1
|
Huei CS, Azlan A, Ismail A, Shafie NH, Sultana S. Antioxidant and anti-obesity properties of local chilies varieties in Malaysia. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 57:3677-3687. [PMID: 32903949 PMCID: PMC7447724 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a serious health concern as it may initiate common chronic diseases. Chili pepper is an important spice that brings spiciness and commonly used in cuisines. However, the antioxidant and anti-obesity properties of chili varieties in Malaysia has not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antioxidant (content and activity) and anti-obesity properties of five different varieties of local chili peppers. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined through ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2, 2'azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assays. Cell cytotoxicity of the selected chili extracts was determined in 3T3-L1 pre adipocytes using cell viability assay (MTT) assay. Whereas the ability to inhibit oil accumulation in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes of the selected chili pepper extracts was assayed using Oil Red O staining. The results showed that Kulai 568 pulp extract had the highest level of total phenolic content (TPC) (47.88 ± 0.220 mg GAE/g), whereas Centil pulp extract had the highest level of total flavonoid content (TFC) (26.60 ± 0.52 mg QE/g). In term of antioxidant activities, Bara pulp extract had the highest value in FRAP (3.058 ± 0.002 mM Fe2+/mg extract) and ABTS (IC50 = 12.411 ± 0.025). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, Bara pulp extract has the highest level of capsaicin (72.271 ± 0.957 µg/ml). In terms of inhibition of oil accumulation Centil seed extract presented the best result (69.09-92.20%), while Bara pulp extract inhibited the most pancreatic lipase activity (IC50 = 4.84 ± 0.57 µg/ml). Thus, it is suggested that Centil seed and Bara pulp extracts can be a potent antioxidant and anti-obesity agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Suk Huei
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Amin Ismail
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nurul Husna Shafie
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sharmin Sultana
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Combination of Ephedrae herba and Coicis semen in Gambihwan Attenuates Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:5614091. [PMID: 30210573 PMCID: PMC6120302 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5614091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gambihwan is a herbal prescription used in Korean medicine to treat obesity. The authors evaluated the effects and mechanisms of two types of Gambihwan (GBH1 and 2) administered to high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese mice. Four-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD for 8 weeks with or without GBH1 or 2 (100-200 mg/kg/day by oral gavage). All mice were subjected to glucose tolerance testing after the 8-week treatment period and then euthanized. Serum insulin, lipids, and inflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed using commercial kits. Hepatic enzyme levels and lipid profiles were also investigated. Liver section slides were stained with Oil Red O (ORO) or hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to assess lipid accumulation. GBH1 and 2 both significantly decreased body, liver, or adipose tissue weights in HFD-fed mice and significantly improved glucose tolerance (p<0.05 in all groups). Cholesterol levels in both sera and liver homogenates were significantly decreased by GBH1 and 2 (p<0.05 in all groups). In addition, serum inflammatory cytokines (p<0.05 in 200 mg/kg/day groups) and hepatic enzyme levels were significantly diminished by GBH administration at 200mg/kg/day (p<0.05 in all groups). Furthermore, histologic analyses of liver sections revealed GBH suppressed lipid accumulation. Both GBH types suppressed HFD-induced increases in body weight and obesity-related markers in HFD-fed mice despite the difference in constituents between GBH1 and 2. It is strongly assumed that the combination of Ephedrae herba and Coicis semen exerted the antiobesity effect. The results obtained show that the antiobesity effects of GBH warrant further investigation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Pilot in vivo investigation of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a novel anti-obesity pharmaceutical formulation. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1725-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
4
|
Noratto G, Martino HSD, Simbo S, Byrne D, Mertens-Talcott SU. Consumption of polyphenol-rich peach and plum juice prevents risk factors for obesity-related metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease in Zucker rats. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:633-41. [PMID: 25801980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols from fruits have been implied in the prevention of risk factors for cardiometabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the consumption of peach and plum juice has a protective effect against obesity and metabolic disorders that promote the development of cardiovascular diseases. Obese Zucker and lean rats were fed with peach, plum juice ad libitum or placebo. Body weight gain, biochemical markers and molecular markers for inflammation and cardiovascular disease in heart tissue were quantified. Results show that peach and plum juice consumption protected against a combination of obesity-induced metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia, insulin and leptin resistance, dyslipidemia and low-density lipoprotein oxidation. This was accompanied by a decreased expression of pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory biomarkers in plasma and heart tissues including intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, NF-κB and foam cell adherence to aortic arches. In addition, peach and plum juice consumption decreased the levels of angiotensin II in plasma and its receptor Agtr1 in heart tissues, suggesting a role of peach and plum polyphenols as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists. Furthermore, only plum juice significantly prevented body weight gain and increased the ratio high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol in plasma. This effect is most likely attributed to the plum's higher content of polyphenols (three times that of peach). Altogether, these results imply that cardioprotective effects can be achieved by replacing drinks high in sugar content with fruit juice rich in polyphenols in a diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Noratto
