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Zhang W, Zou M, Fu J, Xu Y, Zhu Y. Autophagy: A potential target for natural products in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116891. [PMID: 38865850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease primarily affecting the mucosa of the colon and rectum. UC is characterized by recurrent episodes, often necessitating lifelong medication use, imposing a significant burden on patients. Current conventional and advanced treatments for UC have the disadvantages of insufficient efficiency, susceptibility to drug resistance, and notable adverse effects. Therefore, developing effective and safe drugs has become an urgent need. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that plays an important role in intestinal homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that aberrant autophagy is involved in the development of UC, and modulating autophagy can effectively alleviate experimental colitis. A growing number of studies have established that autophagy can interplay with endoplasmic reticulum stress, gut microbiota, apoptosis, and the NLRP3 inflammasome, all of which contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. In addition, a variety of intestinal epithelial cells, including absorptive cells, goblet cells, and Paneth cells, as well as other cell types like neutrophils, antigen-presenting cells, and stem cells in the gut, mediate the development of UC through autophagy. To date, many studies have found that natural products hold the potential to exert therapeutic effects on UC by regulating autophagy. This review focuses on the possible effects and pharmacological mechanisms of natural products to alleviate UC with autophagy as a potential target in recent years, aiming to provide a basis for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Menglong Zou
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
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Lv S, Zhang G, Lu Y, Zhong X, Huang Y, Ma Y, Yan W, Teng J, Wei S. Pharmacological mechanism of natural antidepressants: The role of mitochondrial quality control. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155669. [PMID: 38696923 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness characterized by persistent sadness and a reduced capacity for pleasure. In clinical practice, SSRIs and other medications are commonly used for therapy, despite their various side effects. Natural products present distinct advantages, including synergistic interactions among multiple components and targeting multiple pathways, suggesting their tremendous potential in depression treatment. Imbalance in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) plays a significant role in the pathology of depression, emphasizing the importance of regulating MQC as a potential intervention strategy in addressing the onset and progression of depression. However, the role and mechanism through which natural products regulate MQC in depression treatments still need to be comprehensively elucidated, particularly in clinical and preclinical settings. PURPOSE This review was aimed to summarize the findings of recent studies and outline the pharmacological mechanisms by which natural products modulate MQC to exert antidepressant effects. Additionally, it evaluated current research limitations and proposed new strategies for future preclinical and clinical applications in the depression domain. METHODS To study the main pharmacological mechanisms underlying the regulation of MQC by natural products in the treatment of depression, we conducted a thorough search across databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to classify and summarize the relationship between MQC and depression, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of natural products. RESULTS Numerous studies have shown that irregularities in the MQC system play an important role in the pathology of depression, and the regulation of the MQC system is involved in antidepressant treatments. Natural products mainly regulate the MQC system to induce antidepressant effects by alleviating oxidative stress, balancing ATP levels, promoting mitophagy, maintaining calcium homeostasis, optimizing mitochondrial dynamics, regulating mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively summarized the regulation of natural products on the MQC system in antidepressants, providing a unique perspective for the application of natural products within antidepressant therapy. However, extensive efforts are imperative in clinical and preclinical investigations to delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying how antidepressant medications impact MQC, which is crucial for the development of effective antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Lv
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355,China
| | - Wei Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jing Teng
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Sheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; High Level Key Disciplines of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine (PTMBD), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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Hendra R, Agustha A, Frimayanti N, Abdulah R, Teruna HY. Antifungal Potential of Secondary Metabolites Derived from Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr.: An Analysis of In Silico Enzymatic Inhibition and In Vitro Efficacy against Candida Species. Molecules 2024; 29:2373. [PMID: 38792233 PMCID: PMC11123860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the escalating resistance to conventional antifungal medications, it is critical to identify novel compounds that can efficiently counteract this challenge. The purpose of this research was to elucidate the fungicidal properties of secondary metabolites derived from Arcangelisia flava, with a specific focus on their efficacy against Candida species. This study utilized a combination approach comprising laboratory simulations and experiments to discern and evaluate the biologically active constituents present in the dichloromethane extract of A. flava. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that compounds 1 (palmatine) and 2 (fibraurin) exhibited antifungal properties. The compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 15.62 to 62.5 µg/mL against Candida sp. Moreover, compound 1 demonstrated a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 62.5 µg/mL against Candida glabrata and C. krusei. In contrast, compound 2 exhibited an MFC of 125 µg/mL against both Candida species. Based on a molecular docking study, it was shown that compounds 1 and 2 have a binding free energy of -6.6377 and -6.7075 kcal/mol, respectively, which indicates a strong affinity and specificity for fungal enzymatic targets. This study utilized pharmacophore modeling and Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations to better understand the interaction dynamics and structural properties crucial for antifungal activity. The findings underscore the potential of secondary metabolites derived from A. flava to act as a foundation for creating novel and highly efficient antifungal treatments, specifically targeting fungal diseases resistant to existing treatment methods. Thus, the results regarding these compounds can provide references for the next stage in antifungal drug design. Further investigation is necessary to thoroughly evaluate these natural substances' clinical feasibility and safety characteristics, which show great potential as antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudi Hendra
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28291, Indonesia; (A.A.); (H.Y.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia;
| | - Aulia Agustha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28291, Indonesia; (A.A.); (H.Y.T.)
| | - Neni Frimayanti
- Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia;
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia;
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Hilwan Yuda Teruna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28291, Indonesia; (A.A.); (H.Y.T.)
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Zuo H, Zhou W, Chen Y, Zhou B, Wang Z, Huang S, Alinejad T, Chen C. Palmatine Alleviates Particulate Matter-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Pyroptosis via Activating the Nrf2-Related Pathway. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02009-2. [PMID: 38598115 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) induces and enhances oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to a variety of respiratory diseases, including acute lung injury. Exploring new treatments for PM-induced lung injury has long been of interest to researchers. Palmatine (PAL) is a natural extract derived from plants that has been reported in many studies to alleviate inflammatory diseases. Our study was designed to explore whether PAL can alleviate acute lung injury caused by PM. The acute lung injury model was established by instilling PM (4 mg/kg) into the airway of mice, and PAL (50 mg/kg and 100 m/kg) was administrated orally as the treatment groups. The effect and mechanism of PAL treatment were examined by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, Western Blotting, ELISA, and other experiments. The results showed that oral administration of PAL (50 mg/kg and 100 m/kg) could significantly alleviate lung inflammation and acute lung injury caused by PM. In terms of mechanism, we found that PAL (50 mg/kg) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-damage effects mainly by enhancing the activation of the Nrf2-related antioxidant pathway and inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3-related pyroptosis pathway in mice. These mechanisms have also been verified in our cell experiments. Further cell experiments showed that PAL may reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating Nrf2-related pathways, thereby inhibiting the activation of NLRP3-related pyroptosis pathway induced by PM in Beas-2B cell. Our study suggests that PAL can be a new option for PM-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wanting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Binqian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhengkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Tahereh Alinejad
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cell Growth Factor, and Brain Health), Wenzhou Medical University, VisionWenzhou, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China.
