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Matos AA, Oliveira FA, Machado AC, Saldanha LL, Tokuhara CK, Souza LP, Vilegas W, Dionísio TJ, Santos C, Peres-Buzalaf C, Dokkedal AL, Oliveira R. An extract from Myracrodruon urundeuva inhibits matrix mineralization in human osteoblasts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:192-201. [PMID: 30905790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phytotherapy based on plant-derived compounds is an alternative medicinal strategy for the relief of symptoms and the curing of diseases. The leaves of Myracrodruon urundeuva a medicinal plant also known as "aroeira", has been used in traditional medicine as healing, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory to treat skeletal diseases in Brazil, but its role in bone cell toxicity, as well as in bone formation, remains to be established. AIM OF THE STUDY We sought to determine the in vitro osteogenic effects of a hydroalcoholic M. urundeuva leaves extract in primary human osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization were evaluated by MTT assay, DCFH-DA probe, colorimetric-based enzymatic assay and Alizarin Red-staining, respectively. Besides, the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANKH) gene expression were determined by real-time RT-qPCR and MMP-2 activity by zymography. RESULTS Exposure of osteoblasts to M. urundeuva extract significantly decreased viability and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, regardless of the extract concentration. The M. urundeuva extract at 10 μg/mL also downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, while upregulating progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANKH) gene expression. By contrast, the MMP-2 activity was unchanged. The M. urundeuva extract at 10 μg/mL also reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and matrix mineralization promoted by M. urundeuva may be due more to an increase in oxidative stress than to the modulation of MMP-2 and ANKH expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Arruda Matos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Amadeu Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Cury Machado
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Cintia Kazuko Tokuhara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Perez Souza
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Organic Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Organic Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Peres-Buzalaf
- Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, UNESP, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Aguiar Galvão WR, Braz Filho R, Canuto KM, Ribeiro PRV, Campos AR, Moreira ACOM, Silva SO, Mesquita Filho FA, S A A R S, Melo Junior JMA, Gonçalves NGG, Fonseca SGC, Bandeira MAM. Gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities integrated to chemical composition of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão - A conservationist proposal for the species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 222:177-189. [PMID: 29689352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira-do-Sertão), Anacardiaceae, is one of the most used plants in folk medicine in Northeastern Brazil as an anti-inflammatory, healing and antiulcer. This species is threatened with extinction due to anthropogenic exploitation. The importance of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of a conservationist model of replacement of the M. urundeuva adult tree (inner bark) for its under developing plants (shoots) in order to ensure the preservation of this species, but also to ensure sufficient raw material for pharmaceutical purposes. AIM OF THE STUDY To characterize chemically and assess the gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of the fluid extracts from M. urundeuva innebark (adult plant) as well as stem and leaves of shoots (young plant). MATERIALS AND METHODS The fluid extracts were prepared by maceration-percolation with hydroalcoholic solution according to the methodology described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. These extracts were cleaned-up through solid phase extraction (SPE) and chemically characterized by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS). Gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts (700 or 1000 mg/kg) were assessed on ethanol-induced gastric lesions and Croton oil-induced ear edema in rats, respectively. The extracts were evaluated for cytotoxicity in vitro. RESULTS The UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis evidenced the presence of chalcones, flavonoids and tannins. Gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities achieved with fluid extracts from the stems and leaves was similar to inner bark. The fluid extracts were not toxic. CONCLUSION It is possible to replace the inner bark of the adult tree for the stems and leaves from the shoots as raw material to be used in the preparation of its the phytotherapeutics. Therefore, this finding may help in the implementation of public policies that ensure the conservation of the species along with its sustainable use for pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Aguiar Galvão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil; Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - R Braz Filho
- Researcher Emeritus, FAPERJ/Chemistry Department - UFRRJ, Brazil
| | - K M Canuto
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - P R V Ribeiro
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A R Campos
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A C O M Moreira
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - S O Silva
- Quixeramobim University (UNIQ), Ceará, Brazil
| | - F A Mesquita Filho
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Santos S A A R
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - J M A Melo Junior
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - N G G Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil
| | - S G C Fonseca
- Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil
| | - M A M Bandeira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil
