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Zhao W, Li B, Hao J, Sun R, He P, Lv H, He M, Shen J, Han Y. Therapeutic potential of natural products and underlying targets for the treatment of aortic aneurysm. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 259:108652. [PMID: 38657777 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a vascular disease characterized by irreversible vasodilatation that can lead to dissection and rupture of the aortic aneurysm, a life-threatening condition. Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are two main types. The typical treatments for aortic aneurysms are open surgery and endovascular aortic repair, which are only indicated for more severe patients. Most patients with aneurysms have an insidious onset and slow progression, and there are no effective drugs to treat this stage. The inability of current animal models to perfectly simulate all the pathophysiological states of human aneurysms may be the key to this issue. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of this disease, finding new therapeutic targets, and developing effective drugs to inhibit the development of aneurysms are the main issues of current research. Natural products have been applied for thousands of years to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China and other Asian countries. In recent years, natural products have combined multi-omics, computational biology, and integrated pharmacology to accurately analyze drug components and targets. Therefore, the multi-component and multi-target complexity of natural products have made them a potentially ideal treatment for multifactorial diseases such as aortic aneurysms. Natural products have regained popularity worldwide. This review provides an overview of the known natural products for the treatment of TAA and AAA and searches for potential cardiovascular-targeted natural products that may treat TAA and AAA based on various cellular molecular mechanisms associated with aneurysm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bufan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinjun Hao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruochen Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongyu Lv
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mou He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Lee J, Hong S, Ahn M, Kim J, Moon C, Matsuda H, Tanaka A, Nomura Y, Jung K, Shin T. Eugenol alleviates the symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice by suppressing inflammatory responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111479. [PMID: 38215654 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Eugenol is a principal compound in essential clove oil, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. While recent studies have demonstrated its neuroprotective effects on central nervous system (CNS) injuries, such as brain ischemia/reperfusion injuries, but its potential impact on multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease of the CNS, has not yet been explored. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of eugenol on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established animal model of MS. EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice using the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 peptide. Clinical symptoms, including paralysis, were monitored daily, and levels of pro-inflammatory mediators were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analyses, and immunohistochemistry. Daily oral administration of eugenol to MOG-induced EAE mice led to a notable decline in the severity of clinical symptoms. Eugenol inhibited EAE-related immune cell infiltration and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Histological examinations confirmed its ability to mitigate inflammation and demyelination in the spinal cord post-EAE induction. Eugenol alleviates neuroinflammation in the spinal cords of EAE-induced mice, primarily through anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Lee
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmoo Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Akane Tanaka
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nomura
- Scleroprotein and Leather Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taekyun Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Hong S, Jung K, Ahn M, Kim J, Moon C, Shin T. Eugenol ameliorates uveitis in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through the suppression of key inflammatory genes. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:37-44. [PMID: 38249123 PMCID: PMC10798281 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2304557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual impairment associated with uveitis is among the potential complications in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Bioinformatics analyses have shown that some hub genes are closely associated with the molecular mechanisms underlying uveitis in EAE. This study evaluated whether 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (eugenol) can mitigate the pathogenesis of uveitis in EAE through the interruption of key uveitogenic gene expression. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35-55 (MOG) peptide-immunized C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with eugenol. The eyeballs and spinal cords of EAE mice with or without eugenol treatment were collected simultaneously and immunohistochemical and molecular biological analyses were conducted. Eugenol treatment significantly ameliorated hindlimb paralysis. Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) immunohistochemistry showed that the inflammatory response was significantly reduced in the uvea of eugenol-treated EAE mice compared with vehicle-treated controls. Eugenol also significantly reduced the expression of key uveitogenic genes including C1qb and Tyrobp. The suppressive effect of eugenol on inflammation was also observed in the spinal cord, as determined by the suppression of Iba-1-positive microglial cells. Together, these results suggest that the ameliorative effect of eugenol against EAE uveitis is associated with the suppression of key proinflammatory genes, which may represent targets for the treatment of uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmoo Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyun Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Zhao Y, Shen QR, Chen YX, Shi Y, Wu WB, Li Q, Li DJ, Shen FM, Fu H. Colchicine protects against the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1533-1545. [PMID: 37748024 PMCID: PMC10550771 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by at least 1.5-fold enlargement of the infrarenal aorta, a ruptured AAA is life-threatening. Colchicine is a medicine used to treat gout and familial Mediterranean fever, and recently, it was approved to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in adult patients with established atherosclerotic disease. With an AAA mice model created by treatment with porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), this work was designed to explore whether colchicine could protect against the development of AAA. Here, we showed that colchicine could limit AAA formation, as evidenced by the decreased total aortic weight per body weight, AAA incidence, maximal abdominal aortic diameter and collagen deposition. We also found that colchicine could prevent the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells from a contractile to synthetic state during AAA. In addition, it was demonstrated that colchicine was able to reduce vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, cell pyroptosis and immune cells infiltration to the aortic wall in the AAA mice model. Finally, it was proved that the protective action of colchicine against AAA formation was mainly mediated by preventing immune cells infiltration to the aortic wall. In summary, our findings demonstrated that colchicine could protect against the development of experimental AAA, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for AAA intervention in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Rui Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bing Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University/ Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Ming Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Ouyang T, Fang C, Tang CE, Lei K, Jiang L, Luo F. Identification of biomarkers and analysis of infiltrated immune cells in stable and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:941185. [PMID: 36158807 PMCID: PMC9492965 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.941185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The mortality rate of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is extremely high in the older population. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of AAA and aortic rupture and analyze infiltration of immune cells in stable and ruptured AAA samples. Methods Raw data of GSE47472, GSE57691, and GSE98278 were downloaded. After data processing, the co-expression gene networks were constructed. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis of AAA- and aortic rupture-related gene modules were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used for further enrichment analysis. The CIBERSORT tool was used to analyze the relative abundance of immune cells in samples. Differentially expressed immune-related genes were analyzed between different samples. Predictive models were constructed via extreme gradient boosting, and hub genes were identified according to feature importance. Results Blue and yellow modules were significantly related to AAA, and genes in these modules were associated with the aortic wall and immune response, respectively. In terms of aortic rupture, the most relevant module was significantly enriched in the inflammatory response. The results of GSEA and GSVA suggested that immune cells and the inflammatory response were involved in the development of AAA and aortic rupture. There were significant differences in the infiltration of immune cells and expression levels of immune-related genes among different samples. NFKB1 might be an important transcription factor mediating the inflammatory response of AAA and aortic rupture. After the construction of a predictive model, CD19, SELL, and CCR7 were selected as hub genes for AAA whereas OAS3, IFIT1, and IFI44L were identified as hub genes for aortic rupture. Conclusion Weakening of the aortic wall and the immune response both contributed to the development of AAA, and the inflammatory response was closely associated with aortic rupture. The infiltration of immune cells was significantly different between different samples. NFKB1 might be an important transcription factor in AAA and aortic rupture. CD19, SELL, and CCR7 had potential diagnostic value for AAA. OAS3, IFIT1, and IFI44L might be predictive factors for aortic rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can-e Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Institute of Medical Science Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaibo Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longtan Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Longtan Jiang,
| | - Fanyan Luo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Fanyan Luo,
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