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Tilaye G, Palanivel H, Sundramurthy VP, Kumar R, Shah S, Yeshitila A, Baskar G. Teff (Eragrostis tef) phytochemicals: Isolation, identification, and assessment of allelopathic and antimicrobial potential for pollution control and environmental sustainability. Microb Pathog 2024; 199:107206. [PMID: 39647541 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
Setaria pumila (SP) and latuca sativa are the prominent teff (Eragrostis tef) weeds negatively impacting yield. The allelopathic (weed-suppressing) effects of ten teff varieties were examined for plant growth inhibitory effects, as well as for antagonism against certain major plant infections caused by bacteria and their subsequent antioxidant properties. The in vitro germination and antimicrobial assays were carried out in controlled laboratory settings. The teff cultivar DZ-Cr-387 suppressed weed germination and had substantial allelopathic potential. Both teff shoot and root extracts were noted to have an allelopathic influence on experimental seed germination in comparison to the control. Observations were made on the germination percentage, rate of germination, and germination duration. Additionally, extracts from teff shoots and roots showed significant free radical scavenging activity. Reactive oxygen species, or ROS, have been demonstrated to operate as both signalling compounds and harmful molecules that can oxidatively affect plant tissues throughout all stages of their lifecycle. The highest level of inhibition was reported in DZ-Cr-387 and DZ-01-1681, with a free radical scavenging potential of 85 percentage. The allelopathic teff varieties were also clustered together, indicating that these teff varieties have the potential for allelopathic and anti-microbial capabilities. These allelopathic chemicals can be employed as part of eco-friendly weed management strategies, to generate antimicrobial compositions to combat plant diseases for sustainable agriculture and for use in organic farming. Utilizing these teff varieties will benefit organic farmers by lowering their reliance on chemical inputs in traditional farming systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebiyaw Tilaye
- Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology and Bioprocess, Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, PO Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 30726, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Hemalatha Palanivel
- School of Agriculture, Mohan Babu University, Sree Sainath Nagar, Tirupati, 517102, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Venkatesa Prabhu Sundramurthy
- Centre for Natural Products and Functional Foods, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641 021, India; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641 021, India
| | - Ravneel Kumar
- School of Agriculture and Environment, College of Sciences, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6140, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Shipra Shah
- Department of Forestry, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, P. O. Box 1544, Nausori, Fiji
| | - Alazar Yeshitila
- Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology and Bioprocess, Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, PO Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gurunathan Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, 6000119, India; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Akbar R, Sun J, Bo Y, Khattak WA, Khan AA, Jin C, Zeb U, Ullah N, Abbas A, Liu W, Wang X, Khan SM, Du D. Understanding the Influence of Secondary Metabolites in Plant Invasion Strategies: A Comprehensive Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:3162. [PMID: 39599372 PMCID: PMC11597624 DOI: 10.3390/plants13223162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
The invasion of non-native plant species presents a significant ecological challenge worldwide, impacting native ecosystems and biodiversity. These invasive plant species significantly affect the native ecosystem. The threat of invasive plant species having harmful effects on the natural ecosystem is a serious concern. Invasive plant species produce secondary metabolites, which not only help in growth and development but are also essential for the spread of these plant species. This review highlights the important functions of secondary metabolites in plant invasion, particularly their effect on allelopathy, defense system, interaction with micro soil biota, and competitive advantages. Secondary metabolites produced by invasive plant species play an important role by affecting allelopathic interactions and herbivory. They sometimes change the soil chemistry to make a viable condition for their proliferation. The secondary metabolites of invasive plant species inhibit the growth of native plant species by changing the resources available to them. Therefore, it is necessary to understand this complicated interaction between secondary metabolites and plant invasion. This review mainly summarizes all the known secondary metabolites of non-native plant species, emphasizing their significance for integrated weed management and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasheed Akbar
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22062, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Jianfan Sun
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanwen Bo
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
| | - Wajid Ali Khattak
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Amir Abdullah Khan
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
| | - Cheng Jin
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
| | - Umar Zeb
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Najeeb Ullah
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Adeel Abbas
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shah Masaud Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22062, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (R.A.)
- Jingjiang College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Grosu (Dumitrescu) C, Jîjie AR, Manea HC, Moacă EA, Iftode A, Minda D, Chioibaş R, Dehelean CA, Vlad CS. New Insights Concerning Phytophotodermatitis Induced by Phototoxic Plants. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1019. [PMID: 39202761 PMCID: PMC11355232 DOI: 10.3390/life14081019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The present review explores the underlying mechanisms of phytophotodermatitis, a non-immunologic skin reaction triggered by certain plants followed by exposure to ultraviolet radiation emitted by sunlight. Recent research has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of phytophotodermatitis, highlighting the interaction between plant-derived photosensitizing compounds (e.g., furanocoumarins and psoralens) and ultraviolet light leading to skin damage (e.g., erythema, fluid blisters, edema, and hyperpigmentation), identifying these compounds as key contributors to the phototoxic reactions causing phytophotodermatitis. Progress in understanding the molecular pathways involved in the skin's response to these compounds has opened avenues for identifying potential therapeutic targets suitable for the management and prevention of this condition. The review emphasizes the importance of identifying the most common phototoxic plant families (e.g., Apiaceae, Rutaceae, and Moraceae) and plant species (e.g., Heracleum mantegazzianum, Ruta graveolens, Ficus carica, and Pastinaca sativa), as well as the specific phytochemical compounds responsible for inducing phytophototoxicity (e.g., limes containing furocoumarin have been linked to lime-induced photodermatitis), underscoring the significance of recognizing the dangerous plant sources. Moreover, the most used approaches and tests for accurate diagnosis such as patch testing, Wood's lamp examination, or skin biopsy are presented. Additionally, preventive measures such as adequate clothing (e.g., long-sleeved garments and gloves) and treatment strategies based on the current knowledge of phytophotodermatitis including topical and systemic therapies are discussed. Overall, the review consolidates recent findings in the field, covering a diverse array of phototoxic compounds in plants, the mechanisms by which they trigger skin reactions, and the implications for clinical management. By synthesizing these insights, we provide a comprehensive understanding of phytophotodermatitis, providing valuable information for both healthcare professionals and researchers working to address this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Grosu (Dumitrescu)
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (A.-R.J.); (E.-A.M.); (A.I.); (C.-A.D.)