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Santos MO, Ribeiro DA, Macêdo DGDE, Macêdo MJF, Macedo JGF, Lacerda MNSDE, Macêdo MS, Souza MMA. Medicinal Plants: versatility and concordance of use in the caatinga area, Northeastern Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:2767-2779. [PMID: 30043905 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the diversity of native medicinal plants in a caatinga area, verifying the versatility of species and concordance of use among the informants, in the Angico de Cima community, in the city of Aurora, Ceará, Brazil. Ethnobotanical data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with key informants, adopting the snowball technique. The Relative Importance (RI) and Consensus Factor among Informants (ICF) were analyzed to indicate the most versatile species with the highest agreement of use, respectively. Within the 35 registered native species, eight presented great versatility, with a RI> 1, standing out Ziziphus joazeiro Mart. (1.86) and Heliotropium indicum (L.) Lehm (1.67). The 60 therapeutic indications were grouped into 13 body systems categories, of which Genitourinary System Disorder and Nervous, had the highest agreement of use with ICF from 0.8, each. Some species, such as Heliotropium indicum, have a high RI, are scarcely indicated for therapeutic activities in caatinga and require studies that prove their medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria O Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Daiany A Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Delmacia G DE Macêdo
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Márcia J F Macêdo
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Julimery G F Macedo
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Natália S DE Lacerda
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Soraya Macêdo
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria A Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
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Ferreira Macedo JG, de Menezes IRA, Alves Ribeiro D, de Oliveira Santos M, Gonçalves de Mâcedo D, Ferreira Macêdo MJ, Vilar de Almeida B, Souza de Oliveira LG, Pereira Leite C, de Almeida Souza MM. Analysis of the Variability of Therapeutic Indications of Medicinal Species in the Northeast of Brazil: Comparative Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:6769193. [PMID: 29849720 PMCID: PMC5937548 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6769193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This study aims to evaluate the versatility of these species and their agreement of use and/or the informants' knowledge and verify the variability of the information on the indicated medicinal species in comparison to other species from northeastern Brazilian areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical information was acquired through interviews with 23 residents of the Quincuncá community, northeastern Brazil. From the obtained data, a comparative analysis of the therapeutic indications with other 40 areas in different biomes was conducted. For that, the relative importance index and informant consensus factor were calculated and compared to other indices evaluated in the literature. RESULTS A total of 39 medicinal species were cited and twenty-six species showed similarities among their therapeutic indications; however, species as Geoffroea spinosa, Lantana camara, and others can be highlighted, present in community disease indications that were not verified for other areas. Myracrodruon urundeuva, Mimosa tenuiflora, Stryphnodendron rotundifolium, and Amburana cearensis had the greatest versatility. In the Quincuncá community, medicinal species were indicated for 49 diseases, which were grouped into 15 categories of body systems. CONCLUSION This study shows the presented divergence in relation to their therapeutic use; in this point, these divergences reinforce the importance of pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry Regional University of Cariri, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Daiany Alves Ribeiro
- Department of Biology, Vegetal Ecology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Biology, Vegetal Ecology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bianca Vilar de Almeida
- Department of Biology, Vegetal Ecology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Catarina Pereira Leite
- Department of Biology, Vegetal Ecology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
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Dutra RC, Campos MM, Santos AR, Calixto JB. Medicinal plants in Brazil: Pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:4-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Neuroprotective Properties of a Standardized Extract from Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. (Aroeira-Do-Sertão), as Evaluated by a Parkinson's Disease Model in Rats. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2014; 2014:519615. [PMID: 25061534 PMCID: PMC4099356 DOI: 10.1155/2014/519615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. (Anacardiaceae) is a Brazilian medicinal species, which is common to the Northeastern Brazilian semiarid region, whose stem-bark is widely used in folk medicine. It is an endangered species, presenting as main bioactive components tannins and chalcones. In this work, we studied the neuroprotective effects of a standardized extract from cultivated M. urundeuva (SEMU), in a model of Parkinson's disease. Thus, a unilateral injection of 6-OHDA was done into the rat right stratum. The animals were submitted to stereotaxic surgery, then treated with SEMU (5, 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for 2 weeks, subjected to behavioral tests, and euthanized for striata dissections and neurochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. We showed, for the first time, that SEMU reverted behavioral alterations seen in the 6-OHDA-lesioned group and partially blocked the decrease in DA and DOPAC contents. The numbers of viable neurons and TH immunopositive cells were increased by SEMU. In addition, the SEMU-treated 6-OHDA groups showed lower numbers of GFAP and OX-42 immunopositive cells. The neuroprotective action of SEMU is possibly related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of M. urundeuva, pointing out to its potential use in the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative conditions, such as Parkinson's disease.
