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Hua HK, Zhu HM, Zhang ZG. Clinical significance of downregulated NISCH expression in skin cutaneous melanoma: Modulation of tumor cell invasion, migration, and EMT via PAK1 inhibition. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102399. [PMID: 38723330 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the expression and functional role of NISCH in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), exploring its association with clinical characteristics and its potential impact on human skin melanoma cell behavior. METHODS The research assessed differential NISCH expression in SKCM tissues using the GEPIA (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis) database and validated these findings through immunohistochemical staining of 45 clinical samples. To affirm NISCH expression at the cellular level, three human skin melanoma cell lines (RPMI-7951, A375, MEL-5), and the human normal skin cell line HEMa underwent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Transwell experiments evaluated the migration and invasion capabilities of RPMI-7951 and A375 cells post-transduction with NISCH or PAK1 lentiviral activation particles. Additionally, qRT-PCR analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression (Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin) was conducted in A375 and RPMI-7951 cells. RESULTS SKCM tissues exhibited significantly reduced NISCH expression compared to normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed predominant nuclear localization of NISCH in melanoma cells, with reduced expression significantly correlating with sex, advanced stage, and lymph node metastasis. Melanoma cell lines displayed lower NISCH expression levels compared to normal skin cells. Functional experiments showcased that NISCH overexpression suppressed p-PAK1/PAK1, while PAK1 upregulation notably increased melanoma cell migration, invasion, and induced EMT. Remarkably, NISCH overexpression counteracted PAK1-induced effects on EMT, migration, and invasion in melanoma cells. CONCLUSION NISCH may significantly influence the aggressive behavior of SKCM cells via the PAK1 pathway, making it a potential therapeutic target for managing melanoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Kang Hua
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Lishui People' s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhu
- General practice, Xin Bi Community Health Center, Lishui, Zhejiang 321403, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Zhang
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Lishui People' s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
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M R H Mostafa A, Petrai O, Poot AA, Prakash J. Polymeric nanofiber leveraged co-delivery of anti-stromal PAK1 inhibitor and paclitaxel enhances therapeutic effects in stroma-rich 3D spheroid models. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124078. [PMID: 38569978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The role of tumor stroma in solid tumors has been widely recognized in cancer progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in matrix remodeling and promoting cancer cell stemness and resistance via reciprocal crosstalk. Residual tumor tissue after surgical removal as well as unresectable tumors face therapeutic challenges to achieve curable outcome. In this study, we propose to develop a dual delivery approach by combining p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) inhibitor (FRAX597) to inhibit tumor stroma and chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) to kill cancer cells using electrospun nanofibers. First, the role of the PAK1 pathway was established in CAF differentiation, migration and contraction using relevant in vitro models. Second, polycaprolactone polymer-based nanofibers were fabricated using a uniaxial electrospinning technique to incorporate FRAX597 and/or PTX, which showed a uniform texture and a prolonged release of both drugs for 16 days. To test nanofibers, stroma-rich 3D heterospheroid models were set up which showed high resistance to PTX nanofibers compared to stroma-free homospheroids. Interestingly, nanofibers containing PTX and FRAX597 showed strong anti-tumor effects on heterospheroids by reducing the growth and viability by > 90 % compared to either of single drug-loaded nanofibers. These effects were reflected by reduced intra-spheroidal expression levels of collagen 1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Overall, this study provides a new therapeutic strategy to inhibit the tumor stroma using PAK1 inhibitor and thereby enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy using nanofibers as a local delivery system for unresectable or residual tumor. Use of 3D models to evaluate nanofibers highlights these models as advanced in vitro tools to study the effect of controlled release local drug delivery systems before animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M R H Mostafa
- Engineered Therapeutics, Department of Advanced Organ Bioengineering and Therapeutics, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ornela Petrai
- Engineered Therapeutics, Department of Advanced Organ Bioengineering and Therapeutics, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - André A Poot
- Engineered Therapeutics, Department of Advanced Organ Bioengineering and Therapeutics, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Jai Prakash
- Engineered Therapeutics, Department of Advanced Organ Bioengineering and Therapeutics, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
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3
