1
|
Rezende GCD, Noronha RCR, Ortiz HC, do Nascimento LAS, das Neves SC, Ventura Said YL, Cardoso AL, de Mescouto VA, Vilela MLB, do Nascimento VA, Coelho HRS, Leite Kassuya CA, Pedroso TF, Salvador MJ, Oliveira RJ. Absence of maternal-fetal adverse effects of Alternanthera littoralis P. Beauv. following treatment during pregnancy in mice. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:543-556. [PMID: 37340982 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2223624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Alternanthera littoralis P. Beauv is a plant native to Brazil that exhibits various beneficial activities including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti-hyperalgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the ethanol extract of Alternanthera littoralis (EEAl) on reproductive outcomes, embryofetal development, and DNA integrity of pregnant female mice. Pregnant Swiss female mice were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 10): controls were administered either 1% Tween 80 (vehicle), EEAl 100 mg/kg or EEAl 1000 mg/kg. Treatment was administered through gavage during the gestational period until day 18. On gestational days 16, 17, and 18, a peripheral blood sample from the tail vein was obtained for DNA integrity analysis (micronucleus test). After the last collection, animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation. Maternal organs and fetuses were collected, weighed, and subsequently analyzed. Reproductive outcome parameters were assessed by measurement of number of implants, live fetuses, and resorptions. Embryonic development was determined by adequacy of weight for gestational age as well as determination of external, visceral, and skeletal malformations. Data demonstrated that EEAl did not produce maternal toxicity at either dose associated with no marked alterations in any of the reproductive outcome parameters including implantation sites, live/dead fetuses ratio, fetal viability, post-implantation losses, resorptions, and resorption rate. However, EEAl 1000 group reduced embryofetal development by lowering placental weight. In addition, there was an increase in the frequency of external and skeletal malformations in the EEAl 1000 group, which could not be attributed to extract exposure as these values were within control levels. Based upon our findings, evidence indicates that the EEAl at the concentrations employed in our study may be considered safe for use during pregnancy and extracts of this plant show potential for development of phytomedicines to be used in pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Corbucci Danti Rezende
- Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica (CeTroGen), Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Renata Coelho Rodrigues Noronha
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal Do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brasil
| | - Hudman Cunha Ortiz
- Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica (CeTroGen), Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Silvia Cordeiro das Neves
- Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica (CeTroGen), Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Yasmin Lany Ventura Said
- Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica (CeTroGen), Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Adauto Lima Cardoso
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal Do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brasil
- Laboratório Genômica Integrativa, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu (IBB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Marcelo Luiz Brandão Vilela
- Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Henrique Rodrigues Scherer Coelho
- Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica (CeTroGen), Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Taise Fonseca Pedroso
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica (CeTroGen), Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Umeoguaju FU, Akaninwor JO, Essien EB, Amadi BA, Chukeze EJ, Nwafor IR. Macroporous adsorptive resin-assisted enrichment of polyphenol from Psidium guajava leaves improved its in vitro antioxidant and anti-hemolytic properties. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36449397 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2150932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical analyses of guava leaf extracts, commonly applied in traditional medicine, revealed the presence of several bioactive polyphenols. In this study, we optimized the enrichment of total polyphenol from Guava leaf ethanolic extract (GEE) using six macroporous adsorptive resins (MAR) including AB8, D101, X5, ADS17, S400, and AD7. Also investigated are the contributions of adsorption time, extract concentration, pH, elution time, and eluent ethanol concentrations on the polyphenol enrichment potential of MAR. The antioxidant and anti-hemolytic properties of the crude and polyphenol-rich extracts were determined. Our results indicate that treatment of GEE extract with AB8 MAR at a concentration of 15 mg GEE/g resin, adsorption time of 45 min, elution time of 40 min, and eluent ethanol concentration of 50% (v/v) improved the flavonoids and phenol concentration of GEE by 2 and 2.5 folds respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging, ferric reducing ability of the plasma (FRAP), anti-hemolytic and anti-peroxidation activity of the resultant polyphenol-rich extracts improved by 1.5, 1.6, 1.4, and 1.88 folds respectively, when compared to the crude extract. Our work shows that the MAR-assisted enrichment operation is a rapid, feasible, and economical strategy for enriching bioactive polyphenols from guava leaf extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Uchenna Umeoguaju
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Joyce Oronne Akaninwor
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Eka Bassey Essien
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin Achor Amadi
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marmitt DJ. Potential plants for inflammatory dysfunction in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:749-773. [PMID: 35389124 PMCID: PMC8987270 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory process is a biological response of the organism to remove injurious stimuli and initiate homeostasis. It has been recognized as a key player in the most severe forms of SARS-CoV-2, characterized by significantly increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, the so-called "cytokine storm" that appears to play a pivotal role in this disease. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to select clinical trials with anti-inflammatory plants and relate the activity of these plants to inflammatory markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection. PRISMA guidelines are followed, and studies of interest are indexed in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. As a result, 32 clinical trials encompassing 22 plants were selected. The main anti-inflammatory mechanisms described in the studies are the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-a, IFN-γ, and IL-1; decreased CRP and oxidative marker levels; increased endogenous antioxidant levels; modulation of cardiovascular risk markers. The data found are not directly related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, they provide possibilities for new studies as plants have a wide array of phytochemicals, and detecting which ones are responsible for anti-inflammatory effects can provide invaluable contribution to studies aiming to evaluate efficacy in scenarios of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diorge Jônatas Marmitt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Avelino Talini Street, 171, Lajeado, RS, 95914-014, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|