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Yang F, Zhang H, Su T, Wang J, Zhang Y, Song X. Antiviral effect of palmatine against infectious bronchitis virus through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathway and apoptosis. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:119-128. [PMID: 38166582 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2296929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
1. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gamma-coronavirus, can infect chickens of all ages and leads to an acute contact respiratory infection. This study evaluated the anti-viral activity of palmatine, a natural non-flavonoid alkaloid, against IBV in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells.2. The half toxic concentration (CC50) of palmatine was 672.92 μM, the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of palmatine against IBV was 7.76 μM and the selection index (SI) was 86.74.3. Mode of action assay showed that palmatine was able to directly inactivate IBV and inhibited the adsorption, penetration and intracellular replication of IBV.4. Palmatine significantly upregulated TRAF6, TAB1 and IKK-β compared with the IBV-infected group, leading to the increased expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the downstream NF-κB signalling pathway.5. Palmatine significantly up-regulated the levels of MDA5, MAVS, IRF7, IFN-α and IFN-β in the IRF7 pathway, inducing type I interferon production. It up-regulated the expression of 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) in the JAK-STAT pathway.6. IBV infection induced cell apoptosis and palmatine-treatment delayed the process of apoptosis by regulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes (BAX, BCL-2, CASPASE-3 and CASPASE-8).7. Palmatine could exert anti-IBV activity through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathways and apoptosis, providing a theoretical basis for the utilisation of palmatine to treat IBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Chen
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - F Yang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - T Su
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Wang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Xin L, Tan GY, Zhang Q, Zhang Q. Protective Effects of Phellodendron Species on Bone Health: A Novel Perspective on Their Potentials in Treating Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:379-384. [PMID: 38157118 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3751-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Phellodendron (PN) species, traditionally used in Chinese medicine for centuries, hold promise as a potential treatment for osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) due to their bioactive compounds. The bioactive compounds, including berberine and palmatine, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and bone-protective properties, contributing to their potential therapeutic benefits in promoting bone health and preventing bone loss. However, challenges such as the need for standardized preparation and dosing, limited clinical studies, and potential interactions with other medications hinder their clinical use. Nonetheless, the rich history of PN species in Chinese medicine provides a promising foundation for future investigation into their potential as alternative treatments for OP and OA. Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of action and explore the clinical implications of PN for bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xin
- Good Clinical Practice Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Guo-Yao Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Good Clinical Practice Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Nieoczym D, Marszalek-Grabska M, Szalak R, Kundap U, Kaczor AA, Wrobel TM, Kosheva N, Komar M, Abram M, Esguerra CV, Samarut E, Pieróg M, Jakubiec M, Kaminski K, Kukula-Koch W, Gawel K. A comprehensive assessment of palmatine as anticonvulsant agent - In vivo and in silico studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116234. [PMID: 38325264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that palmatine (PALM) - an isoquinoline alkaloid from Berberis sibrica radix, exerted antiseizure activity in the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure assay in larval zebrafish. The aim of the present study was to more precisely characterize PALM as a potential anticonvulsant drug candidate. A range of zebrafish and mouse seizure/epilepsy models were applied in the investigation. Immunostaining analysis was conducted to assess the changes in mouse brains, while in silico molecular modelling was performed to determine potential targets for PALM. Accordingly, PALM had anticonvulsant effect in ethyl 2-ketopent-4-enoate (EKP)-induced seizure assay in zebrafish larvae as well as in the 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizure threshold and timed infusion PTZ tests in mice. The protective effect in the EKP-induced seizure assay was confirmed in the local field potential recordings. PALM did not affect seizures in the gabra1a knockout line of zebrafish larvae. In the scn1Lab-/- zebrafish line, pretreatment with PALM potentiated seizure-like behaviour of larvae. Repetitive treatment with PALM, however, did not reduce development of PTZ-induced seizure activity nor prevent the loss of parvalbumin-interneurons in the hippocampus of the PTZ kindled mice. In silico molecular modelling revealed that the noted anticonvulsant effect of PALM in EKP-induced seizure assay might result from its interactions with glutamic acid decarboxylase and/or via AMPA receptor non-competitive antagonism. Our study has demonstrated the anticonvulsant activity of PALM in some experimental models of seizures, including a model of pharmacoresistant seizures induced by EKP. These results indicate that PALM might be a suitable new drug candidate but the precise mechanism of its anticonvulsant activity has to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Nieoczym
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka Str. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Marszalek-Grabska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Str. 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Szalak
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 12 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Uday Kundap
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Canada East Spine Centre, Saint John Regional Hospital, Department of Spine and Orthopaedics surgery, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, NB E2L 4L4, Canada
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodżki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomasz M Wrobel
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodżki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Nataliia Kosheva
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Str. 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Komar
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 12 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michal Abram
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Camila V Esguerra
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalleen 21, Forskningsparken, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Samarut
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Neurosciences Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mateusz Pieróg
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka Str. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Jakubiec
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kaminski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki Str. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Gawel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Str. 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
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Xu Y, Shen B, Pan X, Liu C, Wang Y, Chen X, Wang T, Chen G, Chen J. Palmatine ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis-associated encephalopathy mice by regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155307. [PMID: 38181529 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), a common neurological complication from sepsis, is widespread among patients in intensive care unit and is linked to substantial morbidity and mortality rates, thus posing a substantial menace to human health. Due to the intricate nature of SAE's pathogenesis, there remains a dearth of efficacious therapeutic protocols, encompassing pharmaceutical agents and treatment modalities, up until the present time. Palmatine exhibits distinctive benefits in the regulation of inflammation for the improvement of sepsis. Nevertheless, the precise functions of palmatine in treating SAE and its underlying mechanism have yet to be elucidated. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate efficiency of palmatine in SAE mice and its underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Behavioral experiments, percent survival rate analysis, histological analysis, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA analysis, were performed to evaluate the efficiency of palmatine in SAE mice. Quantibody® mouse inflammation array glass chip was performed to observe the effects of palmatine on inflammation storm in SAE mice. Real-time quantitative and western blotting analyzes were employed to examine the expression of relevant targets in the Notch1/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Finally, brain tissues metabolomics-based analyzes were performed to detect the differentially expressed metabolites and metabolic pathways. The fecal samples were subjected to microbial 16S rRNA analysis and untargeted metabolomics analysis in order to identify the specific flora and metabolites associated with SAE, thereby further investigating the mechanism of palmatine in SAE mice. RESULTS Our results showed that palmatine significantly improved nerve function, reduced cell apoptosis in brain tissue, and decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in SAE induced-LPS mice. Meanwhile, our results demonstrate the potential of palmatine in modulating key components of the Notch1/NF-κB pathway, enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins, improving intestinal permeability, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria (such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group), inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria (such as Escherichia-Shigella), and mitigating metabolic disorders. Ultimately, these observed effects contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of palmatine in treating SAE. CONCLUSION The findings of our study have provided confirmation regarding the efficacy of palmatine in the treatment of SAE, thereby establishing a solid foundation for further exploration into SAE therapy and the advancement and investigation of palmatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, PR China
| | - Bixin Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China
| | - Xusheng Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, PR China
| | - Yingyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300000, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300000, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, PR China.
| | - Guirong Chen
- College of pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lin Hai, Zhejiang, 317000, PR China.
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Lin L, Yan J, Sun J, Zhang J, Liao B. Screening and evaluation of metabolites binding PRAS40 from Erxian decoction used to treat spinal cord injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1339956. [PMID: 38318139 PMCID: PMC10839085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1339956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The PRAS40 is an essential inhibitory subunit of the mTORC1 complex, which regulates autophagy. It has been suggested that Erxian Decoction (EXD) could treat spinal cord injury (SCI) via the autophagy pathway. However, the mechanism of whether EXD acts through PRAS40 remains unclear. Methods: With the help of immobilized PRAS40, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and molecular docking, the bioactive metabolites in the EXD were screened. To establish in vitro SCI models, PC12 cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and then treated with the identified EXD substances. Furthermore, Western blot assay was carried out to identify potential molecular mechanisms involved. For assessing the effect of metabolites in vivo, the SCI model rats were first pretreated with or without the metabolite and then subjected to the immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale, and H&E staining. Results: The immobilized PRAS40 isolated indole, 4-nitrophenol, terephthalic acid, palmatine, sinapinaldehyde, and 3-chloroaniline as the potential ligands binding to PRAS40. Furthermore, the association constants of palmatine and indole as 2.84 × 106 M-1 and 3.82 × 105 M-1 were elucidated via ITC due to the drug-like properties of these two metabolites. Molecular docking results also further demonstrated the mechanism of palmatine binding to PRAS40. Western blot analysis of PC12 cells demonstrated that palmatine inhibited the expression of p-mTOR by binding to PRAS40, activating the autophagic flux by markedly increasing LC3. The injection of palmatine (10μM and 20 μM) indicated notably increased BBB scores in the SCI rat model. Additionally, a dose-dependent increase in LC3 was observed by IHC staining. Conclusion: This research proved that EXD comprises PRAS40 antagonists, and the identified metabolite, palmatine, could potentially treat SCI by activating the autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingchuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eighth Hospital of Xi’an City, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Valipour M, Zakeri Khatir Z, Abdollahi E, Ayati A. Recent Applications of Protoberberines as Privileged Starting Materials for the Development of Novel Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents: A Concise Review (2017-2023). ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:48-71. [PMID: 38230282 PMCID: PMC10789142 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Berberine is a well-known phytochemical with significant antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses. Due to having a unique backbone consisting of four interconnected rings, it can be used as a platform for the design and development of novel semisynthetic antiviral agents. The question here is whether novel broad-spectrum antiviral drugs with enhanced activity and toxicity potential can be obtained by attempting to modify the structure of this privileged lead compound. The present study aims to review the results of recent studies in which berberine and its close analogues (protoberberine alkaloids) have been used as starting materials for the production of new semisynthetic antiviral structures. For this purpose, relevant studies published in high-quality journals indexed in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, etc. in the time frame of 2017 to 2023 were collected. Our selection criterion in the current review focuses on the studies in which protoberberines were used as starting materials for the production of semisynthetic agents with antiviral activity during the indicated time period. Correspondingly, studies were identified in which semisynthetic derivatives with significant inhibitory activity against a wide range of viruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), enterovirus 71 (EV71), zika virus (ZIKV), influenza A/B, cytomegalovirus (CMV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coxsackieviruses were designed and synthesized. Our conclusion is that, despite the introduction of diverse semisynthetic derivatives of berberine with improved activity profiles compared to the parent natural leads, sufficient derivatization has not been done yet and more studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Valipour