| | - Alex-Robert Jîjie
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (A.-R.J.); (E.-A.M.); (A.I.); (C.-A.D.)
| | - Horaţiu Cristian Manea
- Faculty of Medicine, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 94 Revolutiei Bv., 310025 Arad, Romania
- Timisoara Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital, 5 Take Ionescu Bv., 300062 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena-Alina Moacă
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (A.-R.J.); (E.-A.M.); (A.I.); (C.-A.D.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrada Iftode
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (A.-R.J.); (E.-A.M.); (A.I.); (C.-A.D.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daliana Minda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research and Processing Center for Medical and Aromatic Plants (Plant-Med), “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raul Chioibaş
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- CBS Medcom Hospital, 12th Popa Sapca Street, 300047 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina-Adriana Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (A.-R.J.); (E.-A.M.); (A.I.); (C.-A.D.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Sebastian Vlad
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Kocaçalışkan İ, Korkut ŞV, Aktaş E, Yalçın M, Özgentürk NÖ. A comprehensive Study of Juglone's Effect on Polyphenol Oxidase in Cucumber: In Vitro Experiments and Computational Docking and Dynamics Insights. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14420. [PMID: 38956780 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the impact of juglone on cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Beith Alpha), scrutinizing its effects on seed germination, growth, and the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme's activity and gene expression. Employing concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.5 mM, we found juglone's effects to be concentration-dependent. At lower concentrations (0.01 and 0.1 mM), juglone promoted root and shoot growth along with germination, whereas higher concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 mM) exerted inhibitory effects, delineating a threshold for its allelopathic influence. Notably, PPO activity surged, especially at 0.5 mM in roots, hinting at oxidative stress involvement. Real-time PCR unveiled that juglone modulates PPO gene expression in cotyledons, peaking at 0.1 mM and diminishing at elevated levels. Correlation analyses elucidated a positive link between juglone-induced root growth and cotyledon PPO gene expression but a negative correlation with heightened root enzyme activity. Additionally, germination percentage inversely correlated with root PPO activity, while PPO activities positively associated with dopa and catechol substrates in both roots and cotyledons. Molecular docking studies revealed juglone's selective interactions with PPO's B chain, suggesting regulatory impacts. Protein interaction assessments highlighted juglone's influence on amino acid metabolism, and molecular dynamics indicated juglone's stronger, more stable binding to PPO, inferring potential alterations in enzyme function and stability. Conclusively, our findings elucidate juglone's dose-dependent physiological and biochemical shifts in cucumber plants, offering insights into its role in plant growth, stress response, and metabolic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Kocaçalışkan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Şenay Vural Korkut
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letter, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Emre Aktaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letter, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Merve Yalçın
- Institute of Science and Technology, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nehir Özdemir Özgentürk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letter, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Türkiye
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5
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Zeng Y, Yang X, Xia Z, Chen R, He F, Zhang J, He P. Review of Allelopathy in Green Tides: The Case of Ulva prolifera in the South Yellow Sea. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:456. [PMID: 38927336 PMCID: PMC11201074 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The proliferation of large green macroalgae in marine environments has led to the occurrence of green tides, particularly in the South Yellow Sea region of China, where Ulva prolifera has been identified as the primary species responsible for the world's largest green tide events. Allelopathy among plants is a critical factor influencing the dynamics of green tides. This review synthesizes previous research on allelopathic interactions within green tides, categorizing four extensively studied allelochemicals: fatty acids, aldehydes, phenols, and terpenes. The mechanisms by which these compounds regulate the physiological processes of green tide algae are examined in depth. Additionally, recent advancements in the rapid detection of allelochemicals are summarized, and their potential applications in monitoring green tide events are discussed. The integration of advanced monitoring technologies, such as satellite observation and environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis, with allelopathic substance detection is also explored. This combined approach addresses gaps in understanding the dynamic processes of green tide formation and provides a more comprehensive insight into the mechanisms driving these phenomena. The findings and new perspectives presented in this review aim to offer valuable insights and inspiration for researchers and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinqing Zeng
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Xinlan Yang
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Zhangyi Xia
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Runze Chen
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Faqing He
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Jianheng Zhang
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Peimin He