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Wang H, Zhou Y, Chu C, Xiao J, Zheng S, Korpal M, Korn JM, Penaloza T, Drake RR, Gan W, Gao X. Generating a Murine PTEN Null Cell Line to Discover the Key Role of p110β-PAK1 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Invasion. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:1317-1328. [PMID: 37606694 PMCID: PMC10841189 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Although androgen deprivation treatment often effectively decreases prostate cancer, incurable metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) eventually occurs. It is important to understand how CRPC metastasis progresses, which is not clearly defined. The loss of PTEN, a phosphatase to dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in the PI3K pathway, occurs in up to 70% to 80% of CRPC. We generated a mouse androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line (PKO) from PTEN null and Hi-Myc transgenic mice in C57BL/6 background. We confirmed that this PKO cell line has an activated PI3K pathway and can metastasize into the femur and tibia of immunodeficient nude and immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, we found that androgen deprivation significantly enhanced PKO cell migration/invasion via the p110β isoform-depended PAK1-MAPK activation. Inhibition of the p110β-PAK1 axis significantly decreased prostate cancer cell migration/invasion. Of note, our analysis using clinical samples showed that PAK1 is more activated in CRPC than in advanced prostate cancer; high PAK1/phosphorylated-PAK1 levels are associated with decreased survival rates in patients with CRPC. All the information suggests that this cell line reflects the characteristics of CRPC cells and can be applied to dissect the mechanism of CRPC initiation and progression. This study also shows that PAK1 is a potential target for CRPC treatment. IMPLICATIONS This study uses a newly generated PTEN null prostate cancer cell line to define a critical functional role of p110β-PAK1 in CRPC migration/invasion. This study also shows that the p110β-PAK1 axis can potentially be a therapeutic target in CRPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Chu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jialing Xiao
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manav Korpal
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua M Korn
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tiffany Penaloza
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Richard R. Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Wenjian Gan
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xueliang Gao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Zubrickė I, Jonuškienė I, Kantminienė K, Tumosienė I, Petrikaitė V. Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation as Potential Anticancer and Antioxidant Agents of Diphenylamine-Pyrrolidin-2-one-Hydrazone Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16804. [PMID: 38069128 PMCID: PMC10871122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The title compounds were synthesized by the reaction of 5-oxo-1-(4-(phenylamino)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbohydrazide with various aldehydes bearing aromatic and heterocyclic moieties and acetophenones, and their cytotoxicity was tested via MTT assay against human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231, human melanoma IGR39, human pancreatic carcinoma Panc-1, and prostate cancer cell line PPC-1. Furthermore, the selectivity of compounds towards cancer cells compared to fibroblasts was also investigated. Four compounds were identified as the most promising anticancer agents out of a series of pyrrolidinone-hydrazone derivatives bearing a diphenylamine moiety. These compounds were most selective against the prostate cancer cell line PPC-1 and the melanoma cell lines IGR39, with EC50 values in the range of 2.5-20.2 µM against these cell lines. In general, the compounds were less active against triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line, and none of them showed an inhibitory effect on the migration of these cells. In the 'wound healing' assay, N'-((5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)methylene)-5-oxo-1-(4-(phenylamino)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbohydrazide was identified as the most promising derivative that could be further developed as an antimetastatic agent. N'-(5-chloro- and N'-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-5-oxo-1-(4-(phenylamino)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbohydrazides most efficiently reduced the cell viability in IGR39 cell spheroids, while there was no effect of the investigated pyrrolidinone-hydrazone derivatives on PPC-1 3D cell cultures. Antioxidant activity determined via FRAP assay of N'-(1-(4-aminophenyl)ethylidene)-5-oxo-1-(4-(phenylamino)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbohydrazide was 1.2 times higher than that of protocatechuic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Zubrickė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.Z.); (I.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Ilona Jonuškienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.Z.); (I.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Kristina Kantminienė
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Tumosienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.Z.); (I.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Vilma Petrikaitė
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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5
