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Opdensteinen P, Charudattan R, Hong JC, Rosskopf EN, Steinmetz NF. Biochemical and nanotechnological approaches to combat phytoparasitic nematodes. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:2444-2460. [PMID: 38831638 PMCID: PMC11332226 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The foundation of most food production systems underpinning global food security is the careful management of soil resources. Embedded in the concept of soil health is the impact of diverse soil-borne pests and pathogens, and phytoparasitic nematodes represent a particular challenge. Root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes are severe threats to agriculture, accounting for annual yield losses of US$157 billion. The control of soil-borne phytoparasitic nematodes conventionally relies on the use of chemical nematicides, which can have adverse effects on the environment and human health due to their persistence in soil, plants, and water. Nematode-resistant plants offer a promising alternative, but genetic resistance is species-dependent, limited to a few crops, and breeding and deploying resistant cultivars often takes years. Novel approaches for the control of phytoparasitic nematodes are therefore required, those that specifically target these parasites in the ground whilst minimizing the impact on the environment, agricultural ecosystems, and human health. In addition to the development of next-generation, environmentally safer nematicides, promising biochemical strategies include the combination of RNA interference (RNAi) with nanomaterials that ensure the targeted delivery and controlled release of double-stranded RNA. Genome sequencing has identified more than 75 genes in root knot and cyst nematodes that have been targeted with RNAi so far. But despite encouraging results, the delivery of dsRNA to nematodes in the soil remains inefficient. In this review article, we describe the state-of-the-art RNAi approaches targeting phytoparasitic nematodes and consider the potential benefits of nanotechnology to improve dsRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Opdensteinen
- Department of NanoEngineeringUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Nano‐ImmunoEngineeringUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell CollaboratoryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Jason C. Hong
- USDA‐ARS‐U.S. Horticultural Research LaboratoryFort PierceFloridaUSA
| | - Erin N. Rosskopf
- USDA‐ARS‐U.S. Horticultural Research LaboratoryFort PierceFloridaUSA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineeringUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Nano‐ImmunoEngineeringUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell CollaboratoryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute of Engineering in MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Islam MR, Youngblood M, Kim HI, González-Gamboa I, Monroy-Borrego AG, Caparco AA, Lowry GV, Steinmetz NF, Giraldo JP. DNA Delivery by Virus-Like Nanocarriers in Plant Cells. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:7833-7842. [PMID: 38887996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV)-like nanocarriers were designed for gene delivery to plant cells. High aspect ratio TMGMVs were coated with a polycationic biopolymer, poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH), to generate highly charged nanomaterials (TMGMV-PAH; 56.20 ± 4.7 mV) that efficiently load (1:6 TMGMV:DNA mass ratio) and deliver single-stranded and plasmid DNA to plant cells. The TMGMV-PAH were taken up through energy-independent mechanisms in Arabidopsis protoplasts. TMGMV-PAH delivered a plasmid DNA encoding a green fluorescent protein (GFP) to the protoplast nucleus (70% viability), as evidenced by GFP expression using confocal microscopy and Western blot analysis. TMGMV-PAH were inactivated (iTMGMV-PAH) using UV cross-linking to prevent systemic infection in intact plants. Inactivated iTMGMV-PAH-mediated pDNA delivery and gene expression of GFP in vivo was determined using confocal microscopy and RT-qPCR. Virus-like nanocarrier-mediated gene delivery can act as a facile and biocompatible tool for advancing genetic engineering in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Reyazul Islam
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Marina Youngblood
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Hye-In Kim
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Ivonne González-Gamboa
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Adam A Caparco
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Center for Nano-Immuno Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, Moores Cancer Center, and Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Juan Pablo Giraldo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
