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Shan L, Zhao N, Wang F, Zhai D, Liu J, Lv X. Caffeine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Cellular Assays, Animal Experiments, and Epidemiological Investigation. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1589-1605. [PMID: 38495344 PMCID: PMC10941793 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s424384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of caffeine in treating various liver diseases has made substantial progress in the past decade owing to advances in science, technology, and medicine. However, whether caffeine has a preventive effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its mechanism are still worth further investigation. In this review, we summarize and analyze the efficacy and safety of caffeine in the prevention of HCC. We conducted a review of articles published in PubMed and Web of Science in the past 2 decades until December 6, 2023, which were searched for using the terms "Caffeine" and "Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Studies have found that coffee intake is negatively correlated with HCC risk, especially caffeinated coffee. Recent studies have found that caffeine has beneficial effects on liver health, decreasing levels of enzymes responsible for liver damaging and slowing the progression of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Caffeine also acts against liver fibrosis through adenosine receptors (ARs), which promote tissue remodeling by inducing fibrin and collagen production. Additionally, new studies have found that moderate consumption of caffeinated beverages can decrease various the levels of various collagens in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Furthermore, polyphenolic compounds in coffee can improve fat homeostasis, reduce oxidative stress, and prevent liver steatosis and fibrosis. Moreover, many in vitro studies have shown that caffeine can protect liver cells and inhibit the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells. Taken together, we describe the benefits of caffeine for liver health and highlight its potential values as a drug to prevent various hepatic diseases. As a protective agent of liver inflammation, non-selective AR inhibitor caffeine can inhibit the growth of HCC cells by inhibiting adenosine and AR binding to initiate immune response, providing a basis for the future development of caffeine as an adjuvant drug against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People’s Republic of China
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Hosny EN, Sawie HG, Abou-Seif HS, Khadrawy YA. Effect of caffeine-chitosan nanoparticles and α-lipoic acid on the cardiovascular changes induced in rat model of obesity. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111627. [PMID: 38309094 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The current research aims to study the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Caf-CNs) against cardiovascular complications induced by obesity. Rats were divided randomly into: control, high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity rat model, obese rats treated with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs. Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as well as activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) significantly increased in the serum of obese rats. In addition, plasma atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient and Castelli's risk indices I and II showed a significant increase. Additionally, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) and activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) were significantly elevated in heart tissues of obese rats. However, cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH), serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) as well as serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly reduced in obese rats. Treatment with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs ameliorated almost all the biochemical and histopathological alterations caused by obesity. In conclusion, the present data revealed that α-LA and/or Caf-CNs may be an effective therapeutic approach against cardiac complications caused by obesity through their antilipemic, anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman N Hosny
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hussein G Sawie
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Howida S Abou-Seif
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Khadrawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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