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.X.); (R.C.); (F.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Kumar N, Singh H, Giri K, Kumar A, Joshi A, Yadav S, Singh R, Bisht S, Kumari R, Jeena N, Khairakpam R, Mishra G. Physiological and molecular insights into the allelopathic effects on agroecosystems under changing environmental conditions. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:417-433. [PMID: 38633277 PMCID: PMC11018569 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01440-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Allelopathy is a natural phenomenon of competing and interfering with other plants or microbial growth by synthesizing and releasing the bioactive compounds of plant or microbial origin known as allelochemicals. This is a sub-discipline of chemical ecology concerned with the effects of bioactive compounds produced by plants or microorganisms on the growth, development and distribution of other plants and microorganisms in natural communities or agricultural systems. Allelochemicals have a direct or indirect harmful effect on one plant by others, especially on the development, survivability, growth, and reproduction of species through the production of chemical inhibitors released into the environment. Cultivation systems that take advantage of allelopathic plants' stimulatory/inhibitory effects on plant growth and development while avoiding allelopathic autotoxicity is critical for long-term agricultural development. Allelopathy is one element that defines plant relationships and is involved in weed management, crop protection, and microbial contact. Besides, the allelopathic phenomenon has also been reported in the forest ecosystem; however, its presence depends on the forest type and the surrounding environment. In the present article, major aspects addressed are (1) literature review on the impacts of allelopathy in agroecosystems and underpinning the research gaps, (2) chemical, physiological, and ecological mechanisms of allelopathy, (3) genetic manipulations, plant defense, economic benefits, fate, prospects and challenges of allelopathy. The literature search and consolidation efforts in this article shall pave the way for future research on the potential application of allelopathic interactions across various ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Kumar
- Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248006 India
- Present Address: College of Agriculture, Central Agriculture University (I), Kyrdemkulai, Meghalaya, India
| | - Hukum Singh
- Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248006 India
| | - Krishna Giri
- Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun, 248006 India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Hill University, Tura Campus, Tura, 794002 India
| | - Amit Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kalinga University, Naya-Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492101 India
| | | | - Ranjeet Singh
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Itanagar, Arunchal Pradesh, India
| | - Sarita Bisht
- Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248006 India
| | - Rama Kumari
- Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248006 India
| | - Neha Jeena
- Department of Microbiology, Central University, Rajasthan, 305817 India
| | - Rowndel Khairakpam
- School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248001 India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun, 248006 India
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Likkei K, Moldenhauer M, Tavraz NN, Maksimov EG, Sluchanko NN, Friedrich T. Lipid composition and properties affect protein-mediated carotenoid uptake efficiency from membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184241. [PMID: 37866690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are pigments of diverse functions ranging from coloration over light-harvesting to photoprotection. Yet, the number of carotenoid-binding proteins, which mobilize these pigments in physiological media, is limited, and the mechanisms of carotenoid mobilization are still not well understood. The same applies for the determinants of carotenoid uptake from membranes into carotenoproteins, especially regarding the dependence on the chemical properties of membrane lipids. Here, we investigate xanthophyll uptake capacity and kinetics of a paradigmatic carotenoid-binding protein, the homolog of the Orange Carotenoid Protein's C-terminal domain from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (AnaCTDH), using liposomes formed from defined lipid species and loaded with canthaxanthin (CAN) and echinenone (ECN), respectively. Phospholipids with different chain length and degree of saturation were investigated. The composition of carotenoid-loaded liposomes directly affected the incorporation yield and storage ratio of CAN and ECN as well as the rate of carotenoid uptake by AnaCTDH. Generally, saturated PC lipids were identified as unsuitable, and a high phase transition temperature of the lipids negatively affected the carotenoid incorporation and storage yield. For efficient carotenoid transfer, the velocity increases with increasing chain length or membrane thickness. An average transfer yield of 93 % and 43 % were obtained for the formation of AnaCTDH(CAN) and AnaCTDH(ECN) holoproteins, respectively. In summary, the most suitable lipids for the formation of AnaCTDH(CAN/ECN) holoproteins by carotenoid transfer from artificial liposomes are phosphatidylcholine (18:1) and phosphatidylglycerol (14:0). Thus, these two lipids provide the best conditions for further investigation of lipid-protein interaction and the carotenoid uptake process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Likkei
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Moldenhauer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Neslihan N Tavraz
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikolai N Sluchanko
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33-1, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Akmukhanova NR, Leong YK, Seiilbek SN, Konysbay A, Zayadan BK, Sadvakasova AK, Sarsekeyeva FK, Bauenova MO, Bolatkhan K, Alharby HF, Chang JS, Allakhverdiev SI. Eco-friendly biopesticides derived from CO 2-Fixing cyanobacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117419. [PMID: 37852466 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
There is currently an escalating global demand for the utilization of plant and natural extracts as pesticides due to their minimal health risks. Cyanobacteria are highly valuable organisms with significant potential in agriculture and are of great interest for the development of agrochemical agents as biopesticides. The flexibility and adaptability of Cyanobacteria to various environmental conditions are facilitated by the presence of specialized enzymes involved in the production of biologically active diverse secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, lipopolysaccharides, non-protein amino acids, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides, terpenoids, and others. This review focuses on the metabolites synthesized from cyanobacteria that have demonstrated effectiveness as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal agents, insecticides, herbicides, and more. The potential role of cyanobacteria as an alternative to chemical pesticides for environmental conservation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurziya R Akmukhanova
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Sandugash N Seiilbek
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigerim Konysbay
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Bolatkhan K Zayadan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Assemgul K Sadvakasova
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Fariza K Sarsekeyeva
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Meruyert O Bauenova
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Kenzhegul Bolatkhan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32003, Taiwan.
