1
|
Balestri F, De Leo M, Sorce C, Cappiello M, Quattrini L, Moschini R, Pineschi C, Braca A, La Motta C, Da Settimo F, Del-Corso A, Mura U. Soyasaponins from Zolfino bean as aldose reductase differential inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:350-360. [PMID: 30734590 PMCID: PMC6327985 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1553166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven triterpenoid saponins were identified in methanolic extracts of seeds of the Zolfino bean landrace (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by HPLC fractionation, revealing their ability to inhibit highly purified human recombinant aldose reductase (hAKR1B1). Six of these compounds were associated by MS analysis with the following saponins already reported in different Phaseolus vulgaris varieties: soyasaponin Ba (V), soyasaponin Bb, soyasaponin Bd (sandosaponin A), soyasaponin αg, 3-O-[R-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)-α-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-α-d-glucuronopyranosyl]olean-12-en-22-oxo-3α,-24-diol, and soyasaponin βg. The inhibitory activity of the collected fractions containing the above compounds was tested for hAKR1B1-dependent reduction of both l-idose and 4-hydroxynonenal, revealing that some are able to differentially inhibit the enzyme. The present work also highlights the difficulties in the search for aldose reductase differential inhibitors (ARDIs) in mixtures due to the masking effect on ARDIs exerted by the presence of conventional aldose reductase inhibitors. The possibility of differential inhibition generated by a different inhibitory model of action of molecules on different substrates undergoing transformation is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Balestri
- a Department of Biology , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,c Department of Pharmacy , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Carlo Sorce
- a Department of Biology , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Mario Cappiello
- a Department of Biology , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Luca Quattrini
- c Department of Pharmacy , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Roberta Moschini
- a Department of Biology , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Carlotta Pineschi
- d PhD School in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,c Department of Pharmacy , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Concettina La Motta
- b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,c Department of Pharmacy , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | | | - Antonella Del-Corso
- a Department of Biology , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Umberto Mura
- a Department of Biology , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'' , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cai T, Guo ZQ, Xu XY, Wu ZJ. Recent (2000-2015) developments in the analysis of minor unknown natural products based on characteristic fragment information using LC-MS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:202-216. [PMID: 27341181 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) has been widely used in natural product analysis. Global detection and identification of nontargeted components are desirable in natural product research, for example, in quality control of Chinese herbal medicine. Nontargeted components analysis continues to expand to exciting life science application domains such as metabonomics. With this background, the present review summarizes recent developments in the analysis of minor unknown natural products using LC-MS and mainly focuses on the determination of the molecular formulae, selection of precursor ions, and characteristic fragmentation patterns of the known compounds. This review consists of three parts. Firstly, the methods used to determine unique molecular formula of unknown compounds such as accurate mass measurements, MSn spectra, or relative isotopic abundance information, are introduced. Secondly, the methods improving signal-to-noise ratio of MS/MS spectra by manual-MS/MS or workflow targeting-only signals were elucidated; pure precursor ions can be selected by changing the precursor ion isolated window. Lastly, characteristic fragmentation patterns such as Retro-Diels-Alder (RDA), McLafferty rearrangements, "internal residue loss," and so on, occurring in the molecular ions of natural products are summarized. Classical application of characteristic fragmentation patterns in identifying unknown compounds in extracts and relevant fragmentation mechanisms are presented (RDA reactions occurring readily in the molecular ions of flavanones or isoflavanones, McLafferty-type fragmentation reactions of some natural products such as epipolythiodioxopiperazines; fragmentation by "internal residue loss" possibly involving ion-neutral complex intermediates). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:202-216, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Cai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ze-Qin Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wuhrer M, Deelder AM, van der Burgt YEM. Mass spectrometric glycan rearrangements. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:664-80. [PMID: 21560141 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric rearrangement reactions have been reported for a large variety of compounds such as peptides, lipids, and carbohydrates. In the case of carbohydrates this phenomenon has been described as internal residue loss. Resulting fragment ions may be misinterpreted as fragments arising from conventional glycosidic bond cleavages, which may result in incorrect structural assignment. Therefore, awareness of the occurrence of glycan rearrangements is important for avoiding misinterpretation of tandem mass spectra. In this review mass spectrometric rearrangements of both derivatized and underivatized (native) oligosaccharide structures are discussed. Similar phenomena have been reported for glycopeptides, labeled glycan structures and other biomolecules containing a carbohydrate part. Rearrangements in oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates have been observed with different types of mass spectrometers. Most of the observed carbohydrate rearrangement reactions appear to be linked to the presence of a proton. Hence, tandem mass spectrometric analysis of alkali adducts or deprotonated ions often prevents rearrangement reactions, while they may happen with high efficacy with protonated glycoconjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prussia AJ, Yang Y, Geballe MT, Snyder