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Stockton DG, Kraft L, Dombrowski P, Doucette L, Bosch M, Gutierrez-Coarite R, Manandhar R, Uyeda J, Silva J, Hawkins J, Shikano I. Persistence of widespread moderate Spinosad resistance among wild melon fly (Zeugodacus cucurbitae) and oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) populations on the major Hawaiian islands. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38994798 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insecticide resistance among invasive tephritid fruit flies poses a great risk to national food security and has the potential to disrupt quarantine and eradication programs, which rely on the efficacy of Spinosad to prevent widespread establishment in North America. During 2022 to 2023 we surveyed the extent of Spinosad resistance of two key species, oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, and melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae, from 20 sites across five Hawaiian Islands including Kaua'i, O'ahu, Maui, Molokai and the "Big Island" (Hawai'i). RESULTS We used topical thoracic applications of eight concentrations of Spinosad ranging from 0.028 to 3.6 mg/mL to evaluate the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC99) required to kill wild-caught males. Resistance ratios (RR) were calculated by comparing the LC50 of wild flies to laboratory susceptible lines maintained in colony. Our results identified at least two new sites of concern for melon fly resistance on the Big Island, and at least four sites of concern for oriental fruit fly, all of which were located on the Big Island. At these locations RRs were >5. On O'ahu, melon fly RRs were >10. CONCLUSIONS The persistence of Spinosad resistance is concerning, yet it is a reduction compared to the values reported previously and before changes to Spinosad use recommendations by local extension agents beginning in 2017. For oriental fruit fly, these RR values are the highest levels that have been detected in wild Hawai'i populations. These data suggest that expanded Spinosad reduction and replacement programs are warranted given the ongoing issues with Spinosad resistance in Hawai'i and expansion in the number of species affected. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara G Stockton
- Daniel K. Inouye Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit (TCCPRU), USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Laura Kraft
- Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS), Long Beach Research and Extension Unit, Long Beach, WA, USA
| | - Patricia Dombrowski
- Daniel K. Inouye Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit (TCCPRU), USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Laura Doucette
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Michael Bosch
- Daniel K. Inouye Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit (TCCPRU), USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | - Roshan Manandhar
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, Lihue, HI, USA
| | - Jensen Uyeda
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, O'ahu Cooperative Extension, Pearl City, HI, USA
| | - Joshua Silva
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, O'ahu Cooperative Extension, Pearl City, HI, USA
| | - Jennifer Hawkins
- UH College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Molokai Cooperative Extension, Hoolehua, HI, USA
| | - Ikkei Shikano
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Li D, Cai X, Qi Y, Lu Y, Li X. Lethal, Sublethal, and Offspring Effects of Fluralaner and Dinotefuran on Three Species of Bactrocera Fruit Flies. INSECTS 2024; 15:440. [PMID: 38921155 PMCID: PMC11203614 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Fruit flies cause substantial economic damage, and their management relies primarily on chemical insecticides. However, pesticide resistance has been reported in several fruit fly species, the mitigation of which is crucial to enhancing fruit fly control. Here, we assess the toxicity of a novel insecticide (fluralaner) and a common insecticide (dinotefuran) against three fruit fly species, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), and Bactrocera tau (Walker). Both pesticides exhibit robust lethal and sublethal effects against all three fruit fly species, with fluralaner being more potent. Fluralaner and dinotefuran suppress the reproductive capacities and survival rates of fruit flies. However, at the 50% lethal concentration, fluralaner stimulates the reproductive capacity of B. dorsalis and the survival rate of B. tau. Fluralaner also causes significant transgenerational effects, impacting the offspring hatching rate of B. cucurbitae and B. tau and reducing the proportion of female offspring. Thus, both pesticides exhibit high potential for controlling fruit flies. However, their application should be tailored according to species variations and the diverse effects they may induce. Collectively, the findings of this study outline the sublethal effects of two insecticides against fruit flies, helping to optimize their application to ensure the effective management of insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yongyue Lu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (D.L.); (X.C.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Xinlian Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (D.L.); (X.C.); (Y.Q.)