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Dukel M, Fiskin K. Combination of PAKs inhibitors IPA-3 and PF-3758309 effectively suppresses colon carcinoma cell growth by perturbing DNA damage response. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:340-354. [PMID: 35939342 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PAKs proteins are speculated as new promising targets for cancer therapy due to their central role in many oncogenic pathways. Because PAKs proteins are very significant during carcinogenesis, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that inhibition of PAKs with IPA-3 and PF-3758309 treatment could synergistically reduce colon carcinoma cell growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic effects of both drugs were determined by a cell viability assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The effects of inhibitor drugs on marker genes of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle, and DNA damage were tested via immunoblotting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We found out the synergistic effect of these drugs in pair on five colon cancer cell lines. Combined treatment with IPA-3+PF-3758309 in SW620 and Colo 205 cells markedly suppressed colon formation and induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy compared with treatment with each drug alone. Additionally, this combination sensitized colon cancer cells to ionizing radiation that resulted in inhibition of cell growth. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, our findings show for the first time that cotreatment of IPA-3 with PF-3758309 exhibits superior inhibitory effects on colon carcinoma cell growth via inducing DNA damage-related cell death and also enforces a cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Dukel
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Art and Science, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Kayahan Fiskin
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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6
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Gao X, Wang Y, Ribeiro CF, Manokaran C, Chang H, Von T, Rodrigues S, Cizmecioglu O, Jia S, Korpal M, Korn JM, Wang Z, Schmit F, Jiang L, Pagliarini R, Yang Y, Sethi I, Signoretti S, Yuan GC, Loda M, Zhao JJ, Roberts TM. Blocking PI3K p110β Attenuates Development of PTEN-Deficient Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:673-685. [PMID: 35105671 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A common outcome of androgen deprivation in prostate cancer therapy is disease relapse and progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) via multiple mechanisms. To gain insight into the recent clinical findings that highlighted genomic alterations leading to hyperactivation of PI3K, we examined the roles of the commonly expressed p110 catalytic isoforms of PI3K in a murine model of Pten-null invasive CRPC. While blocking p110α had negligible effects in the development of Pten-null invasive CRPC, either genetic or pharmacological perturbation of p110β dramatically slowed CRPC initiation and progression. Once fully established, CRPC tumors became partially resistant to p110β inhibition, indicating the acquisition of new dependencies. Driven by our genomic analyses highlighting potential roles for the p110β/RAC/PAK1 and β-Catenin pathways in CRPC, we found that combining p110β with RAC/PAK1 or tankyrase inhibitors significantly reduced the growth of murine and human CRPC organoids in vitro and in vivo. Since p110β activity is dispensable for most physiological processes, our studies support novel therapeutic strategies both for preventing disease progression into CRPC and for treating CRPC. Implications: This work establishes p110β as a promising target for preventing the progression of primary PTEN-deficient prostate tumors into CRPC, and for treating established CRPC in combination with RAC/PAK1 or tankyrase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Gao
- pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Yubao Wang
- Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Caroline F Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shidong Jia
- Translational Medicine, Huidu Shanghai Medical Sciences
| | | | - Joshua M Korn
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | | | | | - Yi Yang
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research
| | | | | | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | | | - Jean J Zhao
- Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
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The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123565. [PMID: 34944073 PMCID: PMC8700304 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and the regulation of cell morphology. Some members of the PAK family are highly expressed in several types of cancer, and they have also been implicated in several other medical disorders. They are thus considered to be good targets for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Although there are several inhibitors of the PAKs, the utility of some of these inhibitors is reduced for several reasons, including limited metabolic stability. One way to overcome this problem is the use of nanoparticles, which have the potential to increase drug delivery. The overall goals of this review are to describe the roles for PAK kinases in cell signaling and disease, and to describe how the use of nanomedicine is a promising new method for administering PAK inhibitors for the purpose of disease treatment and research. We discuss some of the basic mechanisms behind nanomedicine technology, and we then describe how these techniques are being used to package and deliver PAK inhibitors.
