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Lin SY, Chang CL, Liou KT, Kao YK, Wang YH, Chang CC, Kuo TBJ, Huang HT, Yang CCH, Liaw CC, Shen YC. The protective role of Achyranthes aspera extract against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation, and PANoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117097. [PMID: 37648176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Achyranthes aspera, a widely recognized medicinal plant, is used in various cultures for treating different ailments, including renal dysfunction; however, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of its protective effects and the underlying signaling networks involved. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the action of A. aspera by employing an integrative approach including functional and tissue imaging as well as comprehensive genomics analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is a well-established animal model for acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of the action of A. aspera water-soluble extract (AAW) on a murine model of cisplatin-induced AKI. The evaluation includes measurements of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels, histology examination, and transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing. RESULTS In male ICR mice, oral administration of AAW at doses of 0.5-1.0 g/kg significantly reduced cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. This effect included the amelioration of tubular injury, renal fibrosis, and the lowering of BUN and SCr levels. AAW also effectively decreased oxidative markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrotyrosine (NT), along with inflammation markers, including COX-2, iNOS, NLRP3, and pP65NFκB. Moreover, AAW administration induced a dose-dependent increase in the expression of two protective factors, Nrf2 and BcL2, and suppressed apoptosis, as evidenced by reduced levels of truncated caspase 3 (t-Casp3). To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling networks, next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis was employed. The results revealed that AAW mitigated apoptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis pathways by inhibiting inflammation signaling pathways, such as the TNFα-, NFκB-, NETs-, and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathways. Additionally, AAW was found to enhance protective signaling pathways, including the cGMP/PKG-, cAMP-, AMPK-, and mTOR-dependent activation of autophagy and mitophagy pathways. The primary bioactive compound found in AAW was identified as 20-hydroxyecdysone (0.36%). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that AAW reduces cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The protective effects of AAW are attributed to its modulation of multiple molecular signaling networks. Specifically, AAW downregulates genes and signaling pathways associated with oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and PANoptosis. Simultaneously, it upregulates genes and signaling pathways associated with cell survival, including autophagy and mitophagy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Lin
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Lin Chang
- Department of Senior Citizen Welfare and Long-term Care Business, HungKuang University, Taichung City, 43302, Taiwan; Department of Animal Healthcare, HungKuang University, Taichung City, 43302, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, HungKuang University, Taichung City, 43302, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Tong Liou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114202, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Kai Kao
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Yea-Hwey Wang
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Cher-Chia Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Tse Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Cheryl C H Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Chiang Shen
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan; National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei City, 112304, Taiwan.
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Rasool N, Ikram HM, Rashid A, Afzal N, Hashmi MA, Khan MN, Khan A, Imran I, Rahman HMA, Shah SAA. Design, synthesis, and spasmolytic activity of thiophene-based derivatives via Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid: their structural and computational studies. Turk J Chem 2021; 44:1410-1422. [PMID: 33488240 PMCID: PMC7751914 DOI: 10.3906/kim-1911-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current research work, a facile synthesis of a series of novel thiophene-based derivatives of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid ( 1 ) have been synthesized. All analogs ( 5a - 5e , 10a - 10f ) were obtained from the coupling reaction of 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid ( 1 ) and different arylboronic acids with moderate-to-good yields under controlled and optimal conditions. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized through spectral analysis and their spasmolytic activity, and most of the compounds exhibited potentially good spasmolytic effect. Among the synthesized analogs, compound phenethyl 5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)thiophene-2-carboxylate ( 10d ) particular showed an excellent spasmolytic effect with an EC 50 value of 1.26. All of the compounds were also studied for their structural and electronic properties by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Through detailed insight into frontier molecular orbitals of the compounds and their different reactivity descriptors, it was found that the compounds 10c and 5c are the most reactive, while 10a is the most stable in the series. Furthermore, compounds 10c and 5c showed a very good NLO response with the highest β values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Ammara Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Nazia Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ayesha Khan
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington New Zealand
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Malaysia.,Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Bandar PuncakAlam, Selangor Malaysia
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Pharmacological Modulation of Smooth Muscles and Platelet Aggregation by Psidium cattleyanum. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4291795. [PMID: 33101443 PMCID: PMC7568158 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4291795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, in the Southern Asian countries, Psidium cattleyanum is a widely used plant for the management of various ailments such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiac disorders, but it lacks proof on a scientific basis, and therefore, this is the major emphasis of the current research work. Crude extract of Psidium cattleyanum (Pc.Cr) was preliminary analyzed for the presence of different classes of bioactive molecules. The aqueous and dichloromethane fractions of Pc.Cr were subjected to in vitro and in vivo studies. It was applied at variable concentrations (0.1-10 mg/ml) to isolated rabbit jejunum to investigate spasmolytic effect. Concentration dependent curves of calcium were constructed to check the calcium channel antagonistic activity. For the evaluation of tracheorelaxant activity, isolated tracheal tissue was treated with High-K+ (80 mM) and carbachol (CCh) and then challenged cumulatively with Pc.Cr. To study the antidiarrheal effect of the plant extract, castor oil-induced diarrhea model was adopted. For evaluation of the hypotensive effect of Pc.Cr, it was given intravenously to preanesthetized normotensive rats, and the response was recorded using pressure transducer. Platelet rich plasma was used for the assessment of the antiplatelet activity when challenged with purinergic and adrenergic agonists. Concentration-dependent inhibition of spontaneous and High-K+ mediated contractions in isolated jejunum was observed by the application of Pc.Cr. Contractions induced in isolated tracheal tissue by High-K+ and CCh were inhibited by application of Pc.Cr to these tissues. Similarly, application of Pc.Cr to High-K+ and phenylephrine (PE) treated aortic strips resulted in vasodilation. Platelet aggregation inhibition was shown by Pc.Cr against adenosine diphosphate (ADP) only. The antidiarrheal effect was observed as a reduction in the total number of feces in Pc.Cr-treated mice when given castor oil. Dose-dependent hypotension was seen in normotensive rats when treated with Pc.Cr intravenously. This study showed the spasmolytic, tracheorelaxant, vasodilator, platelet aggregation inhibitory, antidiarrheal, and hypotensive activities of P. cattleyanum which may be due to the blockage of calcium channels, but the involvement of any other pathway cannot be ignored.