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Plant stem bark extractivism in the northeast semiarid region of Brazil: a new aport to utilitarian redundancy model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:543207. [PMID: 22319546 PMCID: PMC3272824 DOI: 10.1155/2012/543207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We use the model of utilitarian redundancy as a basis for research. This model provides predictions that have not been tested by other research. In this sense, we sought to investigate the stem bark extraction between preferred and less-preferred species by a rural community in Caatinga environment. In addition, we sought to explain local preferences to observe if preferred plants have a higher content of tannins than less-preferred species. For this, we selected seven preferred species and seven less-preferred species from information obtained from semistructured interviews applied to 49 informants. Three areas of vegetation around the community were also selected, in which individuals were tagged, and were measured the diameter at ground level (DGL) diameter at breast height (DBH), and measurements of available and extracted bark areas. Samples of bark of the species were also collected for the evaluation of tannin content, obtained by the method of radial diffusion. From the results, the preferred species showed a greater area of bark removed. However, the tannin content showed no significant differences between preferred and less-preferred plants. These results show there is a relationship between preference and use, but this preference is not related to the total tannins content.
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Ferreira PMP, Farias DF, Viana MP, Souza TM, Vasconcelos IM, Soares BM, Pessoa C, Costa-Lotufo LV, Moraes MO, Carvalho AF. Study of the antiproliferative potential of seed extracts from Northeastern Brazilian plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 83:1045-58. [DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652011005000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the antiproliferative and cytotoxic potential against tumor lines of ethanolic seed extracts of 21 plant species belonging to different families from Northeastern Brazil. In addition, some underlying mechanisms involved in this cytotoxicity were also investigated. Among the 21 extracts tested, the MTT assay after 72 h of incubation demonstrated that only the ethanolic extract obtained from Myracrodruon urundeuva seeds (EEMUS), which has steroids, alkaloids and phenols, showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells, being 2-fold more active on leukemia HL-60 line [IC50 value of 12.5 (9.5-16.7) μg/mL] than on glioblastoma SF-295 [IC50 of 25.1 (17.3-36.3) μg/mL] and Sarcoma 180 cells [IC50 of 38.1 (33.5-43.4) μg/mL]. After 72h exposure, flow cytometric and morphological analyses of HL-60-treated cells showed that EEMUS caused decrease in cell number, volume and viability as well as internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in a dose-dependent way, suggesting that the EEMUS triggers apoptotic pathways of cell death.
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Cartaxo SL, Souza MMDA, de Albuquerque UP. Medicinal plants with bioprospecting potential used in semi-arid northeastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 131:326-42. [PMID: 20621178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many species of the Caatinga flora are used as medicines in local communities. In recent decades, the knowledge and use of these species has been expanding within this region. We attempted to record the local diversity of medicinal plants used to treat various diseases in a rural community in the state of Ceará, Brazil, and to evaluate the promising medicinal species for bioprospecting studies. METHODS An ethnobotanical survey was conducted using free list and semi-structured interviews. To indicate medicinal plants that stood out, the relative importance (RI) of species mentioned by key-informants (20), by general informants in the community (71) and by all informants (91), was analyzed. The group of species that stood out for human body systems based on the informant consensus factor (ICF) was also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 119 species were recorded that were associated with 92 health problems. Of these species, 100 were cited by key-informants and 86 were cited by general informants. Nineteen species showed a great versatility of use, including the following: Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão, Bauhinia cheilanta (Bong.) Steud., Hymenaea courbaril L., Mentha x villosa Huds., Ziziphus joazeiro Mart., and Ruta graveolens L. Key-informants cited 33 exclusive species, from which nine presented greater relative importance. General informants cited 19 exclusive species, 2 with greatest relative importance. The therapeutic properties were grouped into 16 body system categories. These grouping categories included skin diseases and diseases of the subcutaneous tissue; sensory system (ears) disorders; respiratory disorders; and injuries, poisoning and other external symptoms. CONCLUSION The great diversity of medicinal plants used in the community is evident. Some species had both high relative importance and high consensus factors among the informants; these particular species are recommended for bioprospecting studies.