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Jia B, Yu S, Yu D, Liu N, Zhang S, Wu A. Mycotoxin deoxynivalenol affects myoblast differentiation via downregulating cytoskeleton and ECM-integrin-FAK-RAC-PAK signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112850. [PMID: 34607188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a common mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminates cereal grains and feed in field or during processing and storage. DON elicits a spectrum of adverse effects in animals including anorexia and growth retardation. Especially, the presence of DON has also been detected in muscle, suggesting that DON may has the potential to affect the development of muscle. However, the relevant research is very rare and the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Myoblasts differentiation into multinucleated myotubes is one of the crucial steps of skeletal muscle development. In the present study, we investigated the effects of DON on differentiation of myoblasts using murine C2C12 cells model. The results indicated that DON dose-dependent inhibited the formation of myotubes in C2C12 cells. After performing omics techniques, a total of 149 differentially expressed genes were identified. The expression of cytoskeleton proteins and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins were downregulated by DON. Furthermore, DON significantly downregulated the expression of integrin αv and integrin β5, leading to inhibition of the ECM-integrin receptor interaction. The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and phosphorylated forms, ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (RAC) and p21-activated kinases 1 (PAK1) were also downregulated by DON. Taken together, our findings suggest that DON has the potent to affect the differentiation of myoblasts via downregulating of cytoskeleton and ECM-integrin-FAK-RAC-PAK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxuan Jia
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Song Yu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Dianzhen Yu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Na Liu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Aibo Wu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Mirzaei S, Hashemi F, Samarghandian S, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Ang HL, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Ahn KS, Nabavi N, Khan H, Makvandi P, Varma RS. Gallic acid for cancer therapy: Molecular mechanisms and boosting efficacy by nanoscopical delivery. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112576. [PMID: 34571052 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Majority of recent research efforts in the field aim to address why cancer resistance to therapy develops and how to overcome or prevent it. In line with this, novel anti-cancer compounds are desperately needed for chemoresistant cancer cells. Phytochemicals, in view of their pharmacological activities and capacity to target various molecular pathways, are of great interest in the development of therapeutics against cancer. Plant-derived-natural products have poor bioavailability which restricts their anti-tumor activity. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid exclusively found in natural sources such as gallnut, sumac, tea leaves, and oak bark. In this review, we report on the most recent research related to anti-tumor activities of GA in various cancers with a focus on its underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular pathwaysthat that lead to apoptosis and migration of cancer cells. GA down-regulates the expression of molecular pathways involved in cancer progression such as PI3K/Akt. The co-administration of GA with chemotherapeutic agents shows improvements in suppressing cancer malignancy. Various nano-vehicles such as organic- and inorganic nano-materials have been developed for targeted delivery of GA at the tumor site. Here, we suggest that nano-vehicles improve GA bioavailability and its ability for tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Phd student of pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hui Li Ang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Cao L, Huang C, Cui Zhou D, Hu Y, Lih TM, Savage SR, Krug K, Clark DJ, Schnaubelt M, Chen L, da Veiga Leprevost F, Eguez RV, Yang W, Pan J, Wen B, Dou Y, Jiang W, Liao Y, Shi Z, Terekhanova NV, Cao S, Lu RJH, Li Y, Liu R, Zhu H, Ronning P, Wu Y, Wyczalkowski MA, Easwaran H, Danilova L, Mer AS, Yoo S, Wang JM, Liu W, Haibe-Kains B, Thiagarajan M, Jewell SD, Hostetter G, Newton CJ, Li QK, Roehrl MH, Fenyö D, Wang P, Nesvizhskii AI, Mani DR, Omenn GS, Boja ES, Mesri M, Robles AI, Rodriguez H, Bathe OF, Chan DW, Hruban RH, Ding L, Zhang B, Zhang H. Proteogenomic characterization of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell 2021; 184:5031-5052.e26. [PMID: 34534465 PMCID: PMC8654574 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor patient survival. Toward understanding the underlying molecular alterations that drive PDAC oncogenesis, we conducted comprehensive proteogenomic analysis of 140 pancreatic cancers, 67 normal adjacent tissues, and 9 normal pancreatic ductal tissues. Proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and glycoproteomic analyses were used to characterize proteins and their modifications. In addition, whole-genome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, methylation, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) were performed on the same tissues to facilitate an integrated proteogenomic analysis and determine the impact of genomic alterations on protein expression, signaling pathways, and post-translational modifications. To ensure robust downstream analyses, tumor neoplastic cellularity was assessed via multiple orthogonal strategies using molecular features and verified via pathological estimation of tumor cellularity based on histological review. This integrated proteogenomic characterization of PDAC will serve as a valuable resource for the community, paving the way for early detection and identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Cao
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Chen Huang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel Cui Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Yingwei Hu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - T Mamie Lih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Sara R Savage
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karsten Krug
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David J Clark
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Michael Schnaubelt
