The EDISFAR Programs. Rational Drug Series Design

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a new model of arylpiperazines. 5. Study of the physicochemical influence of the pharmacophore on 5-HT(1a)/alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor affinity: synthesis of a new derivative with mixed 5-HT(1a)/d(2) antagonist properties

In this paper we have designed and synthesized a test series of 32 amide arylpiperazine derivatives VI in order to gain insight into the physicochemical influence of the pharmacophores of 5-HT(1A) and alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors. The training set was designed applying a fractional factorial design using six physicochemical descriptors. The amide moiety is a bicyclohydantoin or a diketopiperazine (X = -(CH(2))(3)-, -(CH(2))(4)-; m = 0, 1), the spacer length is 3 or 4 methylene units, which are the optimum values for both receptors, and the aromatic substituent R occupies the ortho- or meta-position and has been selected from a database of 387 substituents using the EDISFAR program. The 5-HT(1A) and alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor binding affinities of synthesized compounds VI (1-32) have been determined. This data set has been used to derive classical quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) and neural networks models for both receptors (following paper). A comparison of these models gives information for the design of the new ligand EF-7412 (46) (5-HT(1A): K(i) = 27 nM; alpha(1): K(i) > 1000 nM). This derivative displays affinity for the dopamine D(2) receptor (K(i) = 22 nM) and is selective versus all other receptors examined (5-HT(2A), 5-HT(3), 5-HT(4) and Bz; K(i) > 1000 nM). EF-7412 (46) acts as an antagonist in vivo in pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptor sites and as an antagonist in the dopamine D(2) receptor. Thus, EF-7412 (46) is a derivative with mixed 5-HT(1A)/D(2) antagonist properties and this derivative could be useful as a pharmacological tool.

Design and synthesis of 2-[4-[4-(m-(ethylsulfonamido)-phenyl) piperazin-1-yl]butyl]-1,3-dioxoperhydropyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole (EF-7412) using neural networks. A selective derivative with mixed 5-HT1A/D2 antagonist properties

A test series of 32 phenylpiperazines III with affinity for 5-HT1A and alpha1 receptors was subjected to QSAR analysis using artificial neural networks (ANNs), in order to get insight into the structural requirements that are responsible for 5-HT1A/alpha1 selectivity. Good models and predictive power were obtained for 5-HT1A and alpha1 receptors. A comparison of these models gives information for the design of the new ligand EF-7412 (5-HT1A:Ki(nM)= 27; alpha1: Ki(nM) > 1000). This derivative displayed affinity for dopamine D2 receptor (Ki = 22 nM) and is selective for all other receptor examined (5-HT2A, 5-HT3, 5-HT4 and Bz). EF-7412 acts an antagonist in vivo in pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor sites and as an antagonist in dopamine D2 receptor.