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de Albuquerque UP, Muniz de Medeiros P, de Almeida ALS, Monteiro JM, Machado de Freitas Lins Neto E, Gomes de Melo J, dos Santos JP. Medicinal plants of the caatinga (semi-arid) vegetation of NE Brazil: a quantitative approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 114:325-54. [PMID: 17900836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2007] [Revised: 08/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The caatinga (semi-arid vegetation) is a Brazilian biome with a significant but poorly studied biodiversity closely associated with a diverse cultural heritage. The present work focused on analyzing published information available concerning medicinal plants used by traditional communities. We sought to contribute to future phytochemical and pharmacological investigations by documenting the therapeutic uses of native caatinga plants within the aims of modern ethnopharmacological research. Twenty-one published works cited a total of 389 plant species used by indigenous and rural communities in northeastern Brazil for medicinal purposes. The relative importance index (RI) of each species in these inventories was calculated, and information concerning the plant's local status (spontaneous or cultivated), distribution, and habit was recorded. Of the 275 spontaneous (non-cultivated) species cited, 15.3% were endemic to the caatinga. A statistical relationship was verified between the relative importance of the species and their endemic status (p<0.05). Herbaceous plants were more numerous (169) than trees (90) or shrubs and sub-shrubs (130) at a statistically significant level (p<0.05). A survey of published information on the phytochemical and pharmacological status of the plants demonstrating the highest RI supported the veracity of their attributed folk uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Area de Botânica, Laboratório de Etnobotânica Aplicada, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-030, Brazil.
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Goes ACADM, Rodrigues LV, de Menezes DB, Grangeiro MDPF, Cavalcante ARMS. Análise histológica da cicatrização da anastomose colônica, em ratos, sob ação de enema de Aroeira-do-sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva fr. all.) a 10%. Acta Cir Bras 2005; 20:144-51. [PMID: 15884715 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502005000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar, do ponto de vista histológico, a ação do extrato aquoso da aroeira-do-sertão na cicatrização da anastomose colônica, em ratos Wistar. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 48 ratos da linhagem Wistar, machos, com peso médio de 320g, distribuídos em dois grupos, com 24 animais, cada. Todos os animais foram submetidos à secção transversa completa do cólon descendente, seguida de anastomose colônica. Os ratos do grupo A receberam diariamente no pós-operatório enemas de veículo à base de carboximetilcelulose (CMC). Os animais do grupo B receberam no pós-operatório enemas de extrato aquoso de aroeira-do-sertão a 10% em veículo à base de CMC, até a data da eutanásia. Nas datas 3, 7, 14 e 21 do experimento, seis ratos de cada grupo foram submetidos à remoção de segmento colônico, incluindo a anastomose, destinado à apreciação histológica e análise qualitativa da resposta celular inflamatória e cicatricial. RESULTADOS: A análise morfológica revela diferença significante entre os grupos, no dia 7 (ñ < 0,05), quando o grupo estudado apresentou menor escore que o grupo controle. A deposição do colágeno no grupo aroeira foi menor, nos dias 3, 7 e 14 (ñ < 0,05), em relação ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: O extrato aquoso da aroeira-do-sertão tem ação antiinflamatória. Também possui efeito inibitório na deposição do colágeno nas fases inflamatória e de fibroplasia no processo cicatricial de anastomoses colônicas, em ratos Wistar, porém em fases avançadas (dia 21) a cicatrização se dá de forma semelhante aos animais do grupo controle.
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