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Özatman E, Aksu B, Zemheri IE, Erman H, Durakbaşa ÇU. Investigation of reno-protective efficacy of thymoquinone in a unilateral hydronephrosis model. Biotech Histochem 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38780092 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2358034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of the antioxidant thymoquinone on treated and untreated kidneys on histological and oxidative parameters as well as Kidney Injury Molecule (KIM-1) levels in an experimental unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) with resultant hydronephrosis (HN) model. In adherence to the Animal research: reporting of in vivo exepriments guidelines, 34 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups which were named accordingly: "CO" (corn oil), "TQ" (thymoquinone and corn oil), "HNCO" (UPJO-HN and corn oil), "HNTQ" (UPJO-HN, thymoquinone and corn oil). Histologically, pelvic epithelial damage, glomerular shrinkage and sclerosis, tubular damage, interstitial edema-inflammation-fibrosis (IEIF), and vascular congestion were assessed. Biochemically, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and KIM-1 levels were assessed. Macroscopic HN developed in all obstructed kidneys. Ipsilateral obstructed kidneys deteriorated in all histological parameters. Thymoquinone attenuated glomerular shrinkage and sclerosis alterations but increased vascular congestion. Contralateral non-obstructed kidneys also showed histological deterioration. Thymoquinone had beneficial effects in terms of IEIF presence in contralateral kidneys but it increased vascular congestion. MDA and SOD results were inconclusive. UPJO caused decreased GR levels in the ipsilateral kidneys but not in the contralateral ones. This effect was not ameliorated by thymoquinone treatment. KIM-1 levels were increased in ipsilateral obstructed kidneys with a lower level in HNTQ group than in HNCO. KIM-1 level of the ipsilateral HNTQ group was higher than in both non-obstructed ipsilateral kidney groups. The effect of thymoquinone in ameliorating bilaterally observed histological alterations was limited and controversial. Oxidative damage detected by GR measurements was not prevented by thymoquinone. Thymoquinone partially decreased the damage as evidenced by reduced KIM-1 levels in thymoquinone-treated obstructed kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Özatman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Hospital, Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin Sehir Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burhan Aksu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Hospital, Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin Sehir Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Itir Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Saglik Bilimleri University Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Erman
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin Sehir Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Ulukaya Durakbaşa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Hospital, Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin Sehir Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Dong Y, Li G, Wang S. Thymoquinone: An Effective Natural Compound for Kidney Protection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:775-797. [PMID: 38715182 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Kidney disease is a common health problem worldwide. Acute or chronic injuries may interfere with kidney functions, eventually resulting in irreversible kidney damage. A number of recent studies have shown that the plant-derived natural products have an extensive potential for renal protection. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an essential compound derived from Nigella Sativa (NS), which is widely applied in the Middle East as a folk medicine. Previous experiments have demonstrated that TQ has a variety of potential pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities. In particular, the prominent renal protective efficacy of TQ has been demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. TQ can prevent acute kidney injuries from various xenobiotics through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects. In addition, TQ exhibited significant pharmacological effects on renal cell carcinoma, renal fibrosis, and urinary calculi. The essential mechanisms involve scavenging ROS and increasing anti-oxidant activity, decreasing inflammatory mediators, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting migration and invasion. The purpose of this review is to conclude the pharmacological effects and the potential mechanisms of TQ in renal protection, shedding new light on the exploration of medicinal phyto-protective agents targeting kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Gebin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuaiyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Center of Research and Innovation of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Repova K, Stanko P, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Aziriova S, Hrenak J, Barta A, Zorad S, Reiter RJ, Adamcova M, Simko F. Lactacystin-induced kidney fibrosis: Protection by melatonin and captopril. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:978337. [PMID: 36176443 PMCID: PMC9513205 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.978337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactacystin is a specific proteasome inhibitor that blocks the hydrolysis of intracellular proteins by ubiquitin/proteasome system inhibition. The administration of lactacystin to rats induced hypertension and remodeling of the left ventricle and aorta. This study tested whether lactacystin induces structural and fibrotic rebuilding of the kidneys and whether melatonin and captopril can prevent these potential changes. Six weeks of lactacystin administration to rats increased their average systolic blood pressure (SBP). In the kidneys, lactacystin reduced glomerular density, increased the glomerular tuft area, and enhanced hydroxyproline concentrations. It also elevated the intraglomerular proportion including the amounts of collagen (Col) I and Col III. Lactacystin also raised the tubulointerstitial amounts of Col I and the sum of Col I and Col III with no effect on vascular/perivascular collagen. Six weeks of captopril treatment reduced SBP, while melatonin had no effect. Both melatonin and captopril increased glomerular density, reduced the glomerular tuft area, and lowered the hydroxyproline concentration in the kidneys. Both drugs reduced the proportion and total amounts of intraglomerular and tubulointerstitial Col I and Col III. We conclude that chronic lactacystin treatment stimulated structural and fibrotic remodeling of the kidneys, and melatonin and captopril partly prevented these alterations. Considering the effect of lactacystin on both the heart and kidneys, chronic treatment with this drug may be a prospective model of cardiorenal damage suitable for testing pharmacological drugs as protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Stanko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Andrej Barta
