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Wang Q, Liang X, Wang H, Yang C, Li Y, Liao L, Zhu Z, Wang Y, He L. Grass carp peroxiredoxin 5 and 6-mediated autophagy inhibit grass carp reovirus replication and mitigate oxidative stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109419. [PMID: 38301812 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of antioxidant enzymes crucial for shielding cells against oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we cloned and analyzed two grass carp peroxiredoxin genes, CiPrx5 and CiPrx6. These genes exhibited ubiquitous expression across all sampled tissues, with their expression levels significantly modulated upon exposure to grass carp reovirus (GCRV). CiPrx5 was localized in the mitochondria, while CiPrx6 was uniformly distributed in the whole cells. Transfection or transformation of CiPrx5 and CiPrx6 into fish cells or E. coli significantly enhanced host resistance to H2O2 and heavy metals, leading to increased cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis rates. Furthermore, purified recombinant CiPrx5 and CiPrx6 proteins effectively protected DNA against oxidative damage. Notably, overexpression of both peroxiredoxins in fish cells effectively inhibited GCRV replication, reduced intracellular ROS levels induced by GCRV infection and H2O2 treatment, and induced autophagy. Significantly, these functions of CiPrx5 and CiPrx6 in GCRV replication and ROS mitigation were abolished upon treatment with an autophagy inhibitor. In summation, our findings suggest that grass carp Prx5 and Prx6 promote autophagy to inhibit GCRV replication, decrease intracellular ROS, and provide protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hanyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lanjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Libo He
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Lang L, Wolf AC, Riedel M, Thibol L, Geissel F, Feld K, Zimmermann J, Morgan B, Manolikakes G, Deponte M. Substrate Promiscuity and Hyperoxidation Susceptibility as Potential Driving Forces for the Co-evolution of Prx5-Type and Prx6-Type 1-Cys Peroxiredoxin Mechanisms. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lang
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ann-Cathrin Wolf
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mareike Riedel
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Lea Thibol
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Fabian Geissel
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kristina Feld
- Department of Parasitology, Ruprecht-Karls University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jannik Zimmermann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bruce Morgan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Georg Manolikakes
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marcel Deponte
- Faculty of Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Schumann R, Lang L, Deponte M. Characterization of the glutathione‐dependent reduction of the peroxiredoxin 5 homolog
PfAOP
from
Plasmodium falciparum. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4290. [PMID: 35481660 PMCID: PMC8994508 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins use a variety of thiols to rapidly reduce hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite. While the oxidation kinetics of peroxiredoxins have been studied in great detail, enzyme‐specific differences regarding peroxiredoxin reduction and the overall rate‐limiting step under physiological conditions often remain to be deciphered. The 1‐Cys peroxiredoxin 5 homolog PfAOP from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is an established model enzyme for glutathione/glutaredoxin‐dependent peroxiredoxins. Here, we reconstituted the catalytic cycle of PfAOP in vitro and analyzed the reaction between oxidized PfAOP and reduced glutathione (GSH) using molecular docking and stopped‐flow measurements. Molecular docking revealed that oxidized PfAOP has to adopt a locally unfolded conformation to react with GSH. Furthermore, we determined a second‐order rate constant of 6 × 105 M−1 s−1 at 25°C and thermodynamic activation parameters ΔH‡, ΔS‡, and ΔG‡ of 39.8 kJ/mol, −0.8 J/mol, and 40.0 kJ/mol, respectively. The gain‐of‐function mutant PfAOPL109M had almost identical reaction parameters. Taking into account physiological hydroperoxide and GSH concentrations, we suggest (a) that the reaction between oxidized PfAOP and GSH might be even faster than the formation of the sulfenic acid in vivo, and (b) that conformational changes are likely rate limiting for PfAOP catalysis. In summary, we characterized and quantified the reaction between GSH and the model enzyme PfAOP, thus providing detailed insights regarding the reactivity of its sulfenic acid and the versatile chemistry of peroxiredoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schumann
- Faculty of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Lukas Lang
- Faculty of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Marcel Deponte
- Faculty of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany
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