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Kaplanoglu E, Scott IM, Vickruck J, Donly C. Role of CYP9E2 and a long non-coding RNA gene in resistance to a spinosad insecticide in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304037. [PMID: 38787856 PMCID: PMC11125468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinosads are insecticides used to control insect pests, especially in organic farming where limited tools for pest management exist. However, resistance has developed to spinosads in economically important pests, including Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata. In this study, we used bioassays to determine spinosad sensitivity of two field populations of CPB, one from an organic farm exposed exclusively to spinosad and one from a conventional farm exposed to a variety of insecticides, and a reference insecticide naïve population. We found the field populations exhibited significant levels of resistance compared with the sensitive population. Then, we compared transcriptome profiles between the two field populations to identify genes associated primarily with spinosad resistance and found a cytochrome P450, CYP9E2, and a long non-coding RNA gene, lncRNA-2, were upregulated in the exclusively spinosad-exposed population. Knock-down of these two genes simultaneously in beetles of the spinosad-exposed population using RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in a significant increase in mortality when gene knock-down was followed by spinosad exposure, whereas single knock-downs of each gene produced smaller effects. In addition, knock-down of the lncRNA-2 gene individually resulted in significant reduction in CYP9E2 transcripts. Finally, in silico analysis using an RNA-RNA interaction tool revealed that CYP9E2 mRNA contains multiple binding sites for the lncRNA-2 transcript. Our results imply that CYP9E2 and lncRNA-2 jointly contribute to spinosad resistance in CPB, and lncRNA-2 is involved in regulation of CYP9E2 expression. These results provide evidence that metabolic resistance, driven by overexpression of CYP and lncRNA genes, contributes to spinosad resistance in CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Kaplanoglu
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ian M. Scott
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Vickruck
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Cam Donly
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Wang JJ, Ma C, Tian ZY, Zhou YP, Yang JF, Gao X, Chen HS, Ma WH, Zhou ZS. Electroantennographic and Behavioral Responses of the Melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), to Volatile Compounds of Ridge Gourd, Luffa acutangular L. J Chem Ecol 2024:10.1007/s10886-024-01474-1. [PMID: 38372833 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-024-01474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is a major invasive pest, widely distributed in the Asia-Pacific region and some parts of Africa. Melon fly attractants could improve the effectiveness of current pest management measures. Previous studies have shown that some host fruits are attractive to melon flies but few have investigated the chemical compounds responsible for their attraction. In this study, we aimed to identify the volatile compounds from Luffa acutangula L that attract Z. cucurbitae. In headspace trapping, chemical profiling identified 19 compounds from ridge gourds, with 1-pentadecene being the major component. EAG results revealed that seven compounds elicited antennal responses in Z. cucurbitae, and significant differences in antennal responses between male and female Z. cucurbitae adults were recorded to p-xylene, alpha-pinene, and 1-octadecene. Behavioral experiments demonstrated that the EAG-active compounds methyl isovalerate and methyl myristate had either attractive or repellent effects on Z. cucurbitae at different concentrations, and 1-octadecene attracted Z. cucurbitae. Our findings provide a theoretical basis producing repellents or attractants for effective Integrated Pest Management of Z. cucurbitae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
| | - Zhen Ya Tian
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yong Ping Zhou
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Jin Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
| | - Xuyuan Gao
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Hong Song Chen
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Wei Hua Ma
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhong Shi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572019, China.
