III. Geometrical framework for thinking about globular proteins: Turns in proteins

A Tale of Two Chains: Geometries of a Chain Model and Protein Native State Structures

Linear chain molecules play a central role in polymer physics with innumerable industrial applications. They are also ubiquitous constituents of living cells. Here, we highlight the similarities and differences between two distinct ways of viewing a linear chain. We do this, on the one hand, through the lens of simulations for a standard polymer chain of tethered spheres at low and high temperatures and, on the other hand, through published experimental data on an important class of biopolymers, proteins. We present detailed analyses of their local and non-local structures as well as the maps of their closest contacts. We seek to reconcile the startlingly different behaviors of the two types of chains based on symmetry considerations.