- Razi
Drug Research Center, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Zahra Zakeri Khatir
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 6964114483, Iran
- Student
Research Committee, Mazandaran University
of Medical Sciences, Sari 6964114483, Iran
| | - Elaheh Abdollahi
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Adileh Ayati
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
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Wang Y, Pei H, Chen W, Du R, Li J, He Z. Palmatine Protects PC12 Cells and Mice from Aβ25-35-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:7955. [PMID: 38138445 PMCID: PMC10745955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a common degenerative disease which has a great impact on people's daily lives, but there is still a certain market gap in the drug research about it. Palmatine, one of the main components of Huangteng, the rattan stem of Fibraurea recisa Pierre (Menispermaceae), has potential in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of palmatine on amyloid beta protein 25-35-induced rat pheochromocytoma cells and AD mice and to investigate its mechanism of action. CCK8 assays, ELISA, the Morris water maze assay, fluorescent probes, calcein/PI staining, immunofluorescent staining and Western blot analysis were used. The experimental results show that palmatine can increase the survival rate of Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells and mouse hippocampal neurons, reduce apoptosis, reduce the content of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GSH, SOD, MDA and ROS, improve the learning and memory ability of AD mice, inhibit the expression of Keap-1 and Bax, and promote the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2. We conclude that palmatine can ameliorate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation produced by Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells and mice by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In conclusion, our results suggest that palmatine may have a potential therapeutic effect on AD and could be further investigated as a promising therapeutic agent for AD. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of related drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Dai X, Yu Y, Zou C, Pan B, Wang H, Wang S, Wang X, Wang C, Liu D, Liu Y. Traditional Banxia Xiexin decoction inhibits invasion, metastasis, and epithelial mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer by reducing lncRNA TUC338 expression. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21064. [PMID: 37964840 PMCID: PMC10641127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula clinically used to treat chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, gastric cancer, and many other gastrointestinal diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in maintaining the malignant phenotype of tumors. However, no relevant studies have shown whether Banxia Xiexin decoction regulates and controls lncRNA TUC338, and the effect of TUC338 on the regulation of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the ability of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) to inhibit the migration and invasion of human gastric cancer AGS cells by regulating the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TUC338. Methods UHPLC‒MS/MS was used to analyze the chemical components of BXD. MTT was performed to determine the effects of BXD on the proliferation of AGS cells. qRT‒PCR was used to determine the expression of lncRNA TUC338 in gastric cancer tissues, paracarcinoma tissues, AGS human gastric cancer cells and GES-1 normal gastric mucosa cells and to evaluate the effects of BXD on the expression of lncRNA TUC338 in AGS cells. Lentiviral transfection was used to establish human gastric cancer AGS cells with knocked down lncRNA TUC338 expression. The effects of lncRNA TUC338 knockdown on the migration and invasion of AGS cells were observed by a scratch assay and Transwell migration assay, respectively. Western blotting was performed to analyze the effects of lncRNA TUC338 knockdown on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in AGS cells. We performed quality control on three batches of BXD. We used UHPLC‒MS/MS to control the quality of three random batches of BXD used throughout the study. Results Ninety-five chemical components were identified from the water extract of BXD, some of which have anticancer effects. The expression of TUC.338 in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues. BXD inhibited the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of lncRNA TUC338, which reduced EMT. After knockdown of lncRNA TUC338, the migration and invasion of AGS cells were reduced; the expression of the EMT-related protein E-cadherin was increased, and the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin was reduced. Conclusions The present results suggest that BXD has potential as an effective treatment for gastric cancer through the inhibition of lncRNA TUC338 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Dai
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yangzhou, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yanwei Yu
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Chen Zou
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Chenghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Jianghai Polytechnic College, 5 Yangzijiang South Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
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13
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Knap B, Nieoczym D, Kundap U, Kusio-Targonska K, Kukula-Koch W, Turski WA, Gawel K. Zebrafish as a robust preclinical platform for screening plant-derived drugs with anticonvulsant properties-a review. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1221665. [PMID: 37701853 PMCID: PMC10493295 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1221665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, selected plant sources have been explored for medicines to treat convulsions. This continues today, especially in countries with low-income rates and poor medical systems. However, in the low-income countries, plant extracts and isolated drugs are in high demand due to their good safety profiles. Preclinical studies on animal models of seizures/epilepsy have revealed the anticonvulsant and/or antiepileptogenic properties of, at least some, herb preparations or plant metabolites. Still, there is a significant number of plants known in traditional medicine that exert anticonvulsant activity but have not been evaluated on animal models. Zebrafish is recognized as a suitable in vivo model of epilepsy research and is increasingly used as a screening platform. In this review, the results of selected preclinical studies are summarized to provide credible information for the future development of effective screening methods for plant-derived antiseizure/antiepileptic therapeutics using zebrafish models. We compared zebrafish vs. rodent data to show the translational value of the former in epilepsy research. We also surveyed caveats in methodology. Finally, we proposed a pipeline for screening new anticonvulsant plant-derived drugs in zebrafish ("from tank to bedside and back again").
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Knap
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Nieoczym
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Uday Kundap
- Canada East Spine Center, Saint John Regional Hospital, Horizon Health Center, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Kamila Kusio-Targonska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Waldemar A. Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Gawel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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14
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Fang YX, Liu YQ, Hu YM, Yang YY, Zhang DJ, Jiang CH, Wang JH, Zhang J. Shaoyao decoction restores the mucus layer in mice with DSS-induced colitis by regulating Notch signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116258. [PMID: 36806347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Restoring the mucus layer is a potential strategy for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). Previous studies reported that a Chinese medicine formula Shaoyao Decoction (SYD) effectively improved UC. However, the role and mechanism of SYD in restoring the mucus layer are still vague. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to research the therapeutical effects and unravel the involved mechanism of SYD on DSS-evoked UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the constituents of SYD were detected by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Then, the DSS-induced UC model was introduced to investigate the pharmacologic action and molecular mechanism of SYD on UC. Pharmacodynamic indicators were assessed including body weight, colon length, ulcerations, disease activity index (DAI), inflammatory cytokines and histological parameters. To investigate the integrality and functions of the mucous layer, AB-PAS stain and UEA-1 stain were used to evaluate the completeness of mucous layer, as well as the maturation of goblet cells (GCs). The bacterial invasion was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. As to mechanism exploration, the expressions of Notch/Hes1 pathway were investigated by using agonists in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) -stimulated LS174T cell. RESULTS After modeling in mice, SYD remarkedly ameliorated the symptoms of mouse colitis, the expression of pro-inflammatory factors declined, and increased IL-10 expression was observed in SYD-treated mice. Besides, SYD repaired the structure of the mucus layer and prevented bacterial invasion. Mechanism investigation discovered that SYD promoted GCs differentiation by inhibiting the Notch pathway, which was consistent with the results in LPS-challenged LS174 cell. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that SYD could restore the mucus layer to prevent UC via suppressing the Notch signaling pathway, which provided evidences for the UC treatment of SYD in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - You-Qian Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, PR China
| | - Yi-Min Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Dong-Jian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Cui-Hua Jiang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
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Balkrishna A, Haldar S, Varshney A. OECD-407 Driven 28-day-repeated-dose non-clinical safety evaluation of Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) stem aqueous extract in Sprague-Dawley rats under GLP compliance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1095083. [PMID: 37274116 PMCID: PMC10233126 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1095083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Hook.f. & Thomson (Giloy), has been widely used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. However, some sporadic under-powered case studies have recently reported Tinospora cordifolia associated toxicity. Thus, following OECD 407 guidelines, a 28-day-repeated-dose-14-day-recovery toxicological evaluation of the aqueous extract of T. cordifolia stem (TCWE) was conducted under good laboratory practice (GLP), in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day of TCWE was given orally to designated treatment groups of either sex. Two separate 14-day recovery satellite groups received either vehicle control or 1000 mg/kg/day of TCWE. Results: In this study, TCWE was found safe up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg/day with no mortality or related toxicological manifestation in terms of clinical signs, ocular effects, hematology, urinalysis, clinical chemistry parameters, or macro- or microscopic changes in any organs. The satellite group did not show any adverse effect after 14-day recovery period. Thus, the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) of TCWE was determined to be 1000 mg/kg/day. Discussion: In conclusion, this study established the non-clinical safety of the aqueous extract of T. cordifolia stem, which confirms the age-old safe medicinal use of this herb, and also paves the path for future clinical research on formulations containing Tinospora cordifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Governed by Patanjali Research Foundation Trust, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Patanjali UK Trust, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Swati Haldar
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Governed by Patanjali Research Foundation Trust, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Governed by Patanjali Research Foundation Trust, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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16