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Zhang S, Chen M, Meng L, Dou W, Wang J, Yuan G. Functional analysis of an overexpressed glutathione S-transferase BdGSTd5 involved in malathion and malaoxon detoxification in Bactrocera dorsalis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105498. [PMID: 37532320 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are one of the three detoxification enzyme families. The constitutive and inducible overexpression of GSTs genes plays an important role in insecticide resistance. Previous study showed that malathion resistance was polygenic, and elevated GSTs activity was one of the important factor participating in malathion resistance of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), a serious economic pest worldwide. BdGSTd5 overexpression was inducible upon exposure to malathion. However, the involvement of BdGSTd5 in malathion resistance has not been clarified. In this study, we found that BdGSTd5 sequence harbored the conserved region of delta class GSTs, which were overexpressed in malathion resistant strain of B. dorsalis compared to malathion susceptible strain. The highest mRNA expression level of BdGSTd5 was found in 1-day-old adult, and the levels decreased with aging. The dsBdGSTd5 injection effectively silenced (73.4% reduction) the expression of BdGSTd5 and caused significant increase in susceptibility to malathion with a cumulative mortality increasing of 13.5% at 72 h post malathion treatment (p < 0.05). Cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that BdGSTd5 was capable of malathion detoxification. Molecular docking analysis further indicated the interactive potential of BdGSTd5 with malathion and its toxic oxide malaoxon. The recombinant BdGSTd5 exhibited glutathione-conjugating activity toward 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene and malathion and malaoxon metabolic capacity with significant reduction (p < 0.05) of the peak areas by 90.0% and 73.1%, respectively. Taken together, the overexpressed BdGSTd5 contributes to malathion metabolism and resistance, which detoxify the malathion in B. dorsalis via directly depleting malathion and malaoxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Mengling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Liwei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guorui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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6
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Li Z, Chen M, Bai W, Zhang S, Meng L, Dou W, Wang J, Yuan G. Identification, expression profiles and involvement in insecticides tolerance and detoxification of carboxylesterase genes in Bactrocera dorsalis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105443. [PMID: 37248012 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases (CarEs) are a multifunctional superfamily of enzymes and play an important role in detoxification of various insecticides in insects. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is one of the most destructive agricultural pests and has developed different degrees of resistance to organophosphates in field. However, the involvement of BdCarEs in tolerance or resistance to other alternative insecticides are still unclear. In the present study, 33 BdCarEs genes were identified based on the genome database of B. dorsalis. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that they were classified into nine clades, with abundance of α-esterases. Meanwhile, the sequence characterization and the chromosome distribution were also analyzed. The spatiotemporal expression analysis of BdCarEs genes suggested that the diversity of potential function in different physiological processes. With the exception of BdCarE21, all BdCarEs genes responded to at least one insecticide exposure, and BdCarE20 was found to be up-regulated after exposure to all five tested insecticides individually. Eight BdCarEs genes were overexpressed in MR strain when compared to that in SS strain. Subsequently, knockdown the expression of representative BdCarEs genes significantly increased the susceptibility of the oriental fruit fly to corresponding insecticides, which indicated that the tested BdCarEs genes contributed to one or multiple insecticide detoxification. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential role in respond to tolerance or resistance to insecticides with different mode of action, and will facilitate development of efficiency management strategy for B. dorsalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenjie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liwei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guorui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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7
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Cha DH, Skabeikis D, Kim BS, Lee JC, Choi MY. Insecticidal Properties of Erythritol on Four Tropical Tephritid Fruit Flies, Zeugodacus cucurbitae, Ceratitis capitata, Bactrocera dorsalis, and B. latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050472. [PMID: 37233100 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tephritid fruit flies are among the most destructive agricultural pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide and can impose trade barriers against the movement of fresh tropical commodities. Primary pre-harvest control methods for these flies rely on the spraying of conventional chemical insecticides or bait sprays. However, resistance to these control methods has been reported in fruit flies. Erythritol is a non-nutritive sugar alternative for human consumption, which has been