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Wang Q, Zhou X, He S, Wang W, Ma D, Wang Y, Zhang H. Receptor Plants Alleviated Allelopathic Stress from Invasive Chenopodium ambrosioides L. by Upregulating the Production and Autophagy of Their Root Border Cells. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3810. [PMID: 38005707 PMCID: PMC10674979 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Chenopodium ambrosioides L. is an invasive plant native to the Neotropics that has seriously threatened the ecological security of China, and allelopathy is one of the mechanisms underlying its successful invasion. Maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), as the main food crops, are usually affected by C. ambrosioides in their planting areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ultrastructure, autophagy, and release-related gene expression of receptor plant root border cells (RBCs) after exposure to volatile oil from C. ambrosioides and its main component α-terpene, which were studied using maize and soybean as receptor plants. The volatiles inhibited root growth and promoted a brief increase in the number of RBCs. As the volatile concentration increased, the organelles in RBCs were gradually destroyed, and intracellular autophagosomes were produced and continuously increased in number. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes involved in the synthesis of the plasma membrane and cell wall components in receptor root cells were significantly up-regulated, particularly those related to cell wall polysaccharide synthesis. Meanwhile, polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterases (PME) exhibited up-regulated expression, and PME activity also increased. The contribution of α-terpene to this allelopathic effect of C. ambrosioides volatile oil exceeded 70%. Based on these results, receptor plant root tips may increase the synthesis of cell wall substances while degrading the intercellular layer, accelerating the generation and release of RBCs. Meanwhile, their cells survived through autophagy of RBCs, indicating the key role of RBCs in alleviating allelopathic stress from C. ambrosioides volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xijie Zhou
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Shengli He
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wenguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Danwei Ma
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; (Q.W.); (X.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.W.); (H.Z.)
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10
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Li J, Jin L, Lv Y, Ding Y, Yan K, Zhang H, Pan Y, Shang Q. Inducible Cytochrome P450s in the Fat Body and Malpighian Tubules of the Polyphagous Pests of Spodoptera litura Confer Xenobiotic Tolerance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14517-14526. [PMID: 37773746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 plays vital roles in detoxifying xenobiotics. In this study, SlCYP340A and SlCYP340L expression in the Spodoptera litura fat body and SlCYP332A1, SlCYP6AB12, SlCYP6AB58, SlCYP6AB59, and SlCYP6AN4 expression in the Malpighian tubules were significantly upregulated after cyantraniliprole exposure, and SlCYP6AB58 and SlCYP6AB59 expression levels were simultaneously increased in the Malpighian tubules after gossypol treatment. Drosophila ectopically expressing candidate P450 genes showed that SlCYP332A1, SlCYP6AB12, SlCYP6AB59, SlCYP6AN4, and SlCYP340A conferred cyantraniliprole tolerance. The overexpression of SlCYP6AB58 and SlCYP6AB59 in Drosophila increased the number of eggs laid under the gossypol treatment. Moreover, the knockdown of SlCYP332A1, SlCYP6AB12, SlCYP6AB59, SlCYP6AN4, and SlCYP340A increased S. litura mortality under the cyantraniliprole treatment. Homology modeling and molecular docking results suggested that candidate P450 has the potential to bind with cyantraniliprole. These results indicate that the CYP3 and CYP4 genes participate in cyantraniliprole detoxification and that SlCYP6AB59 may be simultaneously involved in the gossypol tolerance of S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yuntong Lv
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yaping Ding
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Hang Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
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11
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Yedra VÁ, Otero P, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J, Reigosa MJ, Sánchez-Moreiras AM, Hussain MI. Testing the role of allelochemicals in different wheat cultivars to sustainably manage weeds. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:2625-2638. [PMID: 36890109 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selecting wheat varieties with allelopathic potential or high competitiveness against weeds is a sustainable solution for organic farming to eliminate the use of synthetic herbicides. Wheat is one of the most economically important crops. This study focuses on screening the allelopathic or competitive potential of four wheat cultivars, Maurizio, NS 40S, Adesso and Element, on two weeds of interest due to acquired herbicide resistance, Portulaca oleracea and Lolium rigidum, through germination and growth bioassays and the identification and quantification of benzoxazinoids (BXZs) and polyphenols (phenolic acids and flavonoids). RESULTS The different cultivars showed different abilities to manage surrounding weeds and different capacity to exude or accumulate specialized metabolites in the presence of those weeds. Furthermore, each cultivar behaved differently depending on the weed present in the medium. The most efficient cultivar to control the tested monocot and dicot weeds was Maurizio, as it effectively controlled germination and growth of L. rigidum and P. oleracea while exuding large amounts of benzoxazinones through the roots, especially the hydroxamic acids 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one and dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxaxin-3(4H)-one. By contrast, NS 40S, Adesso and Element showed the potential to control the growth of just one of the two weeds through allelopathy or competition. CONCLUSION This study reveals that Maurizio is the most promising wheat cultivar for sustainable weed control, and that the screening of crop varieties with allelopathic potential, which results in the displacement of synthetic herbicides, is an immediate solution in ecological and sustainable agriculture. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vieites-Álvarez Yedra
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Manuel J Reigosa
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Adela M Sánchez-Moreiras
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Iftikhar Hussain
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain
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12
