1
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Sciscione F, Guillaumé S, Aliev AE, Cook DT, Bronstein H, Hailes HC, Beard PC, Kalber TL, Ogunlade O, Tabor AB. EGFR-targeted semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for photoacoustic imaging. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 91:117412. [PMID: 37473615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPN), formulated from organic semiconducting polymers and lipids, show promise as exogenous contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging (PAI). To fully realise the potential of this class of nanoparticles for imaging and therapeutic applications, a broad range of active targeting strategies, where ligands specific to receptors on the target cells are displayed on the SPN surface, are urgently needed. In addition, effective strategies for quantifying the level of surface modification are also needed to support development of ligand-targeted SPN. In this paper, we have developed methods to prepare SPN bearing peptides targeted to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR), which are overexpressed at the surface of a wide variety of cancer cell types. In addition to fully characterising these targeted nanoparticles by standard methods (UV-visible, photoacoustic absorption, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and SEM), we have developed a powerful new NMR method to determine the degree of conjugation and the number of targeting peptides attached to the SPN. Preliminary in vitro experiments with the colorectal cancer cell line LIM1215 indicated that the EGFR-targeting peptide conjugated SPN were either ineffective in delivering the SPN to the cells, or that the targeting peptide itself destabilised the formulation. This in reinforces the need for effective characterisation techniques to measure the surface accessibility of targeting ligands attached to nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Sciscione
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Simon Guillaumé
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Abil E Aliev
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Declan T Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Hugo Bronstein
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Helen C Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Paul C Beard
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Malet Place Engineering Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tammy L Kalber
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Olumide Ogunlade
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Malet Place Engineering Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alethea B Tabor
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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2
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Zorko M, Jones S, Langel Ü. Cell-penetrating peptides in protein mimicry and cancer therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114044. [PMID: 34774552 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research has been undertaken in the pursuit of anticancer therapeutics. Many anticancer drugs require specificity of delivery to cancer cells, whilst sparing healthy tissue. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), now well established as facilitators of intracellular delivery, have in recent years advanced to incorporate target specificity and thus possess great potential for the targeted delivery of anticancer cargoes. Though none have yet been approved for clinical use, this novel technology has already entered clinical trials. In this review we present CPPs, discuss their classification, mechanisms of cargo internalization and highlight strategies for conjugation to anticancer moieties including their incorporation into therapeutic proteins. As the mainstay of this review, strategies to build specificity into tumor targeting CPP constructs through exploitation of the tumor microenvironment and the use of tumor homing peptides are discussed, whilst acknowledging the extensive contribution made by CPP constructs to target specific protein-protein interactions integral to intracellular signaling pathways associated with tumor cell survival and progression. Finally, antibody/antigen CPP conjugates and their potential roles in cancer immunotherapy and diagnostics are considered. In summary, this review aims to harness the potential of CPP-aided drug delivery for future cancer therapies and diagnostics whilst highlighting some of the most recent achievements in selective delivery of anticancer drugs, including cytostatic drugs, to a range of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Zorko
- University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sarah Jones
- University of Wolverhampton, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science & Engineering, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK.
| | - Ülo Langel
- University of Stockholm, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia 50411, Estonia.