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Wang D, Qi M, Zhao H, Wu H, Chen H, Lan Y, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Wang J. Interventional effect of processing temperature on anti-angiogenesis of Coptis chinensis and screening of active components by UPLC-MS/MS on quail chick chorioallantoic membrane model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116014. [PMID: 36581161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coptis chinensis Franch. (CC), as a commonly used heat-clearing and toxin-resolving traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has gained increased attention for its anti-tumor activity. However, little is known about the anti-tumor angiogenesis effect of CC and its possible bioactive components. Also, it has been shown that temperature affects the quality of CC, albeit whether and how it affects the anti-angiogenic activity of CC is currently unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the processing temperatures (40, 60, 80, 120, 140, 150, 160 and 200 °C) at which CC has the strongest anti-angiogenic effect and speculate the possible bioactive components. MATERIALS AND METHODS The q-CAM model was constructed to explore the anti-angiogenesis agents of CC. The angiogenesis inhibition effects of CC samples at different processing temperatures and its seven alkaloids were determined based on morphological observation and vascular area proportion analysis. UPLC-MS/MS was employed to screen the potent active components of CC on anti-angiogenesis. RESULTS All the intervention by CC at different processing temperatures and its seven alkaloids could inhibit angiogenesis on q-CAM vessels, as evidenced by a poor vasular development in morphological observation and a low vascular area proportion in vascular quantitative analysis, most evident in CC processed at 40 °C and palmatine. LC-MS revealed that palmatine displayed strongest inhibitory effect on q-CAM vessels with a high absorption due to its stable structure. And the maternal nucleus transformation phenomenon of CC alkaloids was found in the quail embryo metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The q-CAM models in conjunction with the UPLC-MS/MS technique could be a useful tool for assessing tumor angiogenesis and screening tumor-targeted medicines. Processing temperature can affect the anti-angiogenesis effect of CC because of its function on the content of alkaloids, and palmatine can be considered as a prospective anti-angiogenic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Miao Qi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Hedi Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Haozhong Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Han Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Yanan Lan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Yanmin Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Yani Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Jingjuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
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Zhang H, Xu Z, Gao H, Zhang Q. Systematic analysis on the mechanism of Zhizi-Bopi decoction against hepatitis B via network pharmacology and molecular docking. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:463-478. [PMID: 36807721 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Zhizi-Bopi decoction (ZZBPD) is a classic herbal formula with wide clinical applications in treating liver diseases including hepatitis B. However, the mechanism needs to be elucidated. METHODS Chemical components of ZZBPD were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS). Then we used network pharmacology to identify their potential targets. Network construction, coupled with protein-protein interaction and enrichment analysis was used to identify representative components and core targets. Finally, molecular docking simulation was conducted to further refine the drug-target interaction. RESULTS One hundred and forty-eight active compounds were identified in ZZBPD, targeting 779 genes/proteins, among which 174 were related to hepatitis B. ZZBPD mainly influences the progression of hepatitis B through the hepatitis B pathway (hsa05161) via core anti-HBV targets (AKT1, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, SRC, TNF, MAPK1, and MAPK3). Enrichment analysis indicated that ZZBPD can also potentially regulate lipid metabolism and enhance cell survival. Molecular docking suggested that the representative active compounds can bind to the core anti-HBV targets with high affinity. CONCLUSION The potential molecular mechanisms of ZZBPD in hepatitis B treatment were identified using network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches. The results serve as an important basis for the modernization of ZZBPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655, University Road, Changqing District, Ji'nan, 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhouyi Xu
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Haojun Gao
- New Zhonglu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ji'nan, 250011, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655, University Road, Changqing District, Ji'nan, 250355, Shandong Province, China.
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18
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Yang A, Lin X, Liu Z, Duan X, Yuan Y, Zhang J, Liang Q, Ji X, Sun N, Yu H, He W, Zhu L, Xu B, Lin X. Worm Generator: A System for High-Throughput in Vivo Screening. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:1280-1288. [PMID: 36719250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale screening of molecules in organisms requires high-throughput and cost-effective evaluating tools during preclinical development. Here, a novel in vivo screening strategy combining hierarchically structured biohybrid triboelectric nanogenerators (HB-TENGs) arrays with computational bioinformatics analysis for high-throughput pharmacological evaluation using Caenorhabditis elegans is described. Unlike the traditional methods for behavioral monitoring of the animals, which are laborious and costly, HB-TENGs with micropillars are designed to efficiently convert animals' behaviors into friction deformation and result in a contact-separation motion between two triboelectric layers to generate electrical outputs. The triboelectric signals are recorded and extracted to various bioinformation for each screened compound. Moreover, the information-rich electrical readouts are successfully demonstrated to be sufficient to predict a drug's identity by multiple-Gaussian-kernels-based machine learning methods. This proposed strategy can be readily applied to various fields and is especially useful in in vivo explorations to accelerate the identification of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xin Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yurou Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qilin Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xianglin Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Huajun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Weiwei He
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bingzhe Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xudong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Kiris I, Kukula-Koch W, Karayel-Basar M, Gurel B, Coskun J, Baykal AT. Proteomic alterations in the cerebellum and hippocampus in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model: Alleviating effect of palmatine. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114111. [PMID: 36502756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent diseases that lead to memory deficiencies, severe behavioral abnormalities, and ultimately death. The need for more appropriate treatment of AD continues, and remains a sought-after goal. Previous studies showed palmatine (PAL), an isoquinoline alkaloid, might have the potential for combating AD because of its in vitro and in vivo activities. In this study, we aimed to assess PAL's therapeutic potential and gain insights into the working mechanism on protein level in the AD mouse model brain, for the first time. To this end, PAL was administered to 12-month-old 5xFAD mice at two doses after its successful isolation from the Siberian barberry shrub. PAL (10 mg/kg) showed statistically significant improvement in the memory and learning phase on the Morris water maze test. The PAL's ability to pass through the blood-brain barrier was verified via Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM). Label-free proteomics analysis revealed PAL administration led to changes most prominently in the cerebellum, followed by the hippocampus, but none in the cortex. Most of the differentially expressed proteins in PAL compared to the 5xFAD control group (ALZ) were the opposite of those in ALZ in comparison to healthy Alzheimer's littermates (ALM) group. HS105, HS12A, and RL12 were detected as hub proteins in the cerebellum. Collectively, here we present PAL as a potential therapeutic candidate owing to its alleviating effect in 5xFAD mice on not only cognitive impairment but also proteomes in the cerebellum and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kiris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Merve Karayel-Basar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Gurel
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, SUNUM, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Julide Coskun
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tarik Baykal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Ai G, Huang R, Xie J, Zhong L, Wu X, Qin Z, Su Z, Chen J, Yang X, Dou Y. Hypouricemic and nephroprotective effects of palmatine from Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis: A uric acid modulator targeting Keap1-Nrf2/NLRP3 axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115775. [PMID: 36198377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Palmatine (Pal) is a major bioactive alkaloid originated from ancient Chinese herbal medicine Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis (CPA), which has long been applied to treat hyperuricemia (HUA)-related diseases. Pal possesses potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects against metabolic diseases. However, its potential beneficial effect against PO (potassium oxonate)/HX (hypoxanthine)-induced HUA remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the potential pharmacological effect and mechanism of Pal on PO/HX-induced HUA in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS A mouse model of HUA was established by co-administration of PO/HX once daily for 7 consecutive days. The HUA mice were orally given three doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of Pal daily for a week. Febuxostat (Feb, 5 mg/kg) was given as a positive control. At the scheduled termination of the experiment, the whole blood, liver and kidney were collected for subsequent analyses. The concentrations of uric acid (UA), creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) were evaluated. Histopathological alterations of the kidney were detected by H&E staining. The inflammatory and oxidative stress status was detected by assay kits. Additionally, key proteins involved in the urate transporter, Keap1-Nrf2 and TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathways were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Finally, molecular docking was employed to probe the binding characteristics of Pal and target proteins Keap1, NLRP3, URAT1 and HO-1. RESULTS Administration of Pal substantially decreased the elevated kidney weight, lowered UA, CRE and BUN levels, and attenuated abnormal histopathological alterations. Meanwhile, treatment with Pal also dramatically lowered hepatic XOD and ADA activities. Besides, Pal treatment effectively mitigated the renal inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Further mechanistic investigation indicated Pal distinctly downregulated the protein levels of GLUT9 and URAT1, while up-regulated the expression levels of OAT1 and ABCG2. Pal also restored Nrf2 activation, promoted subsequent expression of anti-oxidative enzymes, and downregulated the expressions of TXNIP, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like (ASC), caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Molecular docking analysis also indicated Pal firmly bound with Keap1, NLRP3, URAT1 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that Pal exhibited favorable anti-HUA effect via modulating the expressions of transporter-related proteins and suppressing XOD activity. Furthermore, Pal also alleviated HUA-induced kidney injury, which was at least partially related to restoring Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome. Our investigation was envisaged to provide experimental support for the traditional application of CPA and CPA-containing classical herbal formulas in the management of HUA-related diseases and might provide novel dimension to the clinical application of Pal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ronglei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Linjiang Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zehui Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yaoxing Dou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine/Post-Doctoral Research Station, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Du H, Hao K, Wang Q, Huang X, Wu J, Li H, Huang C, Xu L, Yin L, Lin J. Studies on crystal structures, optical, dyeing and biological properties of protoberberine alkaloids and their supramolecular salts. Bioorg Chem 2022; 130:106256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Sarbadhikary P, George BP. A Review on Traditionally Used African Medicinal Plant Annickia chlorantha, Its Phytochemistry, and Anticancer Potential. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172293. [PMID: 36079675 PMCID: PMC9460708 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Annickia chlorantha Setten & P.J.Maas belongs to the Annonaceae family and is a multi-purpose medicinal plant, which has been extensively used for the traditional treatment option for malaria in western and central Africa. Its phytochemical composition is dominated particularly by various biologically active protoberberines and acetogenins. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review on the traditional uses, phytochemical profiles, and the toxicology of this plant from a myriad of available publications. Even after its tremendous applications against several different human ailments, this plant has been underestimated for its anticancer potential. Herein, based on the phytochemical composition, we discuss the probable mode of mechanism for its antiproliferative activity, which highlights its importance for cytotoxicity screenings against cancer cells. Additionally, this article discusses several research questions and suggests the future directions of its applications in medicinal plant-based anticancer research.
