1
|
Xie P, Zhang H, Qin Y, Xiong H, Shi C, Zhou Z. Membrane Proteins and Membrane Curvature: Mutual Interactions and a Perspective on Disease Treatments. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1772. [PMID: 38136643 PMCID: PMC10741411 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of various diseases often involves an intricate interplay between membrane proteins and membrane curvature. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this interaction could offer novel perspectives on disease treatment. In this review, we provide an introduction to membrane curvature and its association with membrane proteins. Furthermore, we delve into the impact and potential implications of this interaction in the context of disease treatment. Lastly, we discuss the prospects and challenges associated with harnessing these interactions for effective disease management, aiming to provide fresh insights into therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (P.X.); (H.Z.); (Y.Q.); (H.X.); (C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang K, Teng D, Mao R, Yang N, Hao Y, Wang J. Thinking on the Construction of Antimicrobial Peptide Databases: Powerful Tools for the Molecular Design and Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043134. [PMID: 36834553 PMCID: PMC9960615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the accelerating growth of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), there is an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents with low or no AMR. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been extensively studied as alternatives to antibiotics (ATAs). Coupled with the new generation of high-throughput technology for AMP mining, the number of derivatives has increased dramatically, but manual running is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, it is necessary to establish databases that combine computer algorithms to summarize, analyze, and design new AMPs. A number of AMP databases have already been established, such as the Antimicrobial Peptides Database (APD), the Collection of Antimicrobial Peptides (CAMP), the Database of Antimicrobial Activity and Structure of Peptides (DBAASP), and the Database of Antimicrobial Peptides (dbAMPs). These four AMP databases are comprehensive and are widely used. This review aims to cover the construction, evolution, characteristic function, prediction, and design of these four AMP databases. It also offers ideas for the improvement and application of these databases based on merging the various advantages of these four peptide libraries. This review promotes research and development into new AMPs and lays their foundation in the fields of druggability and clinical precision treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Da Teng
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Na Yang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Innovative Team of Antimicrobial Peptides and Alternatives to Antibiotics, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-82106081 or +86-10-82106079; Fax: +86-10-82106079
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kondrashov O, Akimov S. Effect of solid support and membrane tension on adsorption and lateral interaction of amphipathic peptides. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:074902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0096536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide class of antimicrobial amphipathic peptides is aimed to selectively form through pores in bacterial membranes. The partial incorporation of the peptides into the lipid monolayer leads to elastic deformation of the membrane. The deformation influences both the adsorption of the peptides and their lateral interaction. Detailed study of pore formation mechanisms requires an accurate determination of the surface concentration of the peptides at their given bulk concentration. Widely used methods to register the adsorption are atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface plasmon resonance refractometry (SPRR), and inner field compensation (IFC). AFM and SPRR utilize membranes deposited onto a solid support, while IFC operates with model membranes under substantial lateral tension. Here, we theoretically studied the effect of the solid support and lateral tension on the elastic deformations of the membrane induced by partially incorporated amphipathic peptides, and thus on the peptide adsorption energy and lateral interaction. We demonstrated that under conditions typical for AFM, SPRR, and IFC the adsorption energy can increase by up to 1.5 kBT per peptide leading to about 4 times decreased surface concentration as compared to free-standing tensionless membranes. In addition, the effective lateral size of the peptide molecule increases by about 10 %, which can have an impact on the quantitative description of the adsorption isotherms. Our results allow estimating the effects of the solid support and lateral tension on the adsorption and interaction of amphipathic peptides at the membrane surface and taking them into account in interpretation of experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergey Akimov
- Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bolosov IA, Panteleev PV, Sychev SV, Sukhanov SV, Mironov PA, Myshkin MY, Shenkarev ZO, Ovchinnikova TV. Dodecapeptide Cathelicidins of Cetartiodactyla: Structure, Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action, and Synergistic Interaction With Other Cathelicidins. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:725526. [PMID: 34484167 PMCID: PMC8415029 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.725526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, dodecapeptide cathelicidins were shown to be widespread antimicrobial peptides among the Cetruminantia clade. In particular, we investigated the dodecapeptide from the domestic goat Capra hircus, designated as ChDode and its unique ortholog from the sperm whale Physeter catodon (PcDode). ChDode contains two cysteine residues, while PcDode consists of two dodecapeptide building blocks and contains four cysteine residues. The recombinant analogs of the peptides were obtained by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli cells. The structures of the peptides were studied by circular dichroism (CD), FTIR, and NMR spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that PcDode adopts a β-hairpin structure in water and resembles β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides, while ChDode forms a β-structural antiparallel covalent dimer, stabilized by two intermonomer disulfide bonds. Both peptides reveal a significant right-handed twist about 200 degrees per 8 residues. In DPC micelles ChDode forms flat β-structural tetramers by antiparallel non-covalent association of the dimers. The tetramers incorporate into the micelles in transmembrane orientation. Incorporation into the micelles and dimerization significantly diminished the amplitude of backbone motions of ChDode at the picosecond-nanosecond timescale. When interacting with negatively charged membranes containing phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), the ChDode peptide adopted similar oligomeric structure and was capable to form ion-conducting pores without membrane lysis. Despite modest antibacterial activity of ChDode, a considerable synergistic effect of this peptide in combination with another goat cathelicidin – the α-helical peptide ChMAP-28 was observed. This effect is based on an increase in permeability of bacterial membranes. In turn, this mechanism can lead to an increase in the efficiency of the combined action of the synergistic pair ChMAP-28 with the Pro-rich peptide mini-ChBac7.5Nα targeting the bacterial ribosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilia A Bolosov
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V Panteleev
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Sergei V Sychev
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav V Sukhanov
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel A Mironov
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Myshkin
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zakhar O Shenkarev
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Ovchinnikova
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Walker LR, Marzluff EM, Townsend JA, Resager WC, Marty MT. Native Mass Spectrometry of Antimicrobial Peptides in Lipid Nanodiscs Elucidates Complex Assembly. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9284-9291. [PMID: 31251560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are generally cationic and amphipathic peptides that show potential applications to combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistant infections. AMPs are known to interact with bacterial membranes, but their mechanisms of toxicity and selectivity are poorly understood, in part because it is challenging to characterize AMP oligomeric complexes within lipid bilayers. Here, we used native mass spectrometry to measure the stoichiometry of AMPs inserted into lipoprotein nanodiscs with different lipid components. Titrations of increasing peptide concentration and collisional activation experiments reveal that AMPs can exhibit a range of behaviors from nonspecific incorporation into the nanodisc to formation of specific complexes. This new approach to characterizing formation of AMP complexes within lipid membranes will provide unique insights into AMP mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence R Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Elaine M Marzluff
- Department of Chemistry , Grinnell College , Grinnell , Iowa 50112 , United States
| | - Julia A Townsend
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - William C Resager
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Michael T Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guha S, Ghimire J, Wu E, Wimley WC. Mechanistic Landscape of Membrane-Permeabilizing Peptides. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6040-6085. [PMID: 30624911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Membrane permeabilizing peptides (MPPs) are as ubiquitous as the lipid bilayer membranes they act upon. Produced by all forms of life, most membrane permeabilizing peptides are used offensively or defensively against the membranes of other organisms. Just as nature has found many uses for them, translational scientists have worked for decades to design or optimize membrane permeabilizing peptides for applications in the laboratory and in the clinic ranging from antibacterial and antiviral therapy and prophylaxis to anticancer therapeutics and drug delivery. Here, we review the field of membrane permeabilizing peptides. We discuss the diversity of their sources and structures, the systems and methods used to measure their activities, and the behaviors that are observed. We discuss the fact that "mechanism" is not a discrete or a static entity for an MPP but rather the result of a heterogeneous and dynamic ensemble of structural states that vary in response to many different experimental conditions. This has led to an almost complete lack of discrete three-dimensional active structures among the thousands of known MPPs and a lack of useful or predictive sequence-structure-function relationship rules. Ultimately, we discuss how it may be more useful to think of membrane permeabilizing peptides mechanisms as broad regions of a mechanistic landscape rather than discrete molecular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Guha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans , Louisiana 70112 , United States
| | - Jenisha Ghimire
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans , Louisiana 70112 , United States
| | - Eric Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans , Louisiana 70112 , United States