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3
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Abstract
In this introductory chapter, we first define cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), give short overview of CPP history and discuss several aspects of CPP classification. Next section is devoted to the mechanism of CPP penetration into the cells, where direct and endocytic internalization of CPP is explained. Kinetics of internalization is discussed more extensively, since this topic is not discussed in other chapters of this book. At the end of this section some features of the thermodynamics of CPP interaction with the membrane is also presented. Finally, we present different cargoes that can be transferred into the cells by CPPs and briefly discuss the effect of cargo on the rate and efficiency of penetration into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Zorko
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ülo Langel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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4
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He YL, Yang HY, Huang PZ, Feng WJ, Gao K. Cytotoxic cardenolides from Calotropis gigantea. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 192:112951. [PMID: 34563976 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen cardiac glycosides, including five previously undescribed compounds, were extracted and purified from whole plants of Calotropis gigantea (L.). Spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses were used to determine their structures. Calogiganin C is the first naturally occurring example of a cardenolide containing a 7-membered lactone in ring A. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds against A172, U251, AGS, PANC-1, HepG2, HCT116 and NCI-H226 cell lines were evaluated. Four of them exhibited the most potent growth inhibitory activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including A172, U251, AGS, PANC-1 and HCT116. Notably, uscharidin and calotropin showed pronounced cytotoxicities at low nanomolar concentrations against A172 and U251 cells, and possible cell death mechanism studies manifested that these two compounds induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, which demonstrated promising anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China; Research Institute, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Zhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Sazanova ES, Gracheva IA, Allegro D, Barbier P, Combes S, Svirshchevskaya EV, Fedorov AY. Allocolchicinoids bearing a Michael acceptor fragment for possible irreversible binding of tubulin. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:696-706. [PMID: 33479669 PMCID: PMC7578708 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an attempt to apply the concept of covalent binding towards the highly active allocolchicinoids selected on the basis of SAR analysis of previously synthesized molecules. To achieve the irreversible binding of the agent to the cysteine residues of the colchicine site of tubulin protein, we synthesized a number of new allocolchicinoids bearing the acceptor moiety. Some of the new derivatives possess cytotoxic activity against COLO-357, BxPC-3, HaCaT, and HEK293 cell lines in a low nanomolar range of concentrations. A substoichiometric mode of microtubule assembly inhibition was demonstrated. The most active compounds possess close to colchicine general toxicity on mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Sazanova
- Department of Chemistry , N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod , 23 Gagarin Avenue , 603950 Nizhny Novgorod , Russian Federation
| | - Iuliia A Gracheva
- Department of Chemistry , N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod , 23 Gagarin Avenue , 603950 Nizhny Novgorod , Russian Federation
| | - Diane Allegro
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology (INP) - CNRS UMR 7051 , Aix-Marseille University , 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin , 13385 Marseille , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Pascale Barbier
- Institute of NeuroPhysiopathology (INP) - CNRS UMR 7051 , Aix-Marseille University , 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin , 13385 Marseille , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Sébastien Combes
- CRCM , CNRS , Inserm , Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 232 Boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite , 13009 Marseille , France
- DOSynth Platform , CRCM , Faculté de Pharmacie , Aix-Marseille Université , 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin , 13385 Marseille , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Elena V Svirshchevskaya
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions , Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS , 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street , 117997 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Yu Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry , N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod , 23 Gagarin Avenue , 603950 Nizhny Novgorod , Russian Federation
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6
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Tesauro D, Accardo A, Diaferia C, Milano V, Guillon J, Ronga L, Rossi F. Peptide-Based Drug-Delivery Systems in Biotechnological Applications: Recent Advances and Perspectives. Molecules 2019; 24:E351. [PMID: 30669445 PMCID: PMC6359574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides of natural and synthetic sources are compounds operating in a wide range of biological interactions. They play a key role in biotechnological applications as both therapeutic and diagnostic tools. They are easily synthesized thanks to solid-phase peptide devices where the amino acid sequence can be exactly selected at molecular levels, by tuning the basic units. Recently, peptides achieved resounding success in drug delivery and in nanomedicine smart applications. These applications are the most significant challenge of recent decades: they can selectively deliver drugs to only pathological tissues whilst saving the other districts of the body. This specific feature allows a reduction in the drug side effects and increases the drug efficacy. In this context, peptide-based aggregates present many advantages, including biocompatibility, high drug loading capacities, chemical diversity, specific targeting, and stimuli responsive drug delivery. A dual behavior is observed: on the one hand they can fulfill a structural and bioactive role. In this review, we focus on the design and the characterization of drug delivery systems using peptide-based carriers; moreover, we will also highlight the peptide ability to self-assemble and to actively address nanosystems toward specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Tesauro
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Università Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Università Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Università Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Milano
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Università Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy.