- School of Food Science, Washington State University-University of Idaho, Pullman, WA, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Hercia S D Martino
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Vicosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Sunday Simbo
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - David Byrne
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Susanne U Mertens-Talcott
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of Gambisan on the Inhibition of Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:789067. [PMID: 24069055 PMCID: PMC3773429 DOI: 10.1155/2013/789067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the antiadipogenic effect and possible mechanism of Gambisan on 3T3-L1 cells. For quality control, Gambisan was standardized by HPLC and the standard compounds ephedrine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and caffeine were screened. Cultured 3T3-L1 cells that had been induced to differentiate were treated with various concentrations of Gambisan or its major component extracts (Ephedra intermedia Schrenk, Atractylodes lancea DC., and Thea sinensis L.) for 72 hours for MTT assay to determine cell viability or 10 days for LDH assay, triglyceride assay, DNA content measurement, Oil red O staining, RT-PCR, and western blot. Gambisan significantly inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells by reducing triglyceride contents and lipid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner without obvious cytotoxicity. Viability and DNA content in 3T3-L1 cells treated with Gambisan were significantly higher than cells treated with the major component extracts at every concentration. The anti-adipogenic effects of Gambisan appeared to be mediated by a significant downregulation of the expression of lipoprotein lipase mRNA and PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1 protein apart from the expression of hormone-sensitive lipase. Gambisan could act as a possible therapeutic agent for obesity. However, further studies including in vivo assays and clinical trials are needed to confirm the efficacy, safety and mechanisms of the antiobesity effects of Gambisan.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yoshida T, Rikimaru K, Sakai M, Nishibe S, Fujikawa T, Tamura Y. Plantago lanceolata L. leaves prevent obesity in C57BL/6 J mice fed a high-fat diet. Nat Prod Res 2012; 27:982-7. [PMID: 22812622 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.704377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The highly abundant and widely dispersed plant Plantago lanceolata L. (narrow leaf or English plantain) has been used for culinary and medicinal purposes since ancient times. Here, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of P. lanceolata leaf powder (shortly PL) when fed to male C57BL/6 J mice. Addition of PL to a high-fat diet did not affect food intake but significantly reduced food efficiency, suppressed body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation, and reduced serum free-fatty acid and glucose levels. PL-fed mice exhibited marked increases in HSL, Adrd3 and Cpt2 mRNA levels, and significant decreases in Fas transcripts in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT). These findings suggest that dietary PL exerts anti-obesity effects by stimulating metabolism throughout visceral fat tissue by activating lipolysis, accelerating fatty acid β-oxidation and suppressing fatty acid synthase in WAT. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of anti-obesity substances derived from a Plantago species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Yoshida
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Centre, National Agricultural and Food Research Organization, 4 Akahira, Shimo-kuriyagawa, Morioka, Iwate 020-0198, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effects of aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea L. on oxidative stress and liver, spleen leptin, PARα and FAS mRNA expression in high-fat diet induced mice. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7981-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
8
|
Kim JH, Lee HJ, Jeong SJ, Lee MH, Kim SH. Essential oil of Pinus koraiensis leaves exerts antihyperlipidemic effects via up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor and inhibition of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1314-9. [PMID: 22275303 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is an important factor to induce metabolic syndrome such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, some antihyperlipidemic agents from herbal medicines have been in the spotlight in the medical science field. Thus, the present study evaluated the antihyperlipidemic activities of the essential oil from the leaves of Pinus koraiensis SIEB (EOPK) that has been used as a folk remedy for heart disease. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that EOPK up-regulated low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) at the mRNA level as well as negatively suppressed the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, SREBP-2, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) involved in lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. Also, western blotting showed that EOPK activated LDLR and attenuated the expression of FAS at the protein level in the cells. Consistently, EOPK significantly inhibited the level of human acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT)1 and 2 and reduced the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation activity. Furthermore, chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that EOPK, an essential oil mixture, contained camphene (21.11%), d-limonene (21.01%), α-pinene (16.74%) and borneol (11.52%). Overall, the findings suggest that EOPK can be a potent pharmaceutical agent for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sohn SI, Rim HK, Kim YH, Choi JH, Park JH, Park HJ, Choi JW, Kim SD, Jeong SY, Lee KT. The Ameliorative Effect of 23-Hydroxytormentic Acid Isolated from Rubus coreanus on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:1508-13. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Il Sohn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hong-Kun Rim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Yang-Hee Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University
| | | | - Soo-dong Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University
| | - Seo-Young Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| |
Collapse
|