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Fedor Simko,
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Kaymak E, Öztürk E, Akİn AT, Karabulut D, Yakan B. Thymoquinone alleviates doxorubicin induced acute kidney injury by decreasing endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Biotech Histochem 2022; 97:622-634. [PMID: 35989671 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2022.2111465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is used as an anticancer drug despite its many side effects. Thymoquinone (THQ) is a plant-derived substance that exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the protective effects of THQ on DOX induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided into five groups of eight: group 1, untreated control; group 2, olive oil group given olive oil intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days; group 3, THQ group given 10 mg/kg THQ i.p. for 14 days; group 4, DOX group given a single dose of 15 mg/kg DOX i.p. on day 7 of experiment; group 5, DOX + THQ given 10 mg/kg THQ i.p. for 14 days and 15 mg/kg DOX i.p. on day 7. Kidney tissues were evaluated for histopathology. Caspase-3, IL-17, GRP78 and TNF-α immunostaining was used to determine the expression levels of these proteins among the groups. The TUNEL method was used to determine the apoptotic index. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels in kidney tissue were measured using ELISA assay. Histopathologic damage, caspase-3, IL-17, GRP78 and TNF-α immunoreactivity, TUNEL positive cells, TOS, TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels were increased in group 4 compared to group 1. The TAS of group 4 decreased compared to group 1. We found decreased caspase-3, IL-17, GRP78 and TNF-α expressions and TUNEL positive cells in group 5 compared to group 4. In rats given DOX, THQ reduced kidney damage by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and apoptosis pathways.
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Yu S, Long Y, Li D, Shi A, Deng J, Ma Y, Wen J, Li X, Zhang Y, Liu S, Wan J, Li N, Guo J. Natural essential oils efficacious in internal organs fibrosis treatment: mechanisms of action and application perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhang G, Yu F, Dong R, Yu J, Luo M, Zha Y. Verbascoside alleviates renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction rats by inhibiting macrophage infiltration. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:752-759. [PMID: 34630952 PMCID: PMC8487594 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.52759.11903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): To explore the effect of verbascoside on renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly distributed into sham-operated, UUO, and UUO+Verbascoside groups. After two weeks of rat model construction, urine and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis while kidney tissues were harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson’s Trichrome, and immunohistochemistry staining. Pearson coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the two proteins. Results: Verbascoside improved UUO-induced renal dysfunction as detected by decreased serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and urinary protein excretion rate. In UUO rats, H&E staining result revealed increased total nucleated cell number, and Masson’s Trichrome staining results showed tubular interstitial fibrosis with the deposition of collagen fibrils. Besides, expressions of fibrosis-related proteins including collagen type I (COL-I), α-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) expressed higher in the UUO group. Moreover, macrophage infiltration-related factors such as CD68+, F4/80+ cells, and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) were significantly higher in the UUO group than in sham-operated rats. However, after administration with verbascoside, the accumulation of collagen fibrils and total nucleated cell numbers were mitigated. Likewise, macrophage infiltration was extenuated and fibrosis-related proteins were down-regulated in the UUO+Verbascoside rats. Correlation analysis indicated that macrophage infiltration-related markers were related to fibrosis-related factors. Conclusion: Verbascoside could alleviate renal fibrosis in UUO rats probably through ameliorating macrophage infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China
| | - Fuxun Yu
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Disease, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China
| | - Rong Dong
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China
| | - Jiali Yu
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, Gui Zhou, China
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Geng W, Li C, Zhan Y, Zhang R, Zheng J. Thymoquinone alleviates liver fibrosis via miR-30a-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3629-3640. [PMID: 33090549 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), the main active constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, has been shown to play a role in antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and antitumor. Recent studies have demonstrated that TQ contributes to the suppression of liver fibrosis. Abnormal activated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, whether the antifibrotic effects of TQ occur through inhibiting EMT is largely unknown. In this study, it was found that TQ ameliorated liver fibrosis and collagen accumulation in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) mice. In vitro, TQ inhibited HSC activation including reduced proliferation, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen. In addition, TQ markedly suppressed the EMT process, with enhanced E-cadherin and reduced desmin. Notably, snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (Snai1), the EMT master transcription factor, was obviously inhibited by TQ in vivo and in vitro. Further studies demonstrated that Snai1 was a target of microRNA-30a (miR-30a), which was upregulated by TQ. Interestingly, the effects of TQ on HSC activation and EMT were almost inhibited by miR-30a inhibitor. Collectively, we demonstrate that TQ inhibits HSC activation, at least in part, via regulation of miR-30a and Snai1. TQ upregulates miR-30a expression, resulting in a reduced Snai1 level as well as EMT process inactivation, which contributes to the inhibition of HSC activation. TQ may be a potential therapeutic agent for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yating Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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