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Casanova LM, Macrae A, de Souza JE, Neves Junior A, Vermelho AB. The Potential of Allelochemicals from Microalgae for Biopesticides. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091896. [PMID: 37176954 PMCID: PMC10181251 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in agricultural productivity are required to meet the demand of a growing world population. Phytopathogens, weeds, and insects are challenges to agricultural production. The toxicity and widespread application of persistent synthetic pesticides poses a major threat to human and ecosystem health. Therefore, sustainable strategies to control pests are essential for agricultural systems to enhance productivity within a green paradigm. Allelochemicals are a less persistent, safer, and friendly alternative to efficient pest management, as they tend to be less toxic to non-target organisms and more easily degradable. Microalgae produce a great variety of allelopathic substances whose biocontrol potential against weeds, insects, and phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria has received much attention. This review provides up-to-date information and a critical perspective on allelochemicals from microalgae and their potential as biopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Biotechnology Center-Bioinovar, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrew Macrae
- Sustainable Biotechnology and Microbial Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Elis de Souza
- Biotechnology Center-Bioinovar, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Athayde Neves Junior
- Biotechnology Center-Bioinovar, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alane Beatriz Vermelho
- Biotechnology Center-Bioinovar, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
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13
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Hickman DT, Comont D, Rasmussen A, Birkett MA. Novel and holistic approaches are required to realize allelopathic potential for weed management. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10018. [PMID: 37091561 PMCID: PMC10121234 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Allelopathy, that is, plant-plant inhibition via the release of secondary metabolites into the environment, has potential for the management of weeds by circumventing herbicide resistance. However, mechanisms underpinning allelopathy are notoriously difficult to elucidate, hindering real-world application either in the form of commercial bioherbicides or allelopathic crops. Such limited application is exemplified by evidence of limited knowledge of the potential benefits of allelopathy among end users. Here, we examine potential applications of this phenomenon, paying attention to novel approaches and influential factors requiring greater consideration, with the intention of improving the reputation and uptake of allelopathy. Avenues to facilitate more effective allelochemical discovery are also considered, with a view to stimulating the identification of new compounds and allelopathic species. Synthesis and Applications: We conclude that tackling increasing weed pressure on agricultural productivity would benefit from greater integration of the phenomenon of allelopathy, which in turn would be greatly served by a multi-disciplinary and exhaustive approach, not just through more effective isolation of the interactions involved, but also through greater consideration of factors which may influence them in the field, facilitating optimization of their benefits for weed management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin T. Hickman
- Protecting Crops and the EnvironmentRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton BoningtonUK
| | - David Comont
- Protecting Crops and the EnvironmentRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
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Li J, Lv Y, Liu Y, Bi R, Pan Y, Shang Q. Inducible Gut-Specific Carboxylesterase SlCOE030 in Polyphagous Pests of Spodoptera litura Conferring Tolerance between Nicotine and Cyantraniliprole. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4281-4291. [PMID: 36877657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides tolerance in herbivorous arthropods is associated with preadaptation to host plant allelochemicals. However, how plant secondary metabolites activate detoxifying metabolic genes to develop tolerance remains unclear. Herein, the tolerance of Spodoptera litura larvae to cyantraniliprole was increased after nicotine exposure. An S. litura α esterase, SlCOE030, was predominantly expressed in the midgut and induced after exposure to cyantraniliprole, nicotine, and cyantraniliprole plus nicotine. Drosophila melanogaster with ectopically overexpressed SlCOE030 enhanced cyantraniliprole and nicotine tolerance by 4.91- and 2.12-fold, respectively. Compared to UAS-SlCOE030 and Esg-GAL4 lines, the Esg > SlCOE030 line laid more eggs after nicotine exposure. SlCOE030 knockdown decreased the sensitivity of nicotine-treated S. litura larvae to cyantraniliprole. Metabolism assays indicated that recombinant SlCOE030 protein metabolizes cyantraniliprole. Homology modeling and molecular docking analysis demonstrated that SlCOE030 exhibits effective affinities for cyantraniliprole and nicotine. Thus, insect CarEs may result in the development of cross-tolerance between synthetic insecticides and plant secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Yuntong Lv
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Yajing Liu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Rui Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
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15
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Facenda G, Real M, Galán-Pérez JA, Gámiz B, Celis R. Soil Effects on the Bioactivity of Hydroxycoumarins as Plant Allelochemicals. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1278. [PMID: 36986966 PMCID: PMC10053971 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil plays a primary role in the activity of plant allelochemicals in natural and agricultural systems. In this work, we compared the phytotoxicity of three natural hydroxycoumarins (umbelliferone, esculetin, and scopoletin) to different model plant species (Lactuca sativa, Eruca sativa, and Hordeum vulgare) in Petri dishes, and then selected the most phytotoxic compound (umbelliferone) to assess how its adsorption and dissipation in two distinct soils affected the expression of its phytotoxic activity. The root growth inhibitory effect of umbelliferone was significantly greater than that of esculetin and scopoletin, and the dicot species (L. sativa and E. sativa) were more sensitive to the hydroxycoumarins than the monocot species (H. vulgare). For all three plant species tested, the phytotoxicity of umbelliferone decreased in the following order: soilless (Petri dishes) > soil 1 > soil 2. In soil 2 (alkaline), umbelliferone displayed negligible adsorption (Kf < 0.01) and rapid biodegradation (t1/2 = 0.2-0.8 days), and its phytotoxicity was barely expressed. In soil 1 (acid), umbelliferone displayed enhanced adsorption (Kf = 2.94), slower biodegradation (t1/2 = 1.5-2.1 days), and its phytotoxicity was better expressed than in soil 2. When the microbial activity of soil 2 was suppressed by autoclaving, the phytotoxicity of umbelliferone, in the presence of soil, became similar to that observed under soilless conditions. The results illustrate how soil processes can reduce the allelopathic activity of hydroxycoumarins in natural and agricultural ecosystems, and suggest scenarios where the bioactivity of hydroxycoumarins may be better expressed.