JP. Cyclostreptin and microtubules: is a low-affinity binding site required? Chembiochem 2010; 11:101-9. [PMID: 19946930 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclostreptin (CS) is a recently discovered natural product with cytotoxic activity caused by microtubule stabilization. It is the only known microtubule-stabilizing agent (MSA) that covalently binds to tubulin. It also exhibits the fast-binding kinetics seen for other MSAs. Through careful peptide digestion and mass spectrometry analysis, Buey et al. found that two amino acids are labeled by CS: Asn228, near the known taxane-binding site, and Thr220, in the type I microtubule pore. This led Buey et al. to propose Thr220 resides at the site previously predicted to be a way station or low-affinity site. By using molecular dynamics simulations and structural considerations of the microtubule pore and tubulin dimer, we conclude that postulation of a low-affinity site is unnecessary to explain the available experimental data. An alternative explanation views the microtubule pore as a structural entity that presents a substantial kinetic barrier to ligand passage to the known taxane-binding site-an entry point to the microtubule lumen that becomes completely blocked if cyclostreptin is bound at Thr220. Simulations of the free dimer also suggest a common mechanism of microtubule stabilization for taxane site MSAs through their conformational effect on the M-loop. Such an effect explains the low tubulin polymerization caused by cyclostreptin in vitro despite its covalent attachment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Prussia
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Montoya G, Arango GJ, Ramírez-Pineda JR. Rapid differentiation of isobaric and positional isomers of structurally related glycosides from Phytolacca bogotensis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:3361-3371. [PMID: 19785003 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Through the action of glycosyltransferases, a plant can biosynthetically assemble small different aglycons or 'templates' to various polysaccharides to produce numerous glycoconjugates differing in the type of the attached aglycon, the anomeric configuration of C-1 of the glycosylating sugar, the type of sugar and the different position of attachments of the sugar unit present in the polysaccharide chain. The position of attachments and the anomeric configuration of the different sugar present in the polysaccharide create the opportunity to generate molecules with either the same or very close molecular weights, which have relative structural similarity--forming isobaric and positional isomers. Although isomeric differentiation was once considered outside of the domain of mass spectrometry, this task can now be resolved using tandem mass spectrometry. In a standardized purified glycoconjugate fraction (SPT01) from Phytolacca bogotensis, we report conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and collision-induced dissociation (CID) MS/MS parameters which favored the formation of characteristic product ions. This allowed us to suggest the type of sugar linkages present in a specific glycoconjugate. Ten new glycoconjugate are described from this plant and another twelve known saponins were structurally characterized using the automatic MSn acquisition mode. The differentiation of two pairs of positional isomers and four isobaric glycosides and the production of a library of 30 glycosides present in P. bogotensis were accomplished.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Montoya
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226 Medellín, Colombia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wuhrer M, Koeleman CAM, Deelder AM. Hexose rearrangements upon fragmentation of N-glycopeptides and reductively aminated N-glycans. Anal Chem 2009; 81:4422-32. [PMID: 19419147 DOI: 10.1021/ac900278q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry of glycans and glycoconjugates in protonated form is known to result in rearrangement reactions leading to internal residue loss. Here we studied the occurrence of hexose rearrangements in tandem mass spectrometry of N-glycopeptides and reductively aminated N-glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS/MS and ESI-ion trap-MS/MS. Fragmentation of proton adducts of oligomannosidic N-glycans of ribonuclease B that were labeled with 2-aminobenzamide and 2-aminobenzoic acid resulted in transfer of one to five hexose residues to the fluorescently tagged innermost N-acetylglucosamine. Glycopeptides from various biological sources with oligomannosidic glycans were likewise shown to undergo hexose rearrangement reactions, resulting in chitobiose cleavage products that have acquired one or two hexose moieties. Tryptic immunoglobulin G Fc-glycopeptides with biantennary N-glycans likewise showed hexose rearrangements resulting in hexose transfer to the peptide moiety retaining the innermost N-acetylglucosamine. Thus, as a general phenomenon, tandem mass spectrometry of reductively aminated glycans as well as glycopeptides may result in hexose rearrangements. This characteristic of glycopeptide MS/MS has to be considered when developing tools for de novo glycopeptide structural analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Broberg A. High-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry for analysis of oligosaccharides derivatized by reductive amination and N,N-dimethylation. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1462-9. [PMID: 17532306 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Milk oligosaccharides derivatized by reductive amination with benzylamine followed by N,N-dimethylation (DMBA-oligosaccharides), were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-ITMS). Separation of DMBA-oligosaccharides was achieved on a graphitized carbon column eluted with aqueous acetonitrile and the DMBA-oligosaccharides were detected by positive-ion mode ESI-ITMS allowing sample amounts down to approximately 30fmol of single DMBA-oligosaccharides injected on the HPLC column. MS/MS operation of the mass spectrometer resulted in the detection of diagnostic fragments, mainly belonging to the Y-series, allowing differentiation between isomeric milk oligosaccharides. HPLC/ESI-ITMS/MS/MS experiments indicated the migration of fucose residues of the DMBA milk oligosaccharides to the modified reducing end glucose residue during analysis, a migration previously only observed for proton adduct ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Broberg
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, PO Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|