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Pei H, Zeng J, Chen W, He Z, Du R. Network pharmacology and molecular docking integrated strategy to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of palmatine in Alzheimer's disease. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23200. [PMID: 35997646 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The key molecular mechanism of palmatine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was investigated in this article. METHODS Network pharmacology techniques constructed drug-target-disease relationship networks and predictive pathways of action. At the cellular level, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce Raw 264.7 cells to establish an inflammation model, and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α indicators were examined. Apoptosis was detected using Hoechst 33258. At the animal level, LPS was used to induce AD animal model, and behavioral performance were examined by water maze, and serum biochemical indexes were measured by ELISA. And the expression of PI3K and P-AKT was observed by immunohistochemistry. Finally, molecular level validation was performed using the molecular docking technique. RESULTS The result of Network pharmacological was predicted that palmatine may treat AD mainly through the PI3K pathway. Palmatine has no significant effect on Raw264.7 cells viability within 0.05 mg/ml, Palmatine can significantly induce Raw264.7 cells to secret IL-6 and IL1-β in a concentration-dependent manner, but it has not obvious impact on NO and TNF-α. Palmatine has a significant restorative effect on the cell viability of Raw264.7 in a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Palmatine can be concentration-dependent to downregulate the secretion of LPS-induced IL-6. At the same time, Palmatine also has a significant effect on the level of TNF-α induced by LPS, it also can slightly downregulate the secretion of IL-1β. The results of Hoechst33258 showed that cells in the 0.025 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml delivery groups increased with different degrees of bright blue fluorescence, and apoptosis rate decreased. Animal experiments showed that palmatine effectively improved the learning and memory ability of AD mice. The immunohistochemical results exhibited that the expression of PI3K and P-AKT in the model group decreased, but they were obvious reversed by palmatine The molecular docking results showed that palmatine and key targets had good docking, among which the binding to ERBB2, CDC42, MDM2, and mTOR was the most likely. CONCLUSION Palmatine has neuroprotective effects. Palmatine could effectively ameliorate memory impairment in AD mice by promoting the PI3K-AKT pathway. Molecular docking results showed that palmatine has a better binding ability with mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianning Zeng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Breeding and Product Development Technology of Sika Deer, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Rui Du
- Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Breeding and Product Development Technology of Sika Deer, Jilin, China
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Lin GS, Zhao MM, Fu QC, Zhao SY, Ba TT, Yu HX. Palmatine attenuates hepatocyte injury by promoting autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway after alcoholic liver disease. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1613-1622. [PMID: 35976121 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is one of the diseases with the highest fatality rate worldwide. The cellular process of autophagy which recycles damaged organelles to maintain protein and organelle homeostasis is found to positively influence survival during hepatic insufficiency, although the mechanism is poorly understood. Palmatine (PLT) has a variety of biological functions, such as broad-spectrum antibacterial action, neuroprotective, antioxidant stress, and antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. However, it is not known whether PLT has a protective effect against alcoholic liver injury. Here, we investigated the protective effect of PLT in a cellular model of alcohol-induced acute liver injury and further explored its mechanism of action. In this study, we show for the first time that PLT attenuates alcohol-induced hepatocyte injury by promoting autophagy to play an essential protective role. As PLT treatment induced a brief increase in LC3-II conversion and p62 degradation, it also upregulated the expression of ATG5 and ATG7. The expression levels of the proapoptotic proteins Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9 significantly decreased, while the antiapoptotic protein levels of Bcl-2 upregulated after treatment with PLT. However, in presence of the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, the effect of PLT in inhibiting ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury reversed significantly. Mechanistically, the protective effects of PLT may be mediated by promoting the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Therefore, we believe that the development of alcoholic liver injuries may be controlled by PLT by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis through the autophagy pathway. The study lays a solid theoretical and practical basis for future animal models and clinical studies of PLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Shuai Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mao-Mao Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qi-Chao Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shu-Yi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Tao-Tao Ba
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Xia Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Wang L, Li M, Zhu C, Qin A, Wang J, Wei X. The protective effect of Palmatine on depressive like behavior by modulating microglia polarization in LPS-induced mice. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3178-3191. [PMID: 35917005 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of Palmatine on LPS-induced depressive like behavior and explore its potential mechanism. The mice were intragastrically treated with Fluoxetine or Palmatine once daily for 1 week. After the last drug administration, the mice were intraperitoneally challenged with LPS and suffered for Sucrose preference test, Tail suspension test, Forced swimming test and Open field test. The pro-inflammatory biomarkers were measured by ELISA, qPCR, WB and immunofluorescence. As a result, the administration of Palmatine effectively lessened depressive-like behavior. Palmatine could decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, the expressions of CD68, iNOS mRNA, as well as increase the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, the expressions of CD206, Arg1 mRNA, Ym1 mRNA both in LPS-induced mice and in LPS-induced BV2 cells. The beneficial effect of Palmatine might be attributed to the suppression of M1 microglia polarization and the promotion of M2 microglia polarization via PDE4B/KLF4 signaling. The similar results were observed in CUMS-induced depressive mice. The transfection with PDE4B SiRNA or KLF4 SiRNA indicated that PDE4B and KLF4 were both involved in the Palmatine-mediated microglia polarization. Molecular docking indicated that Palmatine could interact with PDE4B. In conclusion, this research demonstrated that Palmatine attenuated depressive like behavior by modulating microglia polarization via PDE4B/KLF4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No.69, Huangshanling Road, 211800, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jingshi Road, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Cuiping Zhu
- Pukou branch of Jiangsu Province Hospital, No.166, Shanghe street, 211800, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiping Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No.69, Huangshanling Road, 211800, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinchun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No.69, Huangshanling Road, 211800, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xianni Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, No. 89, Haiyu Road, 361026, Xiamen, China.
