1
|
Cossu F, Camelliti S, Lecis D, Sorrentino L, Majorini MT, Milani M, Mastrangelo E. Structure-based identification of a new IAP-targeting compound that induces cancer cell death inducing NF-κB pathway. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:6366-6374. [PMID: 34938412 PMCID: PMC8649670 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual docking vs type I BIRs of IAPs identified FC2 as a modulator of NF-kB. FC2 is active as a single agent with no toxicity in normal cells. The cytotoxic activity of FC2 is enhanced by TNF and by the Smac-mimetic SM83. FC2 stabilizes XIAP/TAB1 interaction, prolonging the activation of NF-κB.
Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are validated onco-targets, as their overexpression correlates with cancer onset, progression, diffusion and chemoresistance. IAPs regulate cell death survival pathways, inflammation, and immunity. Targeting IAPs, by impairing their protein–protein interaction surfaces, can affect events occurring at different stages of cancer development. To this purpose, we employed a rational virtual screening approach to identify compounds predicted to interfere with the assembly of pro-survival macromolecular complexes. One of the candidates, FC2, was shown to bind in vitro the BIR1 domains of both XIAP and cIAP2. Moreover, we demonstrated that FC2 can induce cancer cell death as a single agent and, more potently, in combination with the Smac-mimetic SM83 or with the cytokine TNF. FC2 determined a prolonged activation of the NF-κB pathway, accompanied to a stabilization of XIAP-TAB1 complex. This candidate molecule represents a valuable lead compound for the development of a new class of IAP-antagonists for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cossu
- CNR-IBF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Biofisica, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Camelliti
- CNR-IBF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Biofisica, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo, 42, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Lecis
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo, 42, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Sorrentino
- CNR-IBF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Biofisica, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Milano, Via Venezian, 21, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Majorini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo, 42, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Milani
- CNR-IBF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Biofisica, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Eloise Mastrangelo
- CNR-IBF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Biofisica, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cossu F, Sorrentino L, Fagnani E, Zaffaroni M, Milani M, Giorgino T, Mastrangelo E. Computational and Experimental Characterization of NF023, A Candidate Anticancer Compound Inhibiting cIAP2/TRAF2 Assembly. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:5036-5044. [PMID: 32820924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are the basis of many important physiological processes and are currently promising, yet difficult, targets for drug discovery. In this context, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs)-mediated interactions are pivotal for cancer cell survival; the interaction of the BIR1 domain of cIAP2 with TRAF2 was shown to lead the recruitment of cIAPs to the TNF receptor, promoting the activation of the NF-κB survival pathway. In this work, using a combined in silico-in vitro approach, we identified a drug-like molecule, NF023, able to disrupt cIAP2 interaction with TRAF2. We demonstrated in vitro its ability to interfere with the assembly of the cIAP2-BIR1/TRAF2 complex and performed a thorough characterization of the compound's mode of action through 248 parallel unbiased molecular dynamics simulations of 300 ns (totaling almost 75 μs of all-atom sampling), which identified multiple binding modes to the BIR1 domain of cIAP2 via clustering and ensemble docking. NF023 is, thus, a promising protein-protein interaction disruptor, representing a starting point to develop modulators of NF-κB-mediated cell survival in cancer. This study represents a model procedure that shows the use of large-scale molecular dynamics methods to typify promiscuous interactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cossu
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-IBF), Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Sorrentino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-IBF), Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Fagnani
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-IBF), Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Zaffaroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Milani
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-IBF), Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Toni Giorgino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-IBF), Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Eloise Mastrangelo
