important part of that analytical arsenal. Here, we survey the basic principles of such measurements, cover recent applications of the technology that have focused on protein-small-molecule complexes, and discuss the bright future awaiting this group of technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109;
| | | | - Brandon T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109;
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Liu Y, Cong X, Liu W, Laganowsky A. Characterization of Membrane Protein-Lipid Interactions by Mass Spectrometry Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:579-586. [PMID: 27924494 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lipids in the biological membrane can modulate the structure and function of integral and peripheral membrane proteins. Distinguishing individual lipids that bind selectively to membrane protein complexes from an ensemble of lipid-bound species remains a daunting task. Recently, ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has proven to be invaluable for interrogating the interactions between protein and individual lipids, where the complex undergoes collision induced unfolding followed by quantification of the unfolding pathway to assess the effect of these interactions. However, gas-phase unfolding experiments for membrane proteins are typically performed on the entire ensemble (apo and lipid bound species), raising uncertainty to the contribution of individual lipids and the species that are ejected in the unfolding process. Here, we describe the application of mass spectrometry ion mobility mass spectrometry (MS-IM-MS) for isolating ions corresponding to lipid-bound states of a model integral membrane protein, ammonia channel (AmtB) from Escherichia coli. Free of ensemble effects, MS-IM-MS reveals that bound lipids are ejected as neutral species; however, no correlation was found between the lipid-induced stabilization of complex and their equilibrium binding constants. In comparison to data obtained by IM-MS, there are surprisingly limited differences in stability measurements from IM-MS and MS-IM-MS. The approach described here to isolate ions of membrane protein complexes will be useful for other MS methods, such as surface induced dissociation or collision induced dissociation to determine the stoichiometry of hetero-oligomeric membrane protein complexes. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiao Cong
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wen Liu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Arthur Laganowsky
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77842, USA.
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
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Eschweiler JD, Martini RM, Ruotolo BT. Chemical Probes and Engineered Constructs Reveal a Detailed Unfolding Mechanism for a Solvent-Free Multidomain Protein. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:534-540. [PMID: 27959526 PMCID: PMC5724362 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the growing application of gas-phase measurements in structural biology and drug discovery, the factors that govern protein stabilities and structures in a solvent-free environment are still poorly understood. Here, we examine the solvent-free unfolding pathway for a group of homologous serum albumins. Utilizing a combination of chemical probes and noncovalent reconstructions, we draw new specific conclusions regarding the unfolding of albumins in the gas phase, as well as more general inferences regarding the sensitivity of collision induced unfolding to changes in protein primary and tertiary structure. Our findings suggest that the general unfolding pathway of low charge state albumin ions is largely unaffected by changes in primary structure; however, the stabilities of intermediates along these pathways vary widely as sequences diverge. Additionally, we find that human albumin follows a domain associated unfolding pathway, and we are able to assign each unfolded form observed in our gas-phase data set to the disruption of specific domains within the protein. The totality of our data informs the first detailed mechanism for multidomain protein unfolding in the gas phase, and highlights key similarities and differences from the known solution-phase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel M. Martini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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35
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Landreh M, Marklund EG, Uzdavinys P, Degiacomi MT, Coincon M, Gault J, Gupta K, Liko I, Benesch JLP, Drew D, Robinson CV. Integrating mass spectrometry with MD simulations reveals the role of lipids in Na +/H + antiporters. Nat Commun 2017; 8:13993. [PMID: 28071645 PMCID: PMC5234078 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+/H+ antiporters are found in all kingdoms of life and exhibit catalysis rates that are among the fastest of all known secondary-active transporters. Here we combine ion mobility mass spectrometry and molecular dynamics simulations to study the conformational stability and lipid-binding properties of the Na+/H+ exchanger NapA from Thermus thermophilus and compare this to the prototypical antiporter NhaA from Escherichia coli and the human homologue NHA2. We find that NapA and NHA2, but not NhaA, form stable dimers and do not selectively retain membrane lipids. By comparing wild-type NapA with engineered variants, we show that the unfolding of the protein in the gas phase involves the disruption of inter-domain contacts. Lipids around the domain interface protect the native fold in the gas phase by mediating contacts between the mobile protein segments. We speculate that elevator-type antiporters such as NapA, and likely NHA2, use a subset of annular lipids as structural support to facilitate large-scale conformational changes within the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Landreh
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Erik G. Marklund
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
- Department of Chemistry–BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, Uppsala SE-751 23, Sweden
| | - Povilas Uzdavinys
- Centre for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Matteo T. Degiacomi
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Mathieu Coincon
- Centre for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Joseph Gault
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Kallol Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Idlir Liko
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Justin L. P. Benesch
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - David Drew
- Centre for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Carol V. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3QZ, UK