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Wendlandt T, Britz B, Kleinow T, Hipp K, Eber FJ, Wege C. Getting Hold of the Tobamovirus Particle-Why and How? Purification Routes over Time and a New Customizable Approach. Viruses 2024; 16:884. [PMID: 38932176 PMCID: PMC11209083 DOI: 10.3390/v16060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This article develops a multi-perspective view on motivations and methods for tobamovirus purification through the ages and presents a novel, efficient, easy-to-use approach that can be well-adapted to different species of native and functionalized virions. We survey the various driving forces prompting researchers to enrich tobamoviruses, from the search for the causative agents of mosaic diseases in plants to their increasing recognition as versatile nanocarriers in biomedical and engineering applications. The best practices and rarely applied options for the serial processing steps required for successful isolation of tobamoviruses are then reviewed. Adaptations for distinct particle species, pitfalls, and 'forgotten' or underrepresented technologies are considered as well. The article is topped off with our own development of a method for virion preparation, rooted in historical protocols. It combines selective re-solubilization of polyethylene glycol (PEG) virion raw precipitates with density step gradient centrifugation in biocompatible iodixanol formulations, yielding ready-to-use particle suspensions. This newly established protocol and some considerations for perhaps worthwhile further developments could serve as putative stepping stones towards preparation procedures appropriate for routine practical uses of these multivalent soft-matter nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wendlandt
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Molecular and Synthetic Plant Virology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.W.); (B.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Beate Britz
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Molecular and Synthetic Plant Virology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.W.); (B.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Tatjana Kleinow
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Molecular and Synthetic Plant Virology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.W.); (B.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Katharina Hipp
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Fabian J. Eber
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Badstr. 24, 77652 Offenburg, Germany;
| | - Christina Wege
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Molecular and Synthetic Plant Virology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.W.); (B.B.); (T.K.)
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Duke SO, Marrone PG, Vurro M. The future of microbial bioherbicides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:6-7. [PMID: 38091278 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maurizio Vurro
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
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Charudattan R, Hiebert E, Pettersen MS, Horrell JR, Elliott MS, DeValerio JT, Maia GS, de Oliveira TBCB. Host-virus interaction between tobacco mild green mosaic virus strain U2 and tropical soda apple resulting in systemic hypersensitive necrosis and the host range, survival, spread, and molecular characterization of the virus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:176-191. [PMID: 37770408 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco mild green mosaic virus strain U2 (TMGMV-U2) is a registered active ingredient in a bioherbicide to control tropical soda apple (TSA), Solanum viarum, an invasive weed. As required for registration, we developed empirical data on the host-virus interaction and the virus's host range, survival, spread, and genomic sequence. RESULTS TMGMV-U2 killed TSA plants by causing systemic hypersensitive necrosis (SHN). It elicited local lesions in inoculated leaves which was followed by the plant's wilting and death. It moved from inoculated terminal leaves through the vasculature to roots and then to newly developed leaves. Phloem death was implicated in wilting and plant death. The SHN response was attenuated in plants grown at constant 32 °C. TMGMV-U2 titer in TSA was low compared to a systemically susceptible tobacco. The virus remained infective for up to 6 months in infected dead TSA tissues and in soil in which infected plants had grown. Susceptible tobacco and pepper plants grown in soil that previously had infected dead TSA or in soil amended with the virus remained asymptomatic and virus-free. A susceptible pepper crop grown in a field block following two consecutive crops of TMGMV-U2-infected susceptible tobacco grew disease-free and virus-free and without yield loss. Purified TMGMV-U2 was infective for 1 year when stored at -20 °C or 5 °C and for 1 month at room temperature. No virus spread was found in the field. Genomic analyses confirmed the registered isolate to be a U2 strain and free of satellite TMV. The TMGMV-U2-susceptible species preponderantly belonged to the Solanaceae. A few hosts that were killed belonged to this family. Several new hosts to TMGMV-U2 were found. These data enabled registration of TMGMV-U2. CONCLUSION TMGMV-U2 can be used safely as a bioherbicide without risks to nontarget plants and the environment. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavan Charudattan
- Emeritus Professors, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- President & CEO, BioProdex, Inc., Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ernest Hiebert
- Emeritus Professors, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Former Vice President, BioProdex, Inc., Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew S Pettersen
- Former Graduate Assistants, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jonathan R Horrell
- Former Graduate Assistants, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mark S Elliott
- Former Senior Biologists, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - James T DeValerio
- Former Senior Biologists, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Gabriella S Maia
- Former Laboratory Assistant, Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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