- ARNA, INSERM U1212/UMR CNRS 5320, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Jean Guillon
- ARNA, INSERM U1212/UMR CNRS 5320, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Luisa Ronga
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, IPREM, UMR 5254, CNRS-University of Pau, 64000 Pau, France.
| | - Filomena Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Università Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy.
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7
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of new water-soluble photoactive chlorin conjugate for targeted delivery. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:740-750. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Petrenko V, Gillespie J. Paradigm shift in bacteriophage-mediated delivery of anticancer drugs: from targeted 'magic bullets' to self-navigated 'magic missiles'. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2017; 14:373-384. [PMID: 27466706 PMCID: PMC5544533 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1218463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New phage-directed nanomedicines have emerged recently as a result of the in-depth study of the genetics and structure of filamentous phage and evolution of phage display and phage nanobiotechnology. This review focuses on the progress made in the development of the cancer-targeted nanomaterials and discusses the trends in using phage as a bioselectable molecular navigation system. Areas covered: The merging of phage display technologies with nanotechnology in recent years has proved promising in different areas of medicine and technology, such as medical diagnostics, molecular imaging, vaccine development and targeted drug/gene delivery, which is the focus of this review. The authors used data obtained from their research group and sourced using Science Citation Index (Web of Science) and NCBI PubMed search resources. Expert opinion: First attempts of adapting traditional concepts of direct targeting of tumor using phage-targeted nanomedicines has shown minimal improvements. With discovery and study of biological and technical barriers that prevent anti-tumor drug delivery, a paradigm shift from traditional drug targeting to nanomedicine navigation systems is required. The advanced bacteriophage-driven self-navigation systems are thought to overcome those barriers using more precise, localized phage selection methods, multi-targeting 'promiscuous' ligands and advanced multifunctional nanomedicine platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V.A. Petrenko
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - J.W. Gillespie
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
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9
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Ringhieri P, Mannucci S, Conti G, Nicolato E, Fracasso G, Marzola P, Morelli G, Accardo A. Liposomes derivatized with multimeric copies of KCCYSL peptide as targeting agents for HER-2-overexpressing tumor cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:501-514. [PMID: 28144135 PMCID: PMC5245980 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed liposomes, obtained by coaggregation of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and of the synthetic monomer containing a gadolinium complex ([C18]2DTPA[Gd]) have been prepared. Liposomes externally decorated with KCCYSL (P6.1 peptide) sequence in its monomeric, dimeric, and tetrameric forms are studied as target-selective delivery systems toward cancer cells overexpressing human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) receptors. Derivatization of liposomal surface with targeting peptides is achieved using the postmodification method: the alkyne-peptide derivative Pra-KCCYSL reacts, through click chemistry procedures, with a synthetic surfactant modified with 1, 2, or 4 azido moieties previously inserted in liposome formulation. Preliminary in vitro data on MDA-MB-231 and BT-474 cells indicated that liposomes functionalized with P6.1 peptide in its tetrameric form had better binding to and uptake into BT-474 cells compared to liposomes decorated with monomeric or dimeric versions of the P6.1 peptide. BT-474 cells treated with liposomes functionalized with the tetrameric form of P6.1 showed high degree of liposome uptake, which was comparable with the uptake of anti-HER-2 antibodies such as Herceptin. Moreover, magnetic MRI experiments have demonstrated the potential of liposomes to act as MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ringhieri
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli
| | | | - Giamaica Conti
- Department of Neurological Biomedical and Movement Sciences
| | - Elena Nicolato
- Department of Neurological Biomedical and Movement Sciences
| | | | | | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli
| | - Antonella Accardo
- Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli
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10
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Sun Y, Kang C, Yao Z, Liu F, Zhou Y. Peptide-Based Ligand for Active Delivery of Liposomal Doxorubicin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984416420046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) has been extensively used in the clinic to treat malignant tumors such as leukemias and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. However, the severe cardiotoxicity associated with the use of DOX requests the development of alternative and efficient pharmaceutical formulations. The PEGylated liposome of DOX can significantly reduce the cardiotoxicity but still lacks the active targeting towards cancer cells. Modification of liposomal DOX with active ligands would then be a rational approach to enhance the transportation of the toxin into tumor cells. Currently used targeting ligands include antibodies, proteins, small molecules, and peptides. By virtue of the advantages such as easy preparation, lower cost, and elevated resistance to enzymatic degradation, peptides are attracting a significant amount of interest as active targeting ligands for pharmaceutics. In this paper, we will briefly discuss the application of peptide ligands for the improvement of the therapeutic efficacy of liposomal DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Chen Kang
