|
1
|
Ahmad I, Iqbal M, Abbas A, Badrashi YI, Jamal A, Ullah S, Yosri AM, Hamad M. Enhancement of Confinement in Scaled RC Columns using Steel Fibers Extracted from Scrap Tyres. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093219. [PMID: 35591549 PMCID: PMC9100502 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Steel fibers are widely extracted from scrap tyres, causing environmental concerns. This paper presents the use of steel fibers in variable proportions extracted from scrap tyres. The enhancement of the confinement was envisaged through the addition of steel fibers obtained from scrap tyres. The study included an experimental program for the development of constitutive material models for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete and concrete with added steel fibers. A mix design was carried out for OPC, targeting a compressive strength of 3000 psi. Steel fibers were added to OPC in ratios of 1.0% to 3.0%, with an increment of 0.5%. Concrete columns, with cross-sectional dimensions of 6 × 6 inches and a length of 30 inches, were cast with both OPC and fiber-reinforced concrete. The column confinement was evaluated with a different spacing of ties (3- and 4-inch center-to-center). Compression tests on the concrete columns indicate that the addition of steel fibers to a concrete matrix results in an appreciable increase in strength and ductility. Overall, increasing the percentage of steel fibers increased the compression strength and the ductility of concrete. The maximum strain in the concrete containing 2.5% steel fibers increased by 285% as compared to the concrete containing 1% of steel fibers. An optimum percentage of 2.5% steel fibers added to the concrete resulted in a 39% increase in compressive strength, accompanied by a significant improvement in ductility. The optimum content of steel fibers, when used in confined columns, showed that confined compression strength increased with the addition of steel fibers. However, it is recommended that additional columns on the basis of the optimum steel fiber content shall be tested to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing the stirrup spacing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izaz Ahmad
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (I.A.); (A.A.); (Y.I.B.); (S.U.)
| | - Mudasir Iqbal
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (I.A.); (A.A.); (Y.I.B.); (S.U.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (A.M.Y.); (M.I.)
| | - Asim Abbas
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (I.A.); (A.A.); (Y.I.B.); (S.U.)
| | - Yasir Irfan Badrashi
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (I.A.); (A.A.); (Y.I.B.); (S.U.)
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Transportation and Traffic Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shahid Ullah
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (I.A.); (A.A.); (Y.I.B.); (S.U.)
| | - Ahmed M. Yosri
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakakah 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Belkas 11152, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (A.M.Y.); (M.I.)
| | - Moustafa Hamad
- Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Belkas 11152, Egypt;
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Al Baha University, Al Baha 65731, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|