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Rahman HMA, Rasool MF, Imran I. Pharmacological Studies Pertaining to Smooth Muscle Relaxant, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitory and Hypotensive Effects of Ailanthus altissima. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:1871696. [PMID: 30941187 PMCID: PMC6421032 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1871696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in vitro and in vivo study was conducted to rationalize some of traditional medicinal uses of Ailanthus altissima in gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. MATERIALS Crude extract of Ailanthus altissima (Aa.Cr) and its fractions were prepared and utilized in in vitro and in vivo studies. For in vitro studies, Aa.Cr was investigated on isolated rabbit jejunum, isolated tracheal strip, and isolated aorta of rat suspended in tissue organ bath. Platelet rich and platelet poor plasma were used to study platelet aggregation inhibitory activity. In vivo antidiarrheal effect of Aa.Cr was investigated on balb/c mice pretreated with castor oil to induce diarrhea and SD rats were used to study hypotensive activity. RESULTS Concentration dependent spasmolytic effects of Aa.Cr and its DCM fraction (Aa.DCM) were observed on spontaneous and spasmogen induced contractions in jejunum isolated from rabbit, but effect against high potassium (high-K+) induced contractions was more potent. Moreover Aa.Cr showed parallel shifting of calcium response curve to the right side. While its aqueous fraction (Aa.aq) caused spasmogenesis of isolated rabbit jejunum, this effect was blocked partially with prior administration of atropine (1μM). Concentration dependent protection against castor oil induced diarrhea was also observed. Relaxant effect was observed by the application of Aa.Cr and Aa.DCM against high-K+ and carbachol (CCh) induced contractions in tracheal strips isolated from SD rats, while Aa.Aq caused partial relaxation of high-K+ induced contractions, but no effect was observed against CCh induced contractions. Relaxation of rat aorta by the application of Aa.Cr and its fractions was also observed. Inhibition of force of contraction in rabbit atrium was also observed. Inhibition of platelet aggregation was observed against epinephrine and ADP induced aggregation. CONCLUSION Keeping in view the observed results, it is concluded that smooth muscle relaxant, platelet aggregation inhibitory and hypotensive effect may be due to the blockage of calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
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Li H, Qu Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Gao W. Spasmolytic activity of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum extract on gastrointestinal motility involves muscarinic receptors, calcium channels and NO release. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:559-566. [PMID: 31070538 PMCID: PMC6292371 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1492000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (ALR), the dry rhizome of Aquilaria agallocha R. (Thymelaeaeeae), has been widely used to treat emesis, stomachache and gastrointestinal dysfunction. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effects of ALR methanol extract on gastrointestinal motility (GIM) and possible mechanisms of the action involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, the study evaluated the effects of ALR (200-800 mg/kg) on gastric emptying and small intestinal motility in normal and neostigmine-induced adult KM mice. The in vitro effects of ALR (0.2-1.6 mg/mL) on GIM were performed on isolated jejunum of Wistar rats, pretreated with acetylcholine (ACh), KCl, CaCl2, and pre-incubation with l-NAME (a selective inhibitor of the nitric oxide synthase). RESULTS In vivo, ALR (800 mg/kg) decreased gastric emptying (70.82 ± 9.81%, p < 0.01, compared with neostigmine group 91.40 ± 7.81%), small intestinal transit (42.82 ± 3.82%, p < 0.01, compared with neostigmine group 85.53 ± 5.57%). In vitro, ALR concentration dependently decreased the contractions induced by ACh (10-5 M) and KCl (60 mM) with respective EC50 values of 0.35 and 0.32 mg/mL. The Ca2+ concentration-response curves were shifted by ALR to the right, similar to that caused by verapamil (the positive). The spasmolytic activity of ALR was inhibited by pre-incubation with l-NAME. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ALR played a spasmolytic role in GIM, which is probably mediated through inhibition of muscarinic receptors, blockade of Ca2+ influx and NO release. This is the first study presenting a comprehensive description of the effects of ALR on GIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Special Drugs R&D Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanfei Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, Special Drugs R&D Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Special Drugs R&D Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Special Drugs R&D Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
- CONTACT Jingze Zhang Department of Pharmacy, Logistics College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Tianjin300162, China; Wenyuan Gao School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- CONTACT Jingze Zhang Department of Pharmacy, Logistics College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Tianjin300162, China; Wenyuan Gao School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin300072, China
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