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Hsiao WW, Lau KM, Chien SC, Chu FH, Chung WH, Wang SY. Antifungal Activity of Cedrol from Cunninghamia lanceolate var. konishii against Phellinus noxius and Its Mechanism. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:321. [PMID: 38276778 PMCID: PMC10821468 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Phellinus noxius is a highly destructive fungus that causes brown root disease in trees, leading to decay and death. In Taiwan, five prized woods-Taiwania cryptomerioides, Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana, Cunninghamia lanceolata var. konishii, Chamaecyparis formosensis, and Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana-are known for their fragrance and durability. This study aims to explore the anti-brown-root-rot-fungus activity of Cunninghamia lanceolata var. konishii (CL) essential oil (CLOL) and its primary components, while also delving into their mechanisms of action and inhibition pathways. The essential oil (CLOL) from CL wood demonstrated significant efficacy against P. noxius, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 37.5 µg/mL. Cedrol, the major component (78.48%) in CLOL, emerged as a potent antifungal agent, surpassing the reference drug triflumizole. Further assays with cedrol revealed a stronger anti-brown-root-disease activity (IC50 = 15.7 µg/mL) than triflumizole (IC50 = 32.1 µg/mL). Scanning electron microscopy showed deformation and rupture of fungal hyphae treated with CLOL and cedrol, indicating damage to the fungal cell membrane. Cedrol-induced oxidative stress in P. noxius was evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and fungal apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Gel electrophoresis confirmed cedrol-induced DNA fragmentation, whereas TUNEL staining demonstrated increased apoptosis with rising cedrol concentrations. Moreover, protein expression analysis revealed cedrol-triggered release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-9, and subsequent caspase-3 activation, initiating a caspase cascade reaction. This groundbreaking study establishes cedrol as the first compound to induce apoptosis in P. noxius while inhibiting its growth through oxidative stress, an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability, and activation of the mitochondrial pathway. The findings offer compelling evidence for cedrol's potential as an effective antifungal agent against the destructive brown root disease caused by P. noxius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Hsiao
- Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Ka-Man Lau
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Chang Chien
- Experimental Forest Management Office, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
| | - Fang-Hua Chu
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106217, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Hsin Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Yang Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
- Special Crop and Metabolome Discipline Cluster, Academy Circle Economy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Chen Y, Zhang LL, Wang W, Wang G. Recent updates on bioactive properties of α-terpineol. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2023.2196515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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Pan X, Xiao H, Hu X, Liu ZL. Insecticidal activities of the essential oil of Rhynchanthus beesianus rhizomes and its constituents against two species of grain storage insects. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:83-89. [PMID: 36130869 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate insecticidal activities of the essential oil of Rhynchanthus beesianus rhizomes against adults of Liposcelis entomophila and Tribolium castaneum. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed the presence of 44 compounds with β-eudesmol (19.1%), elemol (8.1%), α-terpineol (8.0%), methyl eugenol (6.5%), and caryophyllene (4.8%) being the major constituents. Bioactivity-directed chromatographic separation of the oil led to the isolation of four constituents, elemol, β-eudesmol, methyl eugenol, and α-terpineol. The essential oil exhibited fumigant toxicity against the adults of L. entomophila and T. castaneum with LC50 values of 0.57 and 4.96 mg/L air while the two isolates, methyl eugenol and α-terpineol possessed fumigant toxicity against the booklice (LC50 = 0.15 and 0.48 mg/L air, respectively) and the beetles (LC50 = 1.81 and 4.96 mg/L air, respectively). The oil also possessed contact toxicity against the booklice and the beetles with LD50 values of 121.56 μg/cm2 and 54.93 μg/adult, respectively, while the two isolates β-eudesmol and elemol showed contact toxicity against L. entomophila (LD50 = 99.21 and 35.19 μg/cm2, respectively) and T. castaneum (LD50 = 35.26 and 8.89 μg/adult, respectively). The results indicate that the oil of R. beesianus rhizomes and its isolates have potential as a source for natural insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Pan
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - He Xiao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinping Hu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhi Long Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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Oladipupo SO, Hu XP, Appel AG. Essential Oils in Urban Insect Management-A Review. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1375-1408. [PMID: 35791493 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The allures of city life have culminated in the rise of urban populations resulting in conditions that promote the establishment of certain insect pests. Globally, the public health significance of these urban insect pests is enormous, ranging from billions of dollars to loss of lives. Most chemical insecticides no longer provide the anticipated level of control, and significant insecticide resistance has been reported. Therefore, there has been a spike in interest for alternatives to conventional insecticides. Among them, natural products from plants such as essential oils (EOs) and essential oil components (EOCs) have enjoyed the most attention owing to widespread reports of efficacy and toxicity even against insecticide-resistant urban insects. Yet, there is no comprehensive synthesis on the extent and impact of the management of urban insects using EOs or EOCs. Such a review is highly relevant since it provides a means to assess the extent of progress made, shortfalls, limitations, and prospects. More so, we hope it can be used to make informed decisions and develop relevant policies reliably. We present the ranges of insecticidal effects of EOs, EOCs, and commercially available EO-based products from laboratory and field studies. Finally, we discuss the gaps in our knowledge and prospects for the sustainable use of EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Oladipupo
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - X P Hu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - A G Appel
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
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Abstract
AbstractTerpineols are monocyclic monoterpene tertiary alcohols which are naturally present in plant species. There are five common isomers of terpineols, alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- and terpinen-4-ol, of which α-terpineol and its isomer terpinen-4-ol are the most common terpineols found in nature. α-Terpineol plays an important role in the industrial field. It has a pleasant odor similar to lilacs and it is a common ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatic scents.In addition, α-terpineol attracts a great interest as it has a wide range of biological applications as an antioxidant, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, antihypertensive, anti-nociceptive compound. It is also used to enhance skin penetration, and also has insecticidal properties. This study reviews the relevance of α-terpineol based on scientific findings on Google Scholar, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus and Chemical Abstracts.Collectively, the use of α-terpineol in medicine and in the pharmaceutical industry plays an important role in therapeutic applications. This review will, therefore, support future research in the utilization of α-terpineol.