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16
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Gallinger J, Rid-Moneta M, Becker C, Reineke A, Gross J. Altered volatile emission of pear trees under elevated atmospheric CO 2 levels has no relevance to pear psyllid host choice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:43740-43751. [PMID: 36658318 PMCID: PMC10076355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of climate change drivers on cultivated plants and pest insects has come into research focus. One of the most significant drivers is atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is converted into primary plant metabolites by photosynthesis. Increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations therefore affect plant chemistry. The chemical composition of non-volatile and volatile organic compounds of plants is used by insects to locate and identify suitable host plants for feeding and reproduction. We investigated whether elevated CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere affect the plant-pest interaction in a fruit crop of high economic importance in Europe. Therefore, potted pear trees were cultivated under specified CO2 conditions in a Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) facility at Geisenheim University in Germany for up to 14 weeks, beginning from bud swelling. We compared emitted volatiles from these pear trees cultivated for 7 and 14 weeks under two different CO2 levels (ambient: ca. 400 ppm and elevated: ca. 450 ppm CO2) and their impact on pest insect behavior. In total, we detected and analyzed 76 VOCs from pear trees. While we did not detect an overall change in VOC compositions, the relative release of single compounds changed in response to CO2 increase. Differences in VOC release were inconsistent over time (phenology stages) and between study years, indicating interactions with other climate parameters, such as temperature. Even though insect-plant interaction can rely on specific volatile compounds and specific mixtures of compounds, respectively, the changes of VOC patterns in our field study did not impact the host choice behavior of C. pyri females. In olfactometer trials, 64% and 60% of the females preferred the odor of pear trees cultivated under elevated CO2 for 7 and 14 weeks, respectively, over the odor from pear trees cultivated under ambient CO2. In binary-choice oviposition assays, C. pyri females laid most eggs on pears during April 2020; on average, 51.9 (± 51.3) eggs were laid on pears cultivated under eCO2 and 60.3 (± 48.7) eggs on aCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannicke Gallinger
- Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants, Schwabenheimer Str. 101, 69221, Dossenheim, Germany.
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Margit Rid-Moneta
- Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants, Schwabenheimer Str. 101, 69221, Dossenheim, Germany
| | - Christine Becker
- Department of Crop Protection, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Str. 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Annette Reineke
- Department of Crop Protection, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Str. 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gross
- Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants, Schwabenheimer Str. 101, 69221, Dossenheim, Germany
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Singh M, Daehler CC. Meta-analytic evidence that allelopathy may increase the success and impact of invasive grasses. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14858. [PMID: 36846446 PMCID: PMC9951799 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the grass family, a disproportionate number of species have been designated as being invasive. Various growth traits have been proposed to explain the invasiveness of grasses; however, the possibility that allelopathy gives invasive grasses a competitive advantage has attracted relatively little attention. Recent research has isolated plant allelochemicals that are mostly specific to the grass family that can breakdown into relatively stable, toxic byproducts. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of studies on grass allelopathy to test three prominent hypotheses from invasion biology and competition theory: (1) on native recipients, non-native grasses will have a significantly more negative effect compared to native grasses (Novel Weapons Hypothesis); (2) among native grasses, their effect on non-native recipients will be significantly more negative compared to their effect on native recipients (Biotic Resistance Hypothesis); and (3) allelopathic impacts will increase with phylogenetic distance (Phylogenetic Distance Hypothesis). From 23 studies, we gathered a dataset of 524 observed effect sizes (delta log response ratios) measuring the allelopathic impact of grasses on growth and germination of recipient species, and we used non-linear mixed-effects Bayesian modeling to test the hypotheses. Results We found support for the Novel Weapons Hypothesis: on native recipients, non-native grasses were twice as suppressive as native grasses (22% vs 11%, respectively). The Phylogenetic Distance Hypothesis was supported by our finding of a significant correlation between phylogenetic distance and allelopathic impact. The Biotic Resistance Hypothesis was not supported. Overall, this meta-analysis adds to the evidence that allelochemicals may commonly contribute to successful or high impact invasions in the grass family. Increased awareness of the role of allelopathy in soil legacy effects associated with grass invasions may improve restoration outcomes through implementation of allelopathy-informed restoration practices. Examples of allelopathy-informed practices, and the knowledge needed to utilize them effectively, are discussed, including the use of activated carbon to neutralize allelochemicals and modify the soil microbial community.
