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Zhu X, Yu G, Lv Y, Yang N, Zhao Y, Li F, Zhao J, Chen Z, Lai Y, Chen L, Wang X, Xiao J, Cai Y, Feng Y, Ding J, Gao W, Zhou K, Xu H. Neuregulin-1, a member of the epidermal growth factor family, mitigates STING-mediated pyroptosis and necroptosis in ischaemic flaps. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkae035. [PMID: 38855574 PMCID: PMC11162832 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Ensuring the survival of the distal end of a random flap during hypoperfusion (ischaemia) is difficult in clinical practice. Effective prevention of programmed cell death is a potential strategy for inhibiting ischaemic flap necrosis. The activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway promotes inflammation and leads to cell death. The epidermal growth factor family member neuregulin-1 (NRG1) reduces cell death by activating the protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathway. Moreover, AKT signalling negatively regulates STING activity. We aimed to verify the efficacy of NRG1 injection in protecting against flap necrosis. Additionally, we investigated whether NRG1 effectively enhances ischemic flap survival by inhibiting pyroptosis and necroptosis through STING suppression. Methods A random-pattern skin flap model was generated on the backs of C57BL/6 mice. The skin flap survival area was determined. The blood supply and vascular network of the flap was assessed by laser Doppler blood flow analysis. Cluster of differentiation 34 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the flap sections revealed microvessels. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed the mechanism by which NRG1 promotes the survival of ischaemic flaps. The levels of angiogenesis, oxidative stress, necroptosis, pyroptosis and indicators associated with signalling pathways in flaps were examined by IHC, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Packaging adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to activate STING in flaps. Results NRG1 promoted the survival of ischaemic flaps. An increased subcutaneous vascular network and neovascularization were found in ischaemic flaps after the application of NRG1. Transcriptomic gene ontology enrichment analysis and protein level detection indicated that necroptosis, pyroptosis and STING activity were reduced in the NRG1 group. The phosphorylation of AKT and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) were increased after NRG1 treatment. The increased expression of STING in flaps induced by AAV reversed the therapeutic effect of NRG1. The ability of NRG1 to phosphorylate AKT-FOXO3a, inhibit STING and promote flap survival was abolished after the application of the AKT inhibitor MK2206. Conclusions NRG1 inhibits pyroptosis and necroptosis by activating the AKT-FOXO3a signalling pathway to suppress STING activation and promote ischaemic flap survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Gaoxiang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ya Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yinuo Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Feida Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhuliu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yingying Lai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yuepiao Cai
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | | | - Jian Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Weiyang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Ye H, Li F, Shen Y, Wu X, Zhao L, Zhang H, Yang J, Shui X. Rosuvastatin promotes survival of random skin flaps through AMPK-mTOR pathway-induced autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110059. [PMID: 37001384 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Plastic surgery frequently employs random skin flaps. However, its clinical applicability is constrained by flap necrosis brought on by ischemia-reperfusion damage. Flap survival is aided by rosuvastatin, a naturally occurring flavonoid primarily obtained from plants. In this research, we looked into the processes mediating the effects of rosuvastatin on flap survival. All experimental mice were randomly assigned to three groups: control, rosuvastatin, and 3-methyladenine (3MA) plus rosuvastatin. These groups were, respectively, treated with dimethyl sulfoxide solution, rosuvastatin, and rosuvastatin combined with 3MA. After that, the animals were euthanized so that histology and protein analyses could determine the extent of angiogenesis, pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy. In addition to lessening tissue edema, rosuvastatin promoted the survival of the skin flap. Rosuvastatin also promoted angiogenesis, reduced oxidative stress, induced autophagy, and reduced pyroptosis. According to the study's findings, rosuvastatin increases angiogenesis, prevents pyroptosis, and reduces oxidative stress by inducing autophagy, which improves the survival rate of random skin flaps.
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Chen J, Jiang Z, Liu X, Wang K, Fan W, Chen T, Li Z, Lin D. Berberine promotes the viability of random skin flaps via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2023; 37:424-437. [PMID: 36116786 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Random skin flaps are often used in reconstruction operations. However, flap necrosis is still a common postoperative complication. Here, we investigated whether berberine (C20 H19 NO5 , BBR), a drug with antioxidant activity, improves the survival rate of random flaps. Fifty-four rats were divided into three groups: control, BBR and BBR + L -NAME groups (L -NAME, L -NG -Nitro-arginine methyl ester). The survival condition and the percentage of survival area of the flaps were evaluated on the seventh day after surgery. After animals were sacrificed, angiogenesis, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation levels were assessed by histological and protein analyses. Our findings suggest that berberine promotes flap survival. The level of angiogenesis increased; the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis decreased; the levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phospho-Akt (p-Akt) and phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) increased in the flap tissue; and L -NAME reversed the effects of berberine on random skin flaps. Statistical analysis showed that the BBR group results differed significantly from those of the control and the BBR + L -NAME groups (p < .05). Our results confirm that berberine is an effective drug for significantly improving the survival rate of random skin flaps by promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, and reducing apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhikai Jiang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuao Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaitao Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijian Fan
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingxiang Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingsheng Lin
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Liu E, Gao H, Zhao Y, Pang Y, Yao Y, Yang Z, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yang S, Ma X, Zeng J, Guo J. The potential application of natural products in cutaneous wound healing: A review of preclinical evidence. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:900439. [PMID: 35935866 PMCID: PMC9354992 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal circumstances, wound healing can be summarized as three processes. These include inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The vast majority of wounds heal rapidly; however, a large percentage of nonhealing wounds have still not been studied significantly. The factors affecting wound nonhealing are complex and diverse, and identifying an effective solution from nature becomes a key goal of research. This study aimed to highlight and review the mechanisms and targets of natural products (NPs) for treating nonhealing wounds. The results of relevant studies have shown that the effects of NPs are associated with PI3K-AKT, P38MAPK, fibroblast growth factor, MAPK, and ERK signaling pathways and involve tumor growth factor (TNF), vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α, interleukin-1β, and expression of other cytokines and proteins. The 25 NPs that contribute to wound healing were systematically summarized by an inductive collation of the six major classes of compounds, including saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, anthraquinones, polysaccharides, and others, which will further direct the attention to the active components of NPs and provide research ideas for further development of new products for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liu
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjin Gao
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - YiJia Zhao
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaobing Pang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yejing Yao
- Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Neijiang, China
| | - Zhengru Yang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueer Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - YanJin Wang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
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