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de Sena Filho JG, Barreto IC, Soares Filho AO, Nogueira PCL, Teodoro AV, Cruz da Silva AV, Xavier HS, Rabbani ARC, Spakowicz DJ, Duringer JM. Volatile Metabolomic Composition of Vitex Species: Chemodiversity Insights and Acaricidal Activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1931. [PMID: 29184560 PMCID: PMC5694497 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Vitex genus (Lamiaceae) produces a plethora of metabolites that include ecdysteroids and terpenoids, some of which have demonstrated insect repellent properties. The volatile composition of several members of this genus has not been chemically defined, as many taxa are endemic to remote ecosystems. In this study, leaves were collected from the northeast of Brazil from Vitex capitata, V. megapotamica, V. gardneriana, and V. rufescens plants and examined for their chemical profile via GC-MS/FID of essential oil extracts. The analyses showed a diversity of terpenoids. Of particular note were seven-member ring sesquiterpenes which were present in great abundance; a dendrogram showed clades separating by the production of bicyclogermacrene, aromadendrane and 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids for the four species. Comparison of volatile metabolite profiles to 13 other Vitex species showed strong similarities in the production of some monoterpenes, but varied by their production of larger terpenes, especially those with gem-dimethylcyclopropyl subunits on seven-member ring compounds. From this work, we suggest that the sesquiterpene skeleton with seven member rings is a good chemosystematic biomarker candidate for the Vitex genus. Separation using this biomarker was then validated using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat profiling. Lastly, experiments examining the toxicity of these four oils against the coconut mite Aceria guerreronis showed that only the oil of V. gardneriana had strong acaricidal activity, with an LC50 of 0.85 mg/mL, thus demonstrating its potential for use as a natural pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- José G. de Sena Filho
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Ighor C. Barreto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Avaldo O. Soares Filho
- Herbário HUESBVC, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Conquista, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. L. Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Química Orgânica de Sergipe, Departamento de Química – CCET, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Adenir V. Teodoro
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Ana V. Cruz da Silva
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Haroudo S. Xavier
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Allívia R. C. Rabbani
- Bahia Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology – IFBA, Porto Seguro, Brazil
| | - Daniel J. Spakowicz
- Program in Comparative Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Duringer
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Jennifer M. Duringer,
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Wang R, Zhi X, Li J, Xu H. Synthesis of Novel Oxime Sulfonate Derivatives of 2'(2',6')-(Di)chloropicropodophyllotoxins as Insecticidal Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6668-6674. [PMID: 26166302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To discover novel natural-product-based pesticidal agents, we prepared a series of oxime sulfonate derivatives of 2'(2',6')-(Di)chloropicropodophyllotoxins by structural modification of podophyllotoxin. Their structures were well-characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), optical rotation, and melting point. Moreover, the key steric structure of compound 5f was unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Additionally, their insecticidal activity was evaluated at 1 mg/mL against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata Walker), a typical lepidopteran pest. Among all derivatives, compounds 4c, 5c, and 5d exhibited more promising insecticidal activity, with the final mortality rates greater than 60%, when compared to their precursor podophyllotoxin and the positive control, toosendanin. It demonstrated that introduction of the chlorine atom at the C-2' or C-2',6' position on the E ring of picropodophyllotoxin or oxime sulfonate derivatives of picropodophyllotoxin was important for the insecticidal activity and introduction of a halogen (e.g., fluorine, chlorine, or bromine) atom-substituted phenylsulfonyl group on the oxime fragment of 2'(2',6')-(di)chloropicropodophyllones could lead to more promising compounds.
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Yu X, Ding G, Zhi X, Xu H. Insight into reduction of obacunone, and their ester derivatives as insecticidal agents against Mythimna separata Walker. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:25-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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