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zhili Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - You Zhou
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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11
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Luo Z, Cao XW, Li C, Wu MD, Yang XZ, Zhao J, Wang FJ. The heparin-binding domain of HB-EGF as an efficient cell-penetrating peptide for drug delivery. J Pept Sci 2016; 22:689-699. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Xue-Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Miao-Dan Wu
- Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Zhejiang China
| | - Xu-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Fu-Jun Wang
- Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Zhejiang China
- Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine; Shanghai China
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12
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Kasimanickam VR, Buhr MM. Fusion of Boar Sperm with Nanoliposomes Prepared from Synthetic Phospholipids. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:461-6. [PMID: 27217373 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are artificial membrane vesicles that can be used to test and model the functions and interactions of various biological membranes, or as a carrier system to deliver biologically active substances into the cells, or to incorporate lipids into the plasma membrane of target cells to modify membrane structure-function relationships. Sperm plasma membrane undergoes lipid modification during maturation in epididymis and during capacitation in the female reproductive tract to facilitate fertilization. Natural variation in the amounts and composition of lipids in the sperm plasma membrane may also contribute to the species-specific sperm sensitivities to handling and storage conditions. Boar sperm are notoriously susceptible to membrane damage and are resistant to compositional alteration by artificial liposomes. This study used flow cytometry to demonstrate stable incorporation of nanoliposomes prepared from a complex mixture of various phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine : phosphatidylethanolamine : sphingomyelin : phosphatidylserine : phosphatidylinositol) with high fusion efficiency. Over 90% of sperm rapidly took up fluorescently labelled liposomes and retained the lipids for at least 60 min, in a significant time- and concentration-dependent manner. This unique fusion efficacy could be used to alter sperm plasma membrane composition and hence membrane-based functional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - M M Buhr
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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13
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Abstract
This review discusses the potential of CXCR4 chemokine receptor in the design of anticancer and antimetastatic drug delivery systems. The role of CXCR4 in cancer progression and metastasis is discussed in the context of the development of several types of drug delivery strategies. Overview of drug delivery systems targeted to cancers that overexpress CXCR4 is provided, together with the main types of CXCR4-binding ligands used in targeting applications. Drug delivery applications that take advantage of CXCR4 inhibition to achieve enhanced anticancer and antimetastatic activity of combination treatments are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ying Xie
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Falanga A, Galdiero M, Galdiero S. Membranotropic Cell Penetrating Peptides: The Outstanding Journey. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:25323-37. [PMID: 26512649 PMCID: PMC4632803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161025323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane bilayer delimits the interior of individual cells and provides them with the ability to survive and function properly. However, the crossing of cellular membranes constitutes the principal impediment to gaining entry into cells, and the potential therapeutic application of many drugs is predominantly dependent on the development of delivery tools that should take the drug to target cells selectively and efficiently with only minimal toxicity. Cell-penetrating peptides are short and basic peptides are widely used due to their ability to deliver a cargo across the membrane both in vitro and in vivo. It is widely accepted that their uptake mechanism involves mainly the endocytic pathway, the drug is catched inside endosomes and lysosomes, and only a small quantity is able to reach the intracellular target. In this wide-ranging scenario, a fascinating novel hypothesis is that membranotropic peptides that efficiently cross biological membranes, promote lipid-membrane reorganizing processes and cause a local and temporary destabilization and reorganization of the membrane bilayer, may also be able to enter cells circumventing the endosomal entrapment; in particular, by either favoring the escape from the endosome or by direct translocation. This review summarizes current data on membranotropic peptides for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Falanga
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- CiRPEB, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, II University of Naples, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.
- CiRPEB, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.
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