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36
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Benigni P, Marin R, Molano-Arevalo JC, Garabedian A, Wolff JJ, Ridgeway ME, Park MA, Fernandez-Lima F. Towards the Analysis of High Molecular Weight Proteins and Protein complexes using TIMS-MS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY 2016; 19:95-104. [PMID: 27818614 PMCID: PMC5091298 DOI: 10.1007/s12127-016-0201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we demonstrate the potential and versatility of TIMS for the analysis of proteins, DNA-protein complexes and protein-protein complexes in their native and denatured states. In addition, we show that accurate CCS measurement are possible and in good agreement with previously reported CCS values using other IMS analyzers (<5% difference). The main challenges for the analysis of high mass proteins and protein complexes in the mobility and m/z domain are described. That is, the analysis of high molecular weight systems in their native state may require the use of higher electric fields or a compromise in the TIMS mobility resolution by reducing the bath gas velocity in order to effectively trap at lower electric fields. This is the first report of CCS measurements of high molecular weight biomolecules and biomolecular complexes (~ 150 kDa) using TIMS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Benigni
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Rebecca Marin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | | | - Alyssa Garabedian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | | | | | - Melvin A. Park
- Bruker Daltonics, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, USA
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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37
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Wessels HJCT, de Almeida NM, Kartal B, Keltjens JT. Bacterial Electron Transfer Chains Primed by Proteomics. Adv Microb Physiol 2016; 68:219-352. [PMID: 27134025 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport phosphorylation is the central mechanism for most prokaryotic species to harvest energy released in the respiration of their substrates as ATP. Microorganisms have evolved incredible variations on this principle, most of these we perhaps do not know, considering that only a fraction of the microbial richness is known. Besides these variations, microbial species may show substantial versatility in using respiratory systems. In connection herewith, regulatory mechanisms control the expression of these respiratory enzyme systems and their assembly at the translational and posttranslational levels, to optimally accommodate changes in the supply of their energy substrates. Here, we present an overview of methods and techniques from the field of proteomics to explore bacterial electron transfer chains and their regulation at levels ranging from the whole organism down to the Ångstrom scales of protein structures. From the survey of the literature on this subject, it is concluded that proteomics, indeed, has substantially contributed to our comprehending of bacterial respiratory mechanisms, often in elegant combinations with genetic and biochemical approaches. However, we also note that advanced proteomics offers a wealth of opportunities, which have not been exploited at all, or at best underexploited in hypothesis-driving and hypothesis-driven research on bacterial bioenergetics. Examples obtained from the related area of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation research, where the application of advanced proteomics is more common, may illustrate these opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J C T Wessels
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud Proteomics Centre, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N M de Almeida
- Institute of Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B Kartal
- Institute of Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J T Keltjens
- Institute of Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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38
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Zhang H, Liu H, Lu Y, Wolf NR, Gross ML, Blankenship RE. Native mass spectrometry and ion mobility characterize the orange carotenoid protein functional domains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:734-9. [PMID: 26921809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) plays a unique role in protecting many cyanobacteria from light-induced damage. The active form of OCP is directly involved in energy dissipation by binding to the phycobilisome (PBS), the major light-harvesting complex in cyanobacteria. There are two structural modules in OCP, an N-terminal domain (NTD), and a C-terminal domain (CTD), which play different functional roles during the OCP-PBS quenching cycle. Because of the quasi-stable nature of active OCP, structural analysis of active OCP has been lacking compared to its inactive form. In this report, partial proteolysis was used to generate two structural domains, NTD and CTD, from active OCP. We used multiple native mass spectrometry (MS) based approaches to interrogate the structural features of the NTD and the CTD. Collisional activation and ion mobility analysis indicated that the NTD releases its bound carotenoid without forming any intermediates and the CTD is resistant to unfolding upon collisional energy ramping. The unfolding intermediates observed in inactive intact OCP suggest that it is the N-terminal extension and the NTD-CTD loop that lead to the observed unfolding intermediates. These combined approaches extend the knowledge of OCP photo-activation and structural features of OCP functional domains. Combining native MS, ion mobility, and collisional activation promises to be a sensitive new approach for studies of photosynthetic protein-pigment complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Haijun Liu
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Nathan R Wolf
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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39
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Eschweiler JD, Rabuck-Gibbons JN, Tian Y, Ruotolo BT. CIUSuite: A Quantitative Analysis Package for Collision Induced Unfolding Measurements of Gas-Phase Protein Ions. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11516-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Eschweiler
- University of Michigan Department
of Chemistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | - Yuwei Tian
- University of Michigan Department
of Chemistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brandon T. Ruotolo
- University of Michigan Department
of Chemistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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