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Ming Q, Morrison WR, Zhu KY, Campbell JF, Scully ED. Effects of nutrition on recovery, mortality, and mobility of adult Tribolium castaneum after exposure to long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39105428 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) has been used to deliver contact insecticides as an integrated pest management tool for stored product insect pests in food facilities. Although the presence of food is known to improve insect recovery after exposure, it is not clear whether food nutritional quality plays a role. Here, the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum adults were exposed to two commercially available LLINs, Carifend (active ingredient α-cypermethrin) and D-Terrence (deltamethrin), then transferred to Petri dishes with foods with varying nutritional quality (e.g., 0-100% ratios of flour to non-nutritive cellulose). We investigated the effects of nutrition, LLIN type, and exposure time on post-exposure recovery, mortality, and mobility. RESULTS After exposure for 2-168 h, the immediate mortality of T. castaneum adults ranged from 0.5% to 91.0% with Carifend and 0% to 75.3% with D-Terrence. Adult recovery and delayed mortality were significantly affected by nutritional quality, LLIN type, exposure time, and recovery time. For both LLINs, adult recovery increased over time, with a trend for higher recovery and lower mortality with increasing nutritional quality and decreasing exposure time. In addition, adult mobility decreased multiple-fold after Carifend or D-Terrence exposure for 30, 60 or 90 min compared to 10 min. CONCLUSION This study shows nutrition significantly modulates the efficacy of LLIN against T. castaneum, and thus strengthens the rationale for implementing stringent sanitation protocols for food facility managers. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglei Ming
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - William R Morrison
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - James F Campbell
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Erin D Scully
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Kavallieratos NG, Boukouvala MC, Eleftheriadou N, Filintas CS, Gidari DLS, Kyrpislidi VPC. Sublethal Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on the Mobility Patterns of Sitophilus spp.: Implications for Pest Management. INSECTS 2024; 15:451. [PMID: 38921166 PMCID: PMC11203773 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Chlorantraniliprole, an anthranilic diamide insecticide, has emerged as a promising solution for controlling agricultural pests because of its low mammalian toxicity and selectivity towards non-target organisms. This study investigated the sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on the mobility behavior of two significant stored-product pests, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Contact toxicity assays revealed varying susceptibility levels between the two species, with S. zeamais showing higher sensitivity. Subsequent analysis of mobility behavior, both in the presence and absence of food, indicated significant differences between chlorantraniliprole-exposed and control groups. While S. oryzae exhibited altered locomotion patterns and a decreased number of food approaches at sublethal concentrations, S. zeamais displayed increased walking time and reduced immobility periods. These findings highlight the importance of considering sublethal effects in understanding the overall impact of chlorantraniliprole on stored-product pests. Further research into the long-term consequences of sublethal exposure is warranted to inform more effective pest management strategies in storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas G. Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (M.C.B.); (N.E.); (C.S.F.); (D.L.S.G.); (V.P.C.K.)
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Ponce MA, Maille JM, Stoll I, James A, Bruce A, Kim TN, Scully ED, Morrison WR. Microbial vectoring capacity by internal- and external-infesting stored product insects after varying dispersal periods between novel food patches: An underestimated risk. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11368. [PMID: 38932970 PMCID: PMC11199339 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ability of internal- and external-infesting stored product insects to vector microbes is important for estimating the relative risk that insects pose to postharvest commodities as they move between habitat patches and in the landscape. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the microbial growth in novel food patches at different dispersal periods by different populations of Sitophilus oryzae (e.g., internal-infesting) and Lasioderma serricorne (e.g., external-infesting). Adults of both species collected from laboratory colonies or field-captured populations were either placed immediately in a novel food patch, or given a dispersal period of 24 or 72 h in a sterilized environment before entering a surrogate food patch. Vectored microbes in new food patches were imaged after 3 or 5 days of foraging, and microbial growth was processed using ImageJ while fungal species were identified through sequencing the ITS4/5 ribosomal subunit. We found that increasing dispersal time resulted in multiple-fold reductions in microbial growth surrogate food patches by L. serricorne but not S. oryzae. This was likely attributable to higher mobility by S. oryzae than L. serricorne. A total of 20 morphospecies were identified from 13 genera among the 59 sequences, with a total of 23% and 16% classified as Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. Our data suggest that there is a persistent risk of microbial contamination by both species, which has important food safety implications at food facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Ponce
- Department of EntomologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA
| | | | - Ian Stoll
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Avery James
- Division of BiologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA
| | - Alexander Bruce
- Department of Plant Pathology and EntomologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Tania N. Kim
- Department of EntomologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA
| | - Erin D. Scully
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health ResearchManhattanKansasUSA