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-IBF), Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jost PJ, Vucic D. Regulation of Cell Death and Immunity by XIAP. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a036426. [PMID: 31843992 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) controls cell survival in several regulated cell death pathways and coordinates a range of inflammatory signaling events. Initially identified as a caspase-binding protein, it was considered to be primarily involved in blocking apoptosis from both intrinsic as well as extrinsic triggers. However, XIAP also prevents TNF-mediated, receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIPK3)-dependent cell death, by controlling RIPK1 ubiquitylation and preventing inflammatory cell death. The identification of patients with germline mutations in XIAP (termed XLP-2 syndrome) pointed toward its role in inflammatory signaling. Indeed, XIAP also mediates nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing 2 (NOD2) proinflammatory signaling by promoting RIPK2 ubiquitination within the NOD2 signaling complex leading to NF-κB and MAPK activation and production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Overall, XIAP is a critical regulator of multiple cell death and inflammatory pathways making it an attractive drug target in tumors and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp J Jost
- Medical Department III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site TUM, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Domagoj Vucic
- Early Discovery Biochemistry Department, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Targeting the BIR Domains of Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) Proteins in Cancer Treatment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:142-150. [PMID: 30766663 PMCID: PMC6360406 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are characterized by the presence of the conserved baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domain that is involved in protein-protein interactions. IAPs were initially thought to be mainly responsible for caspase inhibition, acting as negative regulators of apoptosis, but later works have shown that IAPs also control a plethora of other different cellular pathways. As X-linked IAP (XIAP), and other IAP, levels are often deregulated in cancer cells and have been shown to correlate with patients' prognosis, several approaches have been pursued to inhibit their activity in order to restore apoptosis. Many small molecules have been designed to target the BIR domains, the vast majority being inspired by the N-terminal tetrapeptide of Second Mitochondria-derived Activator of Caspases/Direct IAp Binding with Low pI (Smac/Diablo), which is the natural XIAP antagonist. These compounds are therefore usually referred to as Smac mimetics (SMs). Despite the fact that SMs were intended to specifically target XIAP, it has been shown that they also interact with cellular IAP-1 (cIAP1) and cIAP2, promoting their proteasome-dependent degradation. SMs have been tested in combination with several cytotoxic compounds and are now considered promising immune modulators which can be exploited in cancer therapy, especially in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we give an overview of the structural hot-spots of BIRs, focusing on their fold and on the peculiar structural patches which characterize the diverse BIRs. These structures are exploited/exploitable for the development of specific and active IAP inhibitors.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wilson JL, Kefaloyianni E, Stopfer L, Harrison C, Sabbisetti VS, Fraenkel E, Lauffenburger DA, Herrlich A. Functional Genomics Approach Identifies Novel Signaling Regulators of TGFα Ectodomain Shedding. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:147-161. [PMID: 29018056 PMCID: PMC5859574 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ectodomain shedding of cell-surface precursor proteins by metalloproteases generates important cellular signaling molecules. Of importance for disease is the release of ligands that activate the EGFR, such as TGFα, which is mostly carried out by ADAM17 [a member of the A-disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) domain family]. EGFR ligand shedding has been linked to many diseases, in particular cancer development, growth and metastasis, as well as resistance to cancer therapeutics. Excessive EGFR ligand release can outcompete therapeutic EGFR inhibition or the inhibition of other growth factor pathways by providing bypass signaling via EGFR activation. Drugging metalloproteases directly have failed clinically because it indiscriminately affected shedding of numerous substrates. It is therefore essential to identify regulators for EGFR ligand cleavage. Here, integration of a functional shRNA genomic screen, computational network analysis, and dedicated validation tests succeeded in identifying several key signaling pathways as novel regulators of TGFα shedding in cancer cells. Most notably, a cluster of genes with NFκB pathway regulatory functions was found to strongly influence TGFα release, albeit independent of their NFκB regulatory functions. Inflammatory regulators thus also govern cancer cell growth-promoting ectodomain cleavage, lending mechanistic understanding to the well-known connection between inflammation and cancer.Implications: Using genomic screens and network analysis, this study defines targets that regulate ectodomain shedding and suggests new treatment opportunities for EGFR-driven cancers. Mol Cancer Res; 16(1); 147-61. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Wilson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eirini Kefaloyianni
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lauren Stopfer
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christina Harrison
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Andreas Herrlich
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Berg A, Berg T. A small-molecule screen identifies the antitrypanosomal agent suramin and analogues NF023 and NF449 as inhibitors of STAT5a/b. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|