| | - William C Wimley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans , Louisiana 70112 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Dou X, Song J, Lyu Y, Zhu X, Xu L, Li W, Shan A. Antimicrobial peptides: Promising alternatives in the post feeding antibiotic era. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:831-859. [PMID: 30353555 DOI: 10.1002/med.21542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), critical components of the innate immune system, are widely distributed throughout the animal and plant kingdoms. They can protect against a broad array of infection-causing agents, such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses, and tumor cells, and also exhibit immunomodulatory activity. AMPs exert antimicrobial activities primarily through mechanisms involving membrane disruption, so they have a lower likelihood of inducing drug resistance. Extensive studies on the structure-activity relationship have revealed that net charge, hydrophobicity, and amphipathicity are the most important physicochemical and structural determinants endowing AMPs with antimicrobial potency and cell selectivity. This review summarizes the recent advances in AMPs development with respect to characteristics, structure-activity relationships, functions, antimicrobial mechanisms, expression regulation, and applications in food, medicine, and animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiujing Dou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Song
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinfeng Lyu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Weizhong Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sychev SV, Sukhanov SV, Panteleev PV, Shenkarev ZO, Ovchinnikova TV. Marine antimicrobial peptide arenicin adopts a monomeric twisted β-hairpin structure and forms low conductivity pores in zwitterionic lipid bilayers. Biopolymers 2017; 110. [PMID: 29266227 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Arenicins are 21-residue β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) isolated from the marine lugworm Arenicola marina [Ovchinnikova et al., FEBS Lett. 2004;577:209-214]. The peptides have a high positive charge (+6) and display a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi. Arenicins adopt the monomeric highly twisted β-hairpin in water or planar β-structural dimers in anionic liposomes and detergent micelles. Until now, the interaction of cationic β-structural AMPs with zwitterionic phospholipid bilayers mimicking eukaryotic membranes is not well understood. To study the structural basis of arenicins activity against eukaryotic cells, we investigated arenicin-2 in the solvents of low polarity (ethanol, 4% dioxane) and in zwitterionic soybean PC and PC/PE liposomes by CD and FTIR spectroscopy. It was shown that arenicin-2 adopted the twisted β-hairpin structure in all the environments studied. Measurements of the Trp fluorescence and H→D exchange in soybean PC liposomes and boundary potential in the planar DPhPC bilayers confirmed the partitioning of the arenicin-2 monomers into interfacial region of the zwitterionic membranes. The low-conductivity (0.12 nS) arenicin-2 pores were detected in the DPhPC bilayers. The lifetime of the open state (up to 260 ms) was significantly longer than lifetime of low-conductivity (0.23 nS) pores previously described in partially anionic membranes (44 ms). The formation of narrow arenicin-2 pores without disruption of the membrane was discussed in the light of the disordered toroidal pore model previously proposed for β-structural AMPs [Jean - Francois et al. Biophys. J. 2008;95:5748 - 5756]. A novel non-lytic mechanism of the arenicin-2 action was proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Sychev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Stanislav V Sukhanov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Pavel V Panteleev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Zakhar O Shenkarev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Ovchinnikova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sychev SV, Panteleev PV, Ovchinnikova TV. Structural study of the β-hairpin marine antimicrobial peptide arenicin-2 in PC/PG lipid bilayers by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162017050144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Therrien A, Lafleur M. Melittin-Induced Lipid Extraction Modulated by the Methylation Level of Phosphatidylcholine Headgroups. Biophys J 2016; 110:400-410. [PMID: 26789763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein- and peptide-induced lipid extraction from membranes is a critical process for many biological events, including reverse cholesterol transport and sperm capacitation. In this work, we examine whether such processes could display specificity for some lipid species. Melittin, the main component of dry bee venom, was used as a model amphipathic α-helical peptide. We specifically determined the modulation of melittin-induced lipid extraction from membranes by the change of the methylation level of phospholipid headgroups. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayers were demethylated either by substitution with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) or chemically by using mono- and dimethylated PE. It is shown that demethylation reduces the association of melittin with membranes, likely because of the resulting tighter chain packing of the phospholipids, which reduces the capacity of the membranes to accommodate inserted melittin. This reduced binding of the peptide is accompanied by an inhibition of the lipid extraction caused by melittin. We demonstrate that melittin selectively extracts PC from PC/PE membranes. This selectivity is proposed to be a consequence of a PE depletion in the surroundings of bound melittin to minimize disruption of the interphospholipid interactions. The resulting PC-enriched vicinity of melittin would be responsible for the observed formation of PC-enriched lipid/peptide particles resulting from the lipid efflux. These findings reveal that modulating the methylation level of phospholipid headgroups is a simple way to control the specificity of lipid extraction from membranes by peptides/proteins and thereby modulate the lipid composition of the membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Therrien
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel Lafleur
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Balandin SV, Ovchinnikova TV. Antimicrobial peptides of invertebrates. Part 2. biological functions and mechanisms of action. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816201604004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|