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Improving hygroscopic stability of palmatine by replacing Clˉ and preparing single crystal of palmatine-salicylic acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fan T, Cheng Y, Wei W, Zeng Q, Guo X, Guo Z, Li Y, Zhao L, Shi Y, Zhang X, Jiang J, Wang Y, Kong W, Song D. Palmatine Derivatives as Potential Antiplatelet Aggregation Agents via Protein Kinase G/Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Phosphorylation. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7399-7413. [PMID: 35549263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sixty palmatine (PMT) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antiplatelet aggregation taking berberine as the lead, and the structure-activity relationship was first systematically described. Among them, compound 2v showed the best potency in reducing adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. It greatly suppressed ADP-induced platelet aggregation, activation, and Akt phosphorylation in vitro and ex vivo after oral administration to mice. It also effectively inhibited carrageenan-induced thrombus formation in the mouse tail and lung, as well as reduced the serum P-selectin level. Compound 2v might simultaneously bind to protein kinase G to improve vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation and bind to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to inhibit Akt phosphorylation, which synergically reduced platelet aggregation, thereby achieving antithrombotic efficacy. Therefore, PMT derivatives constituted a novel family of antiplatelet aggregation agents with the advantage of a good safety profile, worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Fan
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qingxuan Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xixi Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhihao Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinghong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yulong Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanxiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Danqing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Zhai L, Peng J, Zhuang M, Chang YY, Cheng KW, Ning ZW, Huang T, Lin C, Wong HLX, Lam YY, Tan HY, Xiao HT, Bian ZX. Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Zhen-Wu-Bu-Qi Decoction on dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis in mice assessed by multi-omics approaches. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154001. [PMID: 35240530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zhen-Wu-Bu-Qi Decoction (ZWBQD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula comprising Poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Radix Codonopsis and Rhizoma Coptidis, is used for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). In a previous study, we have reported ZWBQD mitigates the severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. HYPOTHESIS In this study, we aimed to understand the systemic actions and underlying mechanisms of ZWBQD on experimental colitis in mice. METHODS We used multi-omics techniques and immunoblotting approach to study the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of ZWBQD in DSS-induced chronic colitic mice. RESULTS We showed that ZWBQD exhibited potent anti-inflammatory properties and significantly protected DSS-induced colitic mice against colon injury by regulating the PI3K-AKT, MAPK signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathways. We also revealed that ZWBQD significantly ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis and abnormalities of tryptophan catabolites induced by DSS. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of ZWBQD on experimental colitis are mediated by regulating multiple signaling pathways and modulation of gut microbiota. Our study employed an integrative strategy to elucidate novel mechanisms of ZWBQD, which provides new insights into the development of Chinese herbal medicine-based therapeutics for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Zhai
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiao Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yao-Yao Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ka Wing Cheng
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Wan Ning
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengyuan Lin
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan Y Lam
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development and School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Zhang YN, Duan Y, Liu LX, Chang L, Feng YR, Wu LL, Zhang L, Zhang YJ, Zou DY, Liu YL, Su X. ON IMPROVING THE HYGROSCOPIC STABILITY OF PALMATINE CHLORIDE WITH CRYSTALLINE PALMATINE SULFOSALICYATE PHARMACEUTICAL SALT. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cheng D, Liu P, Wang Z. Palmatine attenuates the doxorubicin-induced inflammatory response, oxidative damage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108583. [PMID: 35151220 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a natural isoquinoline alkaloid, palmatine (PLT) has been proven to play a protective role against a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, little research on the effects of PLT on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity has been carried out. Thus, we investigated the potential functions of PLT in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In the present study, a single intraperitoneal injection of DOX (15 mg/kg) in mice was used to establish an acute cardiotoxicity model. Our study shows that PLT administration could reduce myocardial injury and improve cardiac dysfunction in DOX-treated mice. Further experiments showed that PLT administration suppressed the DOX-induced inflammatory response, oxidative damage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice. Moreover, we found that the protective effect of PLT treatment was counteracted by sirtuin1 (Sirt1) knockdown. In summary, our study shows that PLT treatment can exert a protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238# Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430000, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shiyan Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238# Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430000, China.
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31
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Chang Z, Zhang J, Lei M, Jiang Z, Wu X, Huang Y, He Z, Zhang Y, Li S, Duan X, Wu W. Dissecting and Evaluating the Therapeutic Targets of Coptis Chinensis Franch in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections Induced by Escherichia coli. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794869. [PMID: 35095505 PMCID: PMC8790249 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coptis chinensis Franch (CCF) is extensively used in the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases. Accumulating studies have previously demonstrated the anti-inflammatory properties of CCF, yet data on its exact targets against urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain largely unknown. Therefore, the present study decodes the potential targets of action of CCF against UTIs by network pharmacology combined with experiment evaluations. Based on the pharmacology network analysis, the current study yielded six core ingredients: quercetin, palmatine (R)-canadine, berlambine, berberine, and berberrubine. The protein–protein interaction network (PPI) was generated by the string database, and then, four targets (IL6, FOS, MYC, and EGFR) were perceived as the major CCF targets using the CytoNCA plug-in. The results of molecular docking showed that the six core constituents of CCF had strong binding affinities toward the four key targets of UTIs after docking into the crystal structure. The enrichment analysis indicated that the possible regulatory mechanisms of CCF against UTIs were based on the modules of inflammation, immune responses, and apoptosis among others. Experimentally, the Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain CFT073 was applied to establish in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo results revealed that the key targets, IL6 and FOS, are significantly upregulated in rat bladder tissues of UTIs, whereas the expression of MYC and EGFR remained steady. Last, in vitro results further confirmed the therapeutic potential of CCF by reducing the expression of IL6 and FOS. In conclusion, IL6 and FOS were generally upregulated in the progression of E. coli–induced UTIs, whereas the CCF intervention exerted a preventive role in host cells stimulated by E. coli, partially due to inhibiting the expression of IL6 and FOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Chang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhu Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Lei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangkun Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yapeng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhican He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujue Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Duan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Plazas E, Avila M MC, Muñoz DR, Cuca S LE. Natural isoquinoline alkaloids: Pharmacological features and multi-target potential for complex diseases. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Antioxidants in Alzheimer's Disease: Current Therapeutic Significance and Future Prospects. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020212. [PMID: 35205079 PMCID: PMC8869589 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) rate is accelerating with the increasing aging of the world's population. The World Health Organization (WHO) stated AD as a global health priority. According to the WHO report, around 82 million people in 2030 and 152 million in 2050 will develop dementia (AD contributes 60% to 70% of cases), considering the current scenario. AD is the most common neurodegenerative disease, intensifying impairments in cognition, behavior, and memory. Histopathological AD variations include extracellular senile plaques' formation, tangling of intracellular neurofibrils, and synaptic and neuronal loss in the brain. Multiple evidence directly indicates that oxidative stress participates in an early phase of AD before cytopathology. Moreover, oxidative stress is induced by almost all misfolded protein lumps like α-synuclein, amyloid-β, and others. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in activating and causing various cell signaling pathways that result in lesion formations of toxic substances, which foster the development of the disease. Antioxidants are widely preferred to combat oxidative stress, and those derived from natural sources, which are often incorporated into dietary habits, can play an important role in delaying the onset as well as reducing the progression of AD. However, this approach has not been extensively explored yet. Moreover, there has been growing evidence that a combination of antioxidants in conjugation with a nutrient-rich diet might be more effective in tackling AD pathogenesis. Thus, considering the above-stated fact, this comprehensive review aims to elaborate the basics of AD and antioxidants, including the vitality of antioxidants in AD. Moreover, this review may help researchers to develop effectively and potentially improved antioxidant therapeutic strategies for this disease as it also deals with the clinical trials in the stated field.
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Zhang X, Su K, Liu Y, Zhu D, Pan Y, Ke X, Qu Y. Small Molecule Palmatine Targeting Musashi-2 in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:793449. [PMID: 35153752 PMCID: PMC8830500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Musashi-2 (MSI2) is an evolutionally conserved RNA-binding protein and recently considered as an attractive therapeutic target in a wide spectrum of malignancies. However, MSI2-engaged mRNAs are not well profiled, and no MSI2-dependent antagonist is available so far. In the study, we created MSI2 knockout cancer cells and demonstrated that MSI2 is required for the survival of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells but not non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. In addition, the global profiling of the transcriptome and proteomics of MSI2 knockout colorectal cells revealed 38 candidate MSI2-targeted genes. In a loss–rescue screening, palmatine was identified as a functional MSI2 antagonist inhibiting the MSI2-dependent growth of colorectal cancer cells. Finally, we confirmed that palmatine is directly bound to MSI2 at its C-terminal. Our findings not only indicated MSI2 as a promising therapeutic target of colorectal cancer but also provided a small molecule palmatine as a direct and functional MSI2 antagonist for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyan Su
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Darong Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Pan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xisong Ke
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xisong Ke, ; Yi Qu,
| | - Yi Qu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xisong Ke, ; Yi Qu,
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Separation and Enrichment of Alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma and Euodiae Fructus by Macroporous Resin and Evaluation of the Effect on Bile Reflux Gastritis Rats. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030724. [PMID: 35163988 PMCID: PMC8839576 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Zuojin Pill consists of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and Euodiae Fructus (EF). It has been a classic prescription for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in China since ancient times. Alkaloids are considered to be its main pharmacologically active substances. The authors of the present study investigated the feasibility of preparing high purity total alkaloids (TAs) from CR and EF extracts separately and evaluated the effect for the treatment of bile reflux gastritis (BRG). Coptis chinensis Franch. and Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. were used in the study. An optimized method for the enrichment and purification of TAs with macroporous resin was established. Furthermore, qualitative analysis by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–ESI–QTOF-MS) was explored to identify the components of purified TAs. Thirty-one compounds, thirty alkaloids and one phenolic compound, were identified or tentatively assigned by comparison with reference standards or literature data. A method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (UHPLC–DAD) for quantitative analysis was also developed. The contents of nine alkaloids were determined. Moreover, a rat model of BRG was used to investigate the therapeutic effect of the combination of purified TAs from CR and EF. Gastric pathologic examination suggested that the alkaloids’ combination could markedly attenuate the pathological changes of gastric mucosa.