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | | | | | - Weiming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jianbo Pan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yongchao Dou
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuxing Liao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiao Shi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nadezhda V Terekhanova
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Song Cao
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Rita Jui-Hsien Lu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Ruiyang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Houxiang Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Peter Ronning
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Yige Wu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Matthew A Wyczalkowski
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Hariharan Easwaran
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ludmila Danilova
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arvind Singh Mer
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Seungyeul Yoo
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
| | - Joshua M Wang
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Wenke Liu
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mathangi Thiagarajan
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Scott D Jewell
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | | | | | - Qing Kay Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Michael H Roehrl
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
| | | | - D R Mani
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily S Boja
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehdi Mesri
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Oliver F Bathe
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 631110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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11
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Chen A, Liu Z, Wu Q, Li H. Disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 2 promotes invasion of colorectal cancer by activating PAK1 and promoting MMP7 expression. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:923-935. [PMID: 33974241 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis (DAAM) family, including DAAM1 and DAAM2, is key regulators in Wnt signaling pathway. Although the oncogenic role of Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated in several lines, the expression and function of DAAM in CRC are still obscure. OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and function of DAAM in CRC. METHODS DAAM1 and DAAM2 expression in high grade dysplasia (HGD), CRCs and corresponding adjacent tissues were detected with qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The prognostic significance of DAAM1/2 were estimated with univariate and multivariate analyses. Moreover, the correlations between clinicopathological factors and DAAM were evaluated with the χ2 test. With experiments in vitro, we investigated the function of DAAM2 in CRC cell proliferation and invasion, and investigated the underlying mechanism of how DAAM2 facilitated CRC invasion. RESULTS DAAM2, instead of DAAM1, was substantially up-regulated in CRCs compared with paired adjacent normal tissues and HGDs. The ratio of high DAAM1 and DAAM2 expression accounted for 44.83% and 46.31%, respectively. High DAAM2, instead of DAAM1, was a risk factor indicating an unfavorable prognosis of CRC. In multivariate analysis, high DAAM2 was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker of CRC predicting poor prognosis. With experiments in vitro, DAAM2 promoted invasion of CRC cells via activating PAK1 and promoting the expression of MMP7, suggesting an essential role of DAAM2 in CRC invasion. CONCLUSIONS High expression of DAAM2, instead of DAAM1, indicated an unfavorable prognosis of CRC independently, which suggested that detecting DAAM2 can help define the high-risk patients. DAAM2 activated PAK1 and promoted MMP7 expression and facilitated the invasion of CRC cells, indicating that DAAM2 may be a potential drug target of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Chen
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Quanyan Wu
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Hailin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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12
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Liposomes Targeting P21 Activated Kinase-1 (PAK-1) and Selective for Secretory Phospholipase A 2 (sPLA 2) Decrease Cell Viability and Induce Apoptosis in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249396. [PMID: 33321758 PMCID: PMC7764208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
P21 activated kinases (or group I PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases whose expression is altered in prostate and breast cancers. PAK-1 activity is inhibited by the small molecule "Inhibitor targeting PAK-1 activation-3" (IPA-3), which has selectivity for PAK-1 but is metabolically unstable. Secretory Group IIA phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) expression correlates to increased metastasis and decreased survival in many cancers. We previously designed novel liposomal formulations targeting both PAK-1 and sPLA2, called Secretory Phospholipase Responsive liposomes or SPRL-IPA-3, and demonstrated their ability to alter prostate cancer growth. The efficacy of SPRL against other types of cancers is not well understood. We addressed this limitation by determining the ability of SPRL to induce cell death in a diverse panel of cells representing different stages of breast cancer, including the invasive but non-metastatic MCF-7 cells, and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells such as MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-435. We investigated the role of sPLA2 in the disposition of these liposomes by comparing the efficacy of SPRL-IPA-3 to IPA-3 encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL-IPA-3), a formulation shown to be less sensitive to sPLA2. Both SSL-IPA-3 and SPRL-IPA-3 induced time- and dose-dependent decreases in MTT staining in all cell lines tested, but SPRL-IPA-3-induced effects in metastatic TNBC cell lines were superior over SSL-IPA-3. The reduction in MTT staining induced by SPRL-IPA-3 correlated to the expression of Group IIA sPLA2. sPLA2 expression also correlated to increased induction of apoptosis in TNBC cell lines by SPRL-IPA-3. These data suggest that SPRL-IPA-3 is selective for metastatic TNBC cells and that the efficacy of SPRL-IPA-3 is mediated, in part, by the expression of Group IIA sPLA2.