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Zhou X, Xiao Y, Ma D, Xie Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang Y. The competitive strategies of poisonous weeds Elsholtzia densa Benth. on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau: Allelopathy and improving soil environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1124139. [PMID: 37152182 PMCID: PMC10161901 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1124139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The competitive strategies of plants play a crucial role in their growth. Allelopathy is one of the weapons that plants use to improve their competitive advantage. Methods In order to explore the competitive strategy of a poisonous weed Elsholtzia densa Benth. (E. densa) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), the effects of decomposing substances of E. densa on growth, root border cells (RBCs) characteristics of highland crop highland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and soil environment were determined. Results The decomposing allelopathic effect of E. densa on the germination and seedling growth of highland barley mainly occurred in the early stage of decomposing. The allelopathic effects were mainly on seed germination and root growth of highland barley. After treatment with its decomposing solution, the RBC's mucilage layer of highland barley thickened, and the RBC's activity decreased or even apoptosis compared with the control. However, only the above-ground part of the treatment group showed a significant difference. The effects of E. densa decomposed substances on the soil environment were evaluated from soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community. The results showed that soil bacteria varied greatly in the early stage of decomposion under different concentrations of E. densa. In addition, E. densa decomposing substances increased the soil nutrient content, extracellular enzyme activities, and bacterial community diversity. In the process of decomposition, the bacterial community structure changed constantly, but Actinobacteriota was always the dominant phylum. Discussion These results indicated that E. densa might adopt the following two strategies to help it gain an advantage in the competition: 1. Release allelochemicals that interfere with the defense function of surrounding plants and directly inhibit the growth and development of surrounding plants. 2. By changing the physical and chemical properties of soil and extracellular enzyme activity, residual plant decomposition can stimulate soil microbial activity, improve soil nutrition status, and create a more suitable soil environment for growth.
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Ghitti E, Rolli E, Crotti E, Borin S. Flavonoids Are Intra- and Inter-Kingdom Modulator Signals. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122479. [PMID: 36557733 PMCID: PMC9781135 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a broad class of secondary metabolites with multifaceted functionalities for plant homeostasis and are involved in facing both biotic and abiotic stresses to sustain plant growth and health. Furthermore, they were discovered as mediators of plant networking with the surrounding environment, showing a surprising ability to perform as signaling compounds for a multitrophic inter-kingdom level of communication that influences the plant host at the phytobiome scale. Flavonoids orchestrate plant-neighboring plant allelopathic interactions, recruit beneficial bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, counteract pathogen outbreak, influence soil microbiome and affect plant physiology to improve its resilience to fluctuating environmental conditions. This review focuses on the diversified spectrum of flavonoid functions in plants under a variety of stresses in the modulation of plant morphogenesis in response to environmental clues, as well as their role as inter-kingdom signaling molecules with micro- and macroorganisms. Regarding the latter, the review addresses flavonoids as key phytochemicals in the human diet, considering their abundance in fruits and edible plants. Recent evidence highlights their role as nutraceuticals, probiotics and as promising new drugs for the treatment of several pathologies.
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20
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Silva RMGD, Amâncio IFN, Andrade ARD, Marinho Dos Santos VH, Santiago PS, Oliveira Granero F, Malaguti Figueiredo CC, Pereira Silva L. Phytotoxic, cytogenotoxic, and insecticidal activities of compounds from extracts of freshwater Lyngbya sp. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:881-895. [PMID: 35891612 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2102100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of agroecology has promoted the discovery of new bioactive compounds that might act as biocides to control infections and microbial contamination. Algae belonging to Lyngbya genus produce several allelochemicals, which are compounds with crop protection potential. The present study aimed to examine primary and secondary compounds derived from Lyngbya sp. extracts (aqueous and hydroethanolic) on phytotoxic, cytogenotoxic, and insecticidal activities. Determination of compounds indicated the presence predominantly of proteins and flavonoids. The extracts presented physicochemical characteristics that produced (1) 89% germination inhibition using hydroethanolic extract and (2) diminished development of seedlings of L. sativa by hydroethanolic extract as evidenced by reduced radicles length in 83.54%. Aqueous and hydroethanolic Lyngbya sp. extracts significantly interfered with meristematic cells of A. cepa, as evidenced by chromosomal alterations and aberrant mitotic phases in cells. Extracts also exhibited pro-oxidative activity and a potent insecticidal potential on S. zeamais, indicating that the hydroethanolic extract produced 100% insect mortality at 75 mg/ml after 48 hr while the aqueous extract initiated 90% mortality at the same concentration after 82 hr. Therefore, data demonstrate that Lyngbya genus provides basic information for new environmental and ecotoxicological studies to seek a possible source of proteins and flavonoids to be used in agroecological management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regildo Márcio Gonçalves da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Phytotherapic and Natural Products, Assis, Brazil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Aníbal Reinaldo de Andrade
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Phytotherapic and Natural Products, Assis, Brazil
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21