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Xie L, Feng S, Zhang X, Zhao W, Feng J, Ma C, Wang R, Song W, Cheng J. Biological Response Profiling Reveals the Functional Differences of Main Alkaloids in Rhizoma Coptidis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237389. [PMID: 34885971 PMCID: PMC8658997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. Although modern research has found that some alkaloids from RC are the pharmacologically active constituents, the differences in their biological effects are not completely clear. This study analyzed the differences in the typical alkaloids in RC at a systematic level and provided comprehensive information on the pharmaceutical mechanisms of the different alkaloids. The ethanol RC extract (RCE) was characterized using HPLC assay. HepG2, 3T3-L1, and RAW264.7 cells were used to detect the cytotoxicity of alkaloids. Transcriptome analyses were performed to elucidate the cellular pathways affected by RCE and alkaloids. HPLC analysis revealed that the typical alkaloids of RCE were berberine, coptisine, and palmatine. Coptisine and berberine displayed a stronger inhibitory effect on cell proliferation than palmatine. The overlapping ratios of differentially expressed genes between RCE and berberine, coptisine, and palmatine were 70.8%, 52.6%, and 42.1%, respectively. Pathway clustering analysis indicated that berberine and coptisine possessed a certain similarity to RCE, and both compounds affected the cell cycle pathway; moreover, some pathways were uniquely enriched by berberine or coptisine. Berberine and coptisine had different regulatory effects on genes involved in lipid metabolism. These results provide comprehensive information on the pharmaceutical mechanisms of the different RC alkaloids and insights into their better combinatory use for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xie
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.X.); (J.F.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Shanshan Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Wenlong Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Juan Feng
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.X.); (J.F.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Chengmei Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Ruijun Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang 032200, China; (R.W.); (W.S.)
| | - Weifang Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang 032200, China; (R.W.); (W.S.)
| | - Jing Cheng
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.X.); (J.F.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China; (S.F.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Improving hygroscopic stability of palmatine chloride by forming a pharmaceutical salt cocrystal of palmatine chloride-gallic acid with neutral molecule. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38
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Ruiz N, Jarosova P, Taborsky P, Gargallo R. Study of the interaction of the palmatine alkaloid with hybrid G-quadruplex/duplex and i-motif/duplex DNA structures. Biophys Chem 2021; 281:106715. [PMID: 34784553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in the study of guanine or cytosine-rich sequences that may fold into G-quadruplex (G4) or i-motif (iM) structures showing a short hairpin (or stem-loop) stabilized by Watson-Crick base pairs. These hybrid spatial arrangements may be target of ligands that have been shown to interact strongly with B-DNA. In this work, the interaction of the palmatine alkaloid with several sequences forming different G4s, iMs, and hybrid structures has been studied by means of spectroscopic and separation techniques, as well as multivariate data analysis methods. At the experimental conditions used in this work, the results have shown that this ligand strongly stabilizes parallel G4 structures, whereas a weaker interaction was observed with the antiparallel G4 adopted by the thrombin-binding aptamer or iMs. The presence of hairpins within the loops scarcely affects the affinity of this ligand for the hybrid G4/duplex or iM/duplex structures. Fluorescence measurements have provided evidence of a certain interaction with iMs at pH 5.1, despite the absence of thermal stabilization effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ruiz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí I Franqués 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petra Jarosova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Taborsky
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Raimundo Gargallo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí I Franqués 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Grabarska A, Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Kukula-Koch W, Łuszczki JJ, Kalpoutzakis E, Adamczuk G, Skaltsounis AL, Stepulak A. Palmatine, a Bioactive Protoberberine Alkaloid Isolated from Berberis cretica, Inhibits the Growth of Human Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cells and Acts Synergistically and Additively with Doxorubicin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206253. [PMID: 34684834 PMCID: PMC8538708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmatine (PLT) is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid that belongs to the class of protoberberines and exhibits a wide spectrum of pharmacological and biological properties, including anti-cancer activity. The aim of our study was to isolate PLT from the roots of Berberis cretica and investigate its cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects in vitro alone and in combination with doxorubicine (DOX) using human ER+/HER2− breast cancer cell lines. The alkaloid was purified by column chromatography filled with silica gel NP and Sephadex LH-20 resin developed in the mixture of methanol: water (50:50 v/v) that provided high-purity alkaloid for bioactivity studies. The purity of the alkaloid was confirmed by high resolution mass measurement and MS/MS fragmentation analysis in the HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS-based analysis. It was found that PLT treatment inhibited the viability and proliferation of breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner as demonstrated by MTT and BrdU assays. PLT showed a quite similar growth inhibition on breast cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 5.126 to 5.805 µg/mL. In contrast, growth of normal human breast epithelial cells was not affected by PLT. The growth inhibitory activity of PLT was related to the induction of apoptosis, as determined by Annexin V/PI staining. Moreover, PLT sensitized breast cancer cells to DOX. Isobolographic analysis revealed synergistic and additive interactions between studied agents. Our studies suggest that PLT can be a potential candidate agent for preventing and treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Grabarska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81448-6350
| | - Paula Wróblewska-Łuczka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (P.W.-Ł.); (J.J.Ł.)
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jarogniew J. Łuszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (P.W.-Ł.); (J.J.Ł.)
| | - Eleftherios Kalpoutzakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Adamczuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Alexios Leandros Skaltsounis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Neuroprotective Effects of Palmatine via the Enhancement of Antioxidant Defense and Small Heat Shock Protein Expression in A β-Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9966223. [PMID: 34567416 PMCID: PMC8460366 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9966223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Palmatine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid that has been reported to display neuroprotective effects against amyloid-β- (Aβ-) induced neurotoxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective activities of palmatine remain poorly characterized in vivo. We employed transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans models containing human Aβ1-42 to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of palmatine-mediated neuroprotection. Treatment with palmatine significantly delayed the paralytic process and reduced the elevated reactive oxygen species levels in Aβ-transgenic C. elegans. In addition, it increased oxidative stress resistance without affecting the lifespan of wild-type C. elegans. Pathway analysis suggested that the differentially expressed genes were related mainly to aging, detoxification, and lipid metabolism. Real-time PCR indicated that resistance-related genes such as sod-3 and shsp were significantly upregulated, while the lipid metabolism-related gene fat-5 was downregulated. Further studies demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of palmatine on Aβ toxicity were attributable to the free radical-scavenging capacity and that the upregulated expression of resistance-related genes, especially shsp, whose expression was regulated by HSF-1, played crucial roles in protecting cells from Aβ-induced toxicity. The research showed that there were significantly fewer Aβ deposits in transgenic CL2006 nematodes treated with palmatine than in control nematodes. In addition, our study found that Aβ-induced toxicity was accompanied by dysregulation of lipid metabolism, leading to excessive fat accumulation in Aβ-transgenic CL4176 nematodes. The alleviation of lipid disorder by palmatine should be attributed not only to the reduction in fat synthesis but also to the inhibition of Aβ aggregation and toxicity, which jointly maintained metabolic homeostasis. This study provides new insights into the in vivo neuroprotective effects of palmatine against Aβ aggregation and toxicity and provides valuable targets for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Ion transfer electrochemistry of the alkaloids berberine and palmatine: Sensing and physicochemical characterization. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Diversity in Chemical Structures and Biological Properties of Plant Alkaloids. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113374. [PMID: 34204857 PMCID: PMC8199754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals belonging to the group of alkaloids are signature specialized metabolites endowed with countless biological activities. Plants are armored with these naturally produced nitrogenous compounds to combat numerous challenging environmental stress conditions. Traditional and modern healthcare systems have harnessed the potential of these organic compounds for the treatment of many ailments. Various chemical entities (functional groups) attached to the central moiety are responsible for their diverse range of biological properties. The development of the characterization of these plant metabolites and the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis is of an utmost priority to deliver enhanced advantages in terms of biological properties and productivity. Further, the incorporation of whole/partial metabolic pathways in the heterologous system and/or the overexpression of biosynthetic steps in homologous systems have both become alternative and lucrative methods over chemical synthesis in recent times. Moreover, in-depth research on alkaloid biosynthetic pathways has revealed numerous chemical modifications that occur during alkaloidal conversions. These chemical reactions involve glycosylation, acylation, reduction, oxidation, and methylation steps, and they are usually responsible for conferring the biological activities possessed by alkaloids. In this review, we aim to discuss the alkaloidal group of plant specialized metabolites and their brief classification covering major categories. We also emphasize the diversity in the basic structures of plant alkaloids arising through enzymatically catalyzed structural modifications in certain plant species, as well as their emerging diverse biological activities. The role of alkaloids in plant defense and their mechanisms of action are also briefly discussed. Moreover, the commercial utilization of plant alkaloids in the marketplace displaying various applications has been enumerated.