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13
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Verma A, Najahi-Missaoui W, Cummings BS, Somanath PR. Sterically stabilized liposomes targeting P21 (RAC1) activated kinase-1 and secreted phospholipase A 2 suppress prostate cancer growth and metastasis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:179. [PMID: 32934746 PMCID: PMC7471734 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has a very high mortality rate in men, in Western countries and lacks reliable treatment. The advanced-stage PCa cells overexpress P21 (RAC1) activated kinase-1 (PAK1) and secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) suggesting the potential utility of pharmacologically targeting these molecules to treat metastatic PCa. The small molecule, inhibitor targeting PAK1 activation-3 (IPA3) is a highly specific allosteric inhibitor of PAK1; however, it is metabolically unstable once in the plasma thus, limiting its utility as a chemotherapeutic agent. In the present study, the efficacy and specificity of IPA3 were combined with the stability and the sPLA2-targeted delivery method of two sterically stabilized liposomes [sterically stabilized long-circulating liposomes (SSL)-IPA3 and sPLA2 responsive liposomes (SPRL)-IPA3, respectively] to inhibit PCa growth and metastasis. It was found that twice-a-week administration of either SSL-IPA3 or SPRL-IPA3 for 3 weeks effectively suppressed the growth of PC-3 cell tumor xenografts implanted in athymic nude mice. Both drug formulations also inhibited the metastasis of intravenously administered murine RM1 PCa cells to the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. Whereas the twice-a-week administration of SSL-IPA3 significantly inhibited the spontaneous PCa metastasis to the lungs in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate mice, the administration of free IPA3 had no significant therapeutic benefit. The results present two novel IPA3 encapsulated liposomes to treat metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Verma
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Wided Najahi-Missaoui
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Brian S. Cummings
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30602, USA
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30602, USA
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14
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Verma A, Artham S, Alwhaibi A, Adil MS, Cummings BS, Somanath PR. PAK1 inhibitor IPA-3 mitigates metastatic prostate cancer-induced bone remodeling. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113943. [PMID: 32240651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has high mortality and a poor 5-year survival rate primarily due to the lack of effective treatments. Bone is the primary site of PCa metastasis in humans and the development of reliable therapeutic options for bone metastatic PCa will make a huge impact in reducing the mortality among these patients. Although P21 activated kinases (PAKs) have been studied in the past for their role in cancer, the efficacy of targeting PAKs to treat lung and bone metastatic PCa has not been tested yet. In the current study, we report that targeting PAK1 using IPA-3, an allosteric inhibitor of PAK1 kinase activity, significantly inhibits the murine metastatic PCa (RM1) cell proliferation and motility in vitro, and metastasis to the lungs in vivo. More importantly, we demonstrate for the first time that treatment with IPA-3 can blunt metastatic PCa-induced bone remodeling in vivo as analyzed by the 3-dimensional microcomputer tomography analysis. Our study has identified IPA-3 as a potential drug to treat bone metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Verma
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Sandeep Artham
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Mir S Adil
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Brian S Cummings
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, United States; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, United States
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States; Department of Medicine and Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
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