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Anand U, Vaishnav A, Sharma SK, Sahu J, Ahmad S, Sunita K, Suresh S, Dey A, Bontempi E, Singh AK, Proćków J, Shukla AK. Current advances and research prospects for agricultural and industrial uses of microbial strains available in world collections. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156641. [PMID: 35700781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are an important component of the ecosystem and have an enormous impact on human lives. Moreover, microorganisms are considered to have desirable effects on other co-existing species in a variety of habitats, such as agriculture and industries. In this way, they also have enormous environmental applications. Hence, collections of microorganisms with specific traits are a crucial step in developing new technologies to harness the microbial potential. Microbial culture collections (MCCs) are a repository for the preservation of a large variety of microbial species distributed throughout the world. In this context, culture collections (CCs) and microbial biological resource centres (mBRCs) are vital for the safeguarding and circulation of biological resources, as well as for the progress of the life sciences. Ex situ conservation of microorganisms tagged with specific traits in the collections is the crucial step in developing new technologies to harness their potential. Type strains are mainly used in taxonomic study, whereas reference strains are used for agricultural, biotechnological, pharmaceutical research and commercial work. Despite the tremendous potential in microbiological research, little effort has been made in the true sense to harness the potential of conserved microorganisms. This review highlights (1) the importance of available global microbial collections for man and (2) the use of these resources in different research and applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and industry. In addition, an extensive literature survey was carried out on preserved microorganisms from different collection centres using the Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS. This review also emphasizes knowledge gaps and future perspectives. Finally, this study provides a critical analysis of the current and future roles of microorganisms available in culture collections for different sustainable agricultural and industrial applications. This work highlights target-specific potential microbial strains that have multiple important metabolic and genetic traits for future research and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland; Plant-Soil Interaction Group, Agroscope (Reckenholz), Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sushil K Sharma
- National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (ICAR-NBAIM), Mau 275 103, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jagajjit Sahu
- GyanArras Academy, Gothapatna, Malipada, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751029, India
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Jai Prakash University, Saran, Chhapra 841301, Bihar, India
| | - Kumari Sunita
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009, India
| | - S Suresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462 003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Amit Kishore Singh
- Department of Botany, Bhagalpur National College, (A Constituent unit of Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University), Bhagalpur 812007, Bihar, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Shukla
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya (affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya) 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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22
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Inuloxin A Inhibits Seedling Growth and Affects Redox System of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. and Lepidium sativum L. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020302. [PMID: 35204800 PMCID: PMC8869190 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelochemicals are considered an environment-friendly and promising alternative for weed management, although much effort is still needed for understanding their mode of action and then promoting their use in plant allelopathy management practices. Here, we report that Inuloxin A (InA), an allelochemical isolated from Dittrichia viscosa, inhibited root elongation and growth of seedlings of Lycopersicon esculentum and Lepidium sativum at the highest concentrations tested. InA-induced antioxidant responses in the seedlings were investigated by analysing the contents of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (ASC), and their oxidized forms, dehydroascorbate (DHA), and glutathione disulphide (GSSG), as well as the redox state of thiol-containing proteins. An increase in ASC, DHA, and GSH levels at high concentrations of InA, after 3 and 6 days, were observed. Moreover, the ASC/DHA + ASC and GSH/GSSG + GSH ratios showed a shift towards the oxidized form. Our study provides the first insight into how the cell redox system responds and adapts to InA phytotoxicity, providing a framework for further molecular studies.
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23
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Duke SO. Success, despite another plague year. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:7-11. [PMID: 34874600 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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24
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Zhao P, Xue H, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Li D, Ji J, Niu L, Gao X, Luo J, Cui J. Silencing of cytochrome P450 gene CYP321A1 effects tannin detoxification and metabolism in Spodoptera litura. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:895-902. [PMID: 34843814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450 or CYP) plays an important role in the metabolism of insecticides and plant allelochemicals by insects. CYP321B1, a novel Spodoptera litura P450 gene, was identified and characterized. CYP321B1 contains a 1488 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a 495 amino acid protein. In fourth instar larvae, the highest CYP321B1 expression levels were found in the midgut and fat body. In the tannin feeding test, tannin can significantly induce the expression of CYP321B1 in the midgut and fat body of 4th instar larvae. To verify the function of CYP321B1, RNA interference and metabolome analysis were performed. The results showed that silencing CYP321B1 significantly reduced the rate of weight gain under tannin induction. Metabolome analysis showed silencing affected 47 different metabolites, mainly involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism, including amino acids, lipid fatty acids, organic acids and their derivatives. Henoxyacetic acid and cysteamine are the most highly regulated metabolites, respectively. These findings demonstrate that CYP321B1 plays an important role in tannin detoxification and metabolism. Functional knowledge about metabolite detoxification genes in this major herbivorous insect pest can provide new insights into this biological process and provide new targets for agricultural pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Dongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jichao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Lin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Junyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jinjie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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25
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Diversity of resident plant communities could weaken their allelopathic resistance against alien and native invaders. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractElton’s classic diversity-invasibility hypothesis posits that diversity of resident communities increases resistance against invaders. We tested whether the diversity-invasibility relationsip might be mediated by allelopathic effects of the resident species. In a large germination experiment, we exposed seeds of six alien and six native test species to leachates of one, three, six or twelve species. The leachates tended to slightly delay germination, and almost all single-species leachates reduced the proportion of germinated seeds. Nevertheless, the overall effect of the plant leachate mixtures on the proportion of germinated seeds was not significant. This was because a higher diversity of the leachates increased the proportion of germinated seeds, particularly for native test species. Among the six alien test species, it was only the most invasive one that benefited from increased diversity of the leachates, just like the natives did. Overall, our findings suggest that allelopathy of diverse communities does not provide resistance but could actually facilitate the germination of invaders.
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