| | - William R. Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health ResearchManhattanKansasUSA
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Ponce MA, Ranabhat S, Bruce A, Van Winkle T, Campbell JF, Morrison Iii WR. Density-mediated foraging behavioral responses of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Sci Rep 2024; 14:12259. [PMID: 38806558 PMCID: PMC11133452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica are cosmopolitan, destructive postharvest pests. Although research has investigated how high densities of T. castaneum affect attraction to the aggregation pheromone by conspecifics, research into the behavioral response of both species to food cues after high density exposure has been lacking despite its importance to foraging ecology. Our goal was to manipulate and observe the effects of crowding on the behavioral response of both species to common food and pheromonal stimuli and to determine how the headspace emission patterns from grain differed under increasing densities. Densities of colonies for both species was altered (10-500 adults) on a fixed quantity of food (10 g of flour or whole wheat), then the behavioral response to common food and pheromonal cues was evaluated in a wind tunnel and release-recapture experiment, while volatiles were examined through gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Importantly, at least for T. castaneum, crowded conditions attenuate attraction to food-based stimuli, but not pheromonal stimuli. Crowding seemed to have no effect on R. dominica attraction to food and pheromonal stimuli in the wind tunnel, but exposure to high density cues did elicit 2.1-3.8-fold higher captures in traps. The relative composition and abundance of headspace volatiles emitted varied significantly with different densities of beetles and was also species-specific. Overall, our results have implications for expanding our understanding of the foraging ecology of two economically important pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Ponce
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 123 Waters Hall, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Sabita Ranabhat
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 123 Waters Hall, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Alexander Bruce
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, 2505 E. J. Chapman Dr., 370 Plant Biotechnology, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Taylor Van Winkle
- School of Planning, Design, and Construction, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James F Campbell
- Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA, 1515 College Ave., Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - William R Morrison Iii
- Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA, 1515 College Ave., Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
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Kavallieratos NG, Boukouvala MC, Pappa APA, Canale A, Benelli G. Being exposed to low concentrations of pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr has detrimental effects on the mobility of Trogoderma granarium. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:5230-5236. [PMID: 37592757 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sublethal effects of insecticides may negatively affect several biological and behavioral traits of insects. The lethal effects of pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr have been previously showed on Trogoderma granarium, but little knowledge is available about their sublethal effects at low concentrations on both sexes. Herein, the sublethal effects of pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr on the mobility of T. granarium males and females were investigated. RESULTS Lethal concentration (LC) values of pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr were lower for T. granarium females than males. LC values on males were LC10 = 0.000788 and 0.00139 mg active ingredient (a.i.) cm-2 , LC30 = 0.00350 and 0.00535 mg a.i. cm-2 , and LC50 = 0.00986 and 0.0136 mg a.i. cm-2 for pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr respectively. LC on females were LC10 = 0.000704 and 0.00110 mg a.i. cm-2 , LC30 = 0.00323 and 0.00428 mg a.i. cm-2 , and LC50 = 0.00925 and 0.0110 mg a.i. cm-2 for pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr respectively. The walking duration of beetles exposed to LC30 of pirimiphos-methyl was significantly lower than the individuals exposed to LC10 and LC30 of both insecticides and control ones. Pirimiphos-methyl LC30 -exposed males remained more time on their back (101.7 s) than females (46.9 s), while the latter stayed immobile longer than males (381.7 s versus 371.9 s). The highest speed was recorded for control beetles (14.17 mm s-1 females vs. 12.44 mm s-1 males), while the lowest speed was observed in pirimiphos-methyl LC30 -treated males (8.36 mm s-1 ) and females (9.66 mm s-1 ). CONCLUSIONS Overall, males and females exposed to low concentrations of pirimiphos-methyl and chlorfenapyr showed reduced motility. This knowledge can be exploited further to unlock behavioral effects of insecticides for effective pest management programs in warehouses. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas G Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Maria C Boukouvala
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Artemis Phoebe A Pappa
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Morrison WR, Brabec D, Bruce A, Arthur FH, Athanassiou CG. Immediate and delayed movement of resistant and susceptible adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) after short exposures to phosphine. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:2066-2074. [PMID: 36700675 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last decade, the evaluation of certain behavioral attributes has been utilized as an indicator of resistance to phosphine. In this context, an underappreciated challenge may be the development of behavioral traits that are related with resistance to phosphine such as the movement to refugia and recovery of stored product insects after short exposures. Thus, the aim of the current study was to track the movement of phosphine-resistant and -susceptible adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which is a major pest of stored products, after brief exposures to phosphine. Exposures were followed for extended intervals to assess the recovery patterns and how those patterns are related to known resistance to phosphine. A video-tracking procedure coupled with Ethovision software was used to assess movement after exposure. RESULTS Overall, we found baseline movement was less for phosphine-resistant T. castaneum, suggesting resistance comes at a considerable fitness cost. In the presence of phosphine (1000 or 3000 ppm), there was a much greater reduction in movement for phosphine-susceptible than phosphine-resistant T. castaneum adults immediately after brief 5-min exposures. Twenty-four hours later, these effects were more variable and less apparent, regardless of the susceptibility level. CONCLUSIONS The initial knockdown associated with successful fumigation may just be a temporary state whereafter insects shortly resume movement and may be able to seek out refugia from phosphine, thereby promoting the development of resistance. Our results strengthen a growing consensus that it is the speed to knockdown that truly matters, with quick knockdown indicating slow recovery and a reduced likelihood for the occurrence of resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Daniel Brabec
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Alexander Bruce
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 370 E. J. Chapman Dr. Plant Biotechnology Building, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Frank H Arthur
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Magnesia, Greece
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Wakil W, Kavallieratos NG, Nika EP, Qayyum MA, Yaseen T, Ghazanfar MU, Yasin M. Combinations of Beauveria bassiana and spinetoram for the management of four important stored-product pests: laboratory and field trials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:27698-27715. [PMID: 36383314 PMCID: PMC9995398 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The current study examines the efficacy of the semi-synthetic insecticide spinetoram and entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) as wheat protectants against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), under laboratory and field trials. One dose of B. bassiana, i.e., 1 × 107 conidia/kg wheat, two doses of spinetoram, i.e., spine1: 0.05 ppm (mg/kg wheat), spine2: 0.1 ppm, and their combinations (Bb + spine1, Bb + spine2) were evaluated at 20, 25, and 30 °C. All treatments provided significantly higher mortality at 30 °C compared with the other two temperatures. Maximum mortality levels were observed in the treatments where B. bassiana was combined with the higher dose of spinetoram (0.1 ppm). All treatments reduced progeny production in comparison with the control groups. Maximum progeny reduction was observed at 30 °C, on wheat treated with the Bb + spine2 combination. The combination Bb + spine2 also provided elevated mortality rates in both laboratory and field persistence trials, but at 180 days caused moderate mortality to all tested insect species. Concerning progeny, at laboratory persistence trials, the combination Bb + spine2 exhibited the lowest offspring emergence to all tested species compared to the other treatments and control. Overall, our study showed that R. dominica was the most susceptible species followed by S. granarius, T. castaneum, and T. granarium. Our findings revealed that the combination of B. bassiana and spinetoram may be a useful tool for efficient and advanced integrated pest management strategies for long storage periods under multiple temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder str. 90, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Nickolas G. Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855 Athens, Attica Greece
| | - Erifili P. Nika
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855 Athens, Attica Greece
| | - Mirza Abdul Qayyum
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000 Pakistan
| | - Taha Yaseen
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100 Pakistan
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Ranabhat S, Zhu KY, Bingham GV, Morrison WR. Mobility of Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) After Exposure to Controlled Release Materials With Existing and Novel Active Ingredients. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:888-903. [PMID: 35429272 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is interest in developing controlled release materials (CRMs) with novel modes of action to improve resistance management. Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) with deltamethrin has been effectively used against stored-product pests. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of different CRMs (LLIN or packaging) with each of four active ingredients (AI) (deltamethrin, permethrin, indoxacarb, and dinotefuran) and compared them to control CRMs in reducing movement and increasing mortality of phosphine-susceptible and -resistant Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. Adults were exposed for 0.5, 2, or 60 min, and movement was assessed immediately or after 24, or 168 h using video-tracking and Ethovision software. We recorded total distance and velocity traveled by adults. Finally, we tested higher rates of each AI on surrogate netting material (e.g., standardized-sized cheesecloth) and varied exposure time to obtain median lethal time (LT50) for each compound and susceptibility. Exposure to LLIN with deltamethrin significantly reduced the movement of both species compared to the other CRMs regardless of their susceptibility to phosphine. Deltamethrin was the most effective AI for both species, while dinotefuran and indoxacarb were the least effective for R. dominica and T. castaneum adults, respectively. Most AIs resulted in appreciable and approximately equivalent mortality at higher concentrations among phosphine-susceptible and -resistant strains. Our results demonstrate that CRMs can be an additional approach to combat phosphine-resistant populations of stored product insects around food facilities. Other compounds such as permethrin, dinotefuran, and indoxacarb are also effective against phosphine-resistant populations of these key stored product insects except indoxacarb for T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita Ranabhat
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS, USA
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Georgina V Bingham
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS, USA
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