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Balkrishna A, Khandrika L, Varshney A. Giloy Ghanvati ( Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook. f. and Thomson) Reversed SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike-Protein Induced Disease Phenotype in the Xenotransplant Model of Humanized Zebrafish. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:635510. [PMID: 33953674 PMCID: PMC8091047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.635510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome disease caused by Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a serious strain on the healthcare infrastructure mainly due to the lack of a reliable treatment option. Alternate therapies aimed at symptomatic relief are currently prescribed along with artificial ventilation to relieve distress. Traditional medicine in the form of Ayurveda has been used since ancient times as a holistic treatment option rather than targeted therapy. The practice of Ayurveda has several potent herbal alternatives for chronic cough, inflammation, and respiratory distress which are often seen in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study we have used the aqueous extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (willd.) Hook. f. and Thomson in the form of Giloy Ghanvati, as a means of treatment to the SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein induced disease phenotype in a humanized zebrafish model. The introduction of spike-protein in the swim bladder transplanted with human lung epithelial cells (A549), caused an infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells such as granulocytes and macrophages into the swim bladder. There was also an increased systemic damage as exemplified by renal tissue damage and increased behavioral fever in the disease induction group. These features were reversed in the treatment group, fed with three different dosages of Giloy Ghanvati. The resultant changes in the disease phenotype were comparable to the group that were given the reference compound, Dexamethasone. These findings correlated well with various phyto-compounds detected in the Giloy Ghanvati and their reported roles in the viral disease phenotype amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, India
| | | | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, India
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chang L, Ji Y, Liu L, Feng Y, Wu L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zou D, Liu Y, Su X. Crystalline palmatine saccharinate pharmaceutical salt without reducing solubility and improving its hygroscopic stability with regard to palmatine chloride. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Palmatine Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6660193. [PMID: 33777318 PMCID: PMC7981182 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6660193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Palmatine (PAL), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid, possesses extensive biological and pharmaceutical activities, including antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, and gastroprotective activities. However, it is unknown whether PAL has a protective effect against ischemic stroke and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In the present study, a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model was used to mimic ischemic stroke and cerebral I/R injury in mice. Our study demonstrated that PAL treatment ameliorated cerebral I/R injury by decreasing infarct volume, neurological scores, and brain water content. PAL administration attenuated oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, and neuronal apoptosis in mice after cerebral I/R injury. In addition, PAL treatment also decreases hypoxia and reperfusion- (H/R-) induced neuronal injury by reducing oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, and neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, the neuroprotective effects of PAL were associated with the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, and Nrf2 knockdown offsets PAL-mediated antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, our results suggest that PAL may be a novel treatment strategy for ischemic stroke and cerebral I/R injury.
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Auxtero MD, Chalante S, Abade MR, Jorge R, Fernandes AI. Potential Herb-Drug Interactions in the Management of Age-Related Cognitive Dysfunction. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:124. [PMID: 33478035 PMCID: PMC7835864 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life mild cognitive impairment and dementia represent a significant burden on healthcare systems and a unique challenge to medicine due to the currently limited treatment options. Plant phytochemicals have been considered in alternative, or complementary, prevention and treatment strategies. Herbals are consumed as such, or as food supplements, whose consumption has recently increased. However, these products are not exempt from adverse effects and pharmacological interactions, presenting a special risk in aged, polymedicated individuals. Understanding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions is warranted to avoid undesirable adverse drug reactions, which may result in unwanted side-effects or therapeutic failure. The present study reviews the potential interactions between selected bioactive compounds (170) used by seniors for cognitive enhancement and representative drugs of 10 pharmacotherapeutic classes commonly prescribed to the middle-aged adults, often multimorbid and polymedicated, to anticipate and prevent risks arising from their co-administration. A literature review was conducted to identify mutual targets affected (inhibition/induction/substrate), the frequency of which was taken as a measure of potential interaction. Although a limited number of drugs were studied, from this work, interaction with other drugs affecting the same targets may be anticipated and prevented, constituting a valuable tool for healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Auxtero
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Susana Chalante
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Mário R. Abade
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rui Jorge
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, Quinta do Galinheiro, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, IPSantarém/IPLeiria, Avenida Dr. Mário Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
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Ekeuku SO, Pang KL, Chin KY. Palmatine as an Agent Against Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Complications: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:4963-4974. [PMID: 33235437 PMCID: PMC7680161 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s280520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmatine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid with various pharmacological properties. Given its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, palmatine may be able to impede the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related diseases triggered by inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarises the existing literature about the effects of palmatine supplementation on MetS and its complications. The evidence shows that palmatine could protect against MetS, and cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, which might be associated with MetS. These protective effects are mediated by the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of palmatine. Although preclinical experiments have demonstrated the efficacy of palmatine against MetS and its related diseases, no human clinical trials have been performed to validate these effects. This research gap should be bridged to validate the efficacy and safety of palmatine supplementation in protecting humans against MetS and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Lun Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of the Coptidis Rhizoma and Euodiae Fructus Herbal Pair by Using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and UHPLC-DAD. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204782. [PMID: 33081031 PMCID: PMC7587604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The herbal pair of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and Euodiae Fructus (EF) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula used for treating gastro-intestinal disorders. In this study, we established a systematic method for chemical profiling and quantification analysis of the major constituents in the CR-EF herbal pair. A method of ultra high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) for qualitative analysis was developed. Sixty-five compounds, including alkaloids, phenolics, and limonoids, were identified or tentatively assigned by comparison with reference standards or literature data. The UHPLC fingerprints of 19 batches of the CR-EF herbal pair samples were obtained and the reference fingerprint chromatograms were established. Furthermore, nine compounds among 24 common peaks of fingerprints were considered as marker components, which either had high contents or significant bioactivities, were applied to quality control of the CR-EF herbal pair by quantitative analysis. This UHPLC-DAD analysis method was validated by precision, linearity, repeatability, stability, recovery, and so on. The method was simple and sensitive, and thus reliable for quantitative and chemical fingerprint analysis for the quality evaluation and control of the CR-EF herbal pair and related traditional Chinese medicines.
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Chen X, Zhang J, Wang R, Liu H, Bao C, Wu S, Wen J, Yang T, Wei Y, Ren S, Tong Y, Zhao Y. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Serum and Urine Metabonomics Study on the Ameliorative Effects of Palmatine on Helicobacter pylori-Induced Chronic Atrophic Gastritis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:586954. [PMID: 33041831 PMCID: PMC7522567 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The main objective of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of Palmatine (Pal) on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) Method Body function, serum biochemical indicators and histopathology were used to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of Pal on CAG rats. The target genes expression levels were verified and assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis based on urine and serum was performed to identify the potential metabolites in the pathological process of CAG induced by H. pylori. Metabolic pathway analysis was performed to elucidate the metabolic network associated with Pal treatment of CAG. Results Pal (10, 20, 40 mg/kg/day) significantly restored the body function of CAG rats, reduced the serum biochemical indicators, and maintained the integrity of the gastric mucosal epithelial barrier while alleviated gastric histological damage. Metabolomics analysis shows that the therapeutic effect of Pal on CAG involves 10 metabolites and 10 metabolic pathways, of which the Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism and Pentose and glucuronate interconversions are closely related to the gastrointestinal protection of Pal, and these metabolic pathways crosstalk with each other due to the internet hub of citric acid cycle. Conclusions Metabolomics was used for the first time to identify potential biomarkers of CAG and to illuminate the therapeutic mechanism of Pal on CAG induced by H. pylori. The results provided a new insight for further research on CAG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Liu
- Integrative Medical Center, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Bao
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shihua Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sichen Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuling Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou GJ, Hou Y, Kong Q, Lu JJ, Zhang Q, Chen X. Natural alkaloid 8-oxo-epiberberine inhibited TGF-β1-triggred epithelial-mesenchymal transition by interfering Smad3. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 404:115179. [PMID: 32745479 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the transition of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells, plays important roles in the metastasis of solid tumors. 8-Oxo-epiberberine (OPB) is a natural alkaloid extracted from the roots of Coptis chinensis Franch. In this study, The effect and the underlying mechanism of OPB on EMT in a TGF-β1-induced model and the inhibitory effect of OPB on lung metastasis were investigated. TGF-β1-stimulated lung cancer cells were co-treated with OPB, the morphological changes were examined. The protein expression of EMT biomarkers E-cadherin and N-cadherin was determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The transcription activity of smad2/3 promoter was analyzed by a luciferase reporter assay. The effect of OPB on cell migration, invasion, and adhesion was detected by wound-healing, adhesion, and transwell assays. The in vivo anti-metastatic effect of OPB was evaluated using a 4 T1 cell xenograft mouse model. Results showed that OPB significantly reversed TGF-β1-triggered morphological changes, expression of EMT biomarkers, and migration, adhesion, and invasion. Furthermore, OPB suppressed TGF-β1-induced Smad2/3 activation, Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and interaction of Smad3 with Smad4. Besides, OPB dramatically decreased the metastatic nodules in the lung without affecting the growth of primary tumors. In conclusion, OPB inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT possibly by interfering with Smad3. OPB might have therapeutic potentials for the treatment of metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Guang-Ju Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Qi Kong
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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