tested and confirmed for its insecticidal properties against various insect pest species. In this study, using laboratory bioassays, we evaluated the insecticidal effect of erythritol alone or various erythritol formulations containing sucrose and/or protein on four tropical fruit fly species established in Hawaii (e.g., melon fly, Mediterranean fruit fly, oriental fruit fly, and Malaysian fruit fly). In addition, the effects of other non-nutritive hexose and pentose sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol, were tested. Among the different standalone and combinatory treatments tested, 1M erythritol and a combinatory formulation of 2M erythritol + 0.5M sucrose appeared to be the most detrimental to the survival of all four species of tested flies, suggesting the potential of using erythritol as a non-toxic management tool for the control of tropical tephritid fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong H Cha
- Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 64 Nowelo St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | - Dominick Skabeikis
- Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 64 Nowelo St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Horticultural Crops Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Bong-Soo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jana C Lee
- Horticultural Crops Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Man-Yeon Choi
- Horticultural Crops Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
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Yuan GR, Chen ML, Peng ML, Lei W, Meng LW, Dou W, Wang JJ. Knockdown of a Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit Gene Bdorβ1 Decreases Susceptibility to Oxa-Bridged trans- instead of cis-Nitromethylene Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Bactrocera dorsalis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13554-13562. [PMID: 36224100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate the fast action of acetylcholine in synaptic cholinergic transmissions. Insect nAChRs are the target of several classes of insecticides. Here, the full-length cDNA encoding a nAChR beta1 subunit (Bdorβ1) was identified and characterized from a destructive pest, Bactrocera dorsalis. The amino acid sequence of Bdorβ1 shows high identities to other insect nAChRs β1 subunits. Double injection of dsBdorβ1 reduced the expression of Bdorβ1 and in turn significantly decreased susceptibility to oxa-bridged trans- instead of cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids. Our results support the involvement of Bdorβ1 in the susceptibility of B. dorsalis to oxa-bridged trans- instead of cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids and imply that these two classes of neonicotinoids might be acting at different nAChR subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Rui Yuan
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Meng-Ling Chen
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Meng-Lan Peng
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Li-Wei Meng
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering (Chongqing), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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9
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Field Tests of Three Alternative Insecticides with Protein Bait for the Development of an Insecticide Rotation Program to Control Melon Flies, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070629. [PMID: 35886806 PMCID: PMC9323022 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Melon flies in Hawaii have developed high levels of resistance to a widely used insecticidal bait containing the active ingredient spinosad. Since farmers relied heavily on this product and have few alternatives, we tested three other insectides mixed with a bait spray called Nu-Lure. The three products (Agri-Mek SC, Mustang Maxx, and Malathion 5EC) were all found to be effective in either decreasing melon fly numbers or suppressing the growth of the population in the field. When used one-by-one in rotation for two weeks per product at one-week intervals on a commercial zucchini farm, melon fly populations were dramatically reduced and the yield of zucchinis harvested was substantially increased. Abstract High levels of resistance to the spinosad-based insecticidal protein bait GF-120 have been detected in some populations of melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in Hawaii in 2017. To provide cucurbit farmers in Hawaii with alternative insecticides, we field-tested the effectiveness of Agri-Mek SC (a.i., abamectin), Mustang Maxx (a.i., zeta-cypermethrin), and Malathion 5EC (a.i., malathion), added to a protein bait spray (Nu-Lure Insect Bait). The insecticide and protein bait combinations were applied to the roosting plants of Z. cucurbitae around the perimeter of the cucurbit fields at one-week intervals. When individually tested, all three insecticides in combination with protein bait significantly reduced or suppressed the numbers of female flies caught in torula yeast traps. A two-week rotation of weekly applications of the three insecticides and GF-120 significantly reduced Z. cucurbitae numbers on a commercial zucchini farm on Maui. The percentage of marketable fruits harvested increased from 51% to 98% after implementing the insecticide rotation. Our findings will be used to provide cucurbit farmers with additional products to control Z. cucurbitae. The future focus will be on educating cucurbit farmers to use the insecticide rotation strategy to prevent or delay resistance development.
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