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Jung H, Jung D, Lee J, Ki W, Lee JM, Kim EM, Nam MS, Kim KK. Bioactive peptides in the pancreatin-hydrolysates of whey protein support cell proliferation and scavenge reactive oxygen species. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:232-242. [PMID: 36275446 PMCID: PMC9586699 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2130425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whey protein (WP) in milk shows physiologically active functions such as cholesterol control and immune system strengthening. In this study, we performed hydrolysis and peptide polarity fractionation to enhance the efficacy and diversity of its physiological activities, using the digesting enzyme, pancreatin. Our results indicate that hydrolysis significantly increased the cell proliferation of the WP fractions, with the lower-polarity fractions showing greater efficacy in this regard. Our results indicate that hydrolysis significantly increases cell proliferation of the WP fractions. Additionally, we confirmed differences in the antioxidant activity of the WP fractions as a function of polarity was confirmed via scavenging 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay in vitro. WP itself did not show anti-inflammatory efficacy. However, all the hydrolyzed fractions downregulated the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in all treated cell lines and, based on a senescence-associated (SA)-β-galactosidase assay, the fraction with the lowest polarity (F6) inhibited cellular senescence to the greatest extent. Furthermore, we identified the peptide sequences with various physiological activities from whey protein hydrolysates through mass spectrometry. Taken together, our results indicate that the fractionation of WP via hydrolysis generates novel functions including promoting cellular cell proliferation, anti-inflammatory effects, and enhancing antioxidant and anti-cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haesoo Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Damin Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Ki
- Division of Animal Resource Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Nam
- Division of Animal Resource Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhang H, Bai Y, Zhu N, Xu J. Microfluidic reactor with immobilized enzyme-from construction to applications: A review. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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3
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Magnetic separation techniques in sample preparation for biological analysis: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 101:84-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Vlakh EG, Tennikova TB. Flow-through immobilized enzyme reactors based on monoliths: I. Preparation of heterogeneous biocatalysts. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:110-27. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia G. Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry; Saint-Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Tatiana B. Tennikova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry; Saint-Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
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5
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Li Y, Zhang X, Deng C. Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for sample preparation in proteomics and peptidomics analysis. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8517-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60156k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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6
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Preparing a metal-ion chelated immobilized enzyme reactor based on the polyacrylamide monolith grafted with polyethylenimine for a facile regeneration and high throughput tryptic digestion in proteomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:703-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Chu B, Lou D, Yu P, Hu S, Shen S. Development of an on-column enrichment technique based on C18-functionalized magnetic silica nanoparticles for the determination of lidocaine in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7248-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Zhang W, Zhao C, Wang S, Fang C, Xu Y, Lu H, Yang P. Coating cells with cationic silica-magnetite nanocomposites for rapid purification of integral plasma membrane proteins. Proteomics 2011; 11:3482-90. [PMID: 21751343 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, P R China
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9
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Sun L, Zhao Q, Zhu G, Zhou Y, Wang T, Shan Y, Yang K, Liang Z, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Octyl-functionalized hybrid magnetic mesoporous microspheres for enrichment of low-concentration peptides prior to direct analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:1257-1265. [PMID: 21488124 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Octyl-functionalized hybrid magnetic mesoporous (Fe(3)O(4)·nSiO(2)·meso-hybrid-C8) microspheres were synthesized and applied in the isolation and pre-concentration of low-concentration peptides prior to direct analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Such microspheres possess high surface area (324 m(2)/g), hydrophobic group (C8), relatively large pore volume (0.304 cm(3)/g), uniform pore diameter (~3.7 nm), and magnetic responsivity, which make them a simple and efficient kind of adsorbent for the enrichment of low-concentration peptides. For bovine serum albumin (BSA, 15 fmol μL(-1)) digest, after concentration by Fe(3)O(4)·nSiO(2)·meso-hybrid-C8 microspheres, the enrichment performance was evidently better than those obtained by solvent evaporation and C8-functionalized magnetic particles, and comparable to those obtained by commercial Anchor chip target and ZipTipC18 pipette tip. Such microspheres were further applied in the enrichment of the tryptic digests of rat cerebellum proteins and endogenous peptides of crude human serum, and more peaks with higher signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio were obtained than before pre-concentration. Furthermore, the pre-concentration reproducibility of magnetic microspheres for biological samples was good, and the limit of detection (LOD) for BSA digests by MALDI-TOF MS was decreased by at least one order of magnitude compared with that obtained without pre-concentration. All the above-mentioned results indicate that the synthesized Fe(3)O(4)·nSiO(2)·meso-hybrid-C8 microspheres are promising for the enrichment of low-concentration peptides from complex biosamples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Sun
- National Chromatographic R & A Center, Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China
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10
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Hristov J. Magnetic field assisted fluidization – a unified approach. Part 8. Mass transfer: magnetically assisted bioprocesses. REV CHEM ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1515/revce.2010.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Yang Y, Boysen RI, Harris SJ, Hearn MTW. Peptide mapping with mobile phases of intermediate pH value using capillary reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:3767-73. [PMID: 19285675 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This investigation describes the separation of tryptic peptides by capillary reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with eluents in the intermediate pH range, followed by in-line electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analysis. For these purposes, gradient elution procedures with an aqueous eluent containing 20 mM ammonium formate, and an increasing content of acetonitrile or methanol, were employed. Compared to the analysis of the same tryptic peptides under low-pH conditions with an ion-pairing reagent, the increase in the pH with the 20 mM ammonium formate mobile phase led to significant changes in both peptide retention to the reversed-phase column and the collision-induced dissociation at the MS/MS stage as a consequence of the changes in the physico-chemical properties of these peptides, such as their overall charge, polarity and relative hydrophobicity. Thus, improved selectivity for the peptide separation and favourable tandem mass spectrometry analysis could be obtained with eluents in this intermediate pH range. The number of tryptic peptides identified by the new approach for the proteins investigated were significantly higher than that obtained by the conventional low-pH methods. Moreover, analysis of protein digests at very low concentrations was also performed under both acidic and intermediate pH conditions and similar improvements in selectivity and MS/MS detection limits were observed, i.e. identification of more distinct peptides and higher sequence coverage of the protein was obtained when eluents of intermediate pH were employed. This study therefore highlights the potential of conducting peptide mapping in the intermediate pH range to achieve more reliable and sensitive protein identifications with capillary RP-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhong Yang
- Australian Research Council Special Research Centre for Green Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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12
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Functionalized magnetic carbonaceous microspheres for trypsin immobilization and the application to fast proteolysis. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1215:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Revised: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Li Y, Xu X, Qi D, Deng C, Yang P, Zhang X. Novel Fe3O4@TiO2 Core−Shell Microspheres for Selective Enrichment of Phosphopeptides in Phosphoproteome Analysis. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:2526-38. [DOI: 10.1021/pr700582z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiuqing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dawei Qi
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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14
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Yao N, Chen H, Lin H, Deng C, Zhang X. Enrichment of peptides in serum by C(8)-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for direct matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1185:93-101. [PMID: 18262195 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human serum contains a complex array of proteolytically derived peptides (serum peptidome), which contain biomarkers of preclinical screening and disease diagnosis. Recently, commercial C(8)-functionalized magnetic beads (1-10 microm) were widely applied to the separation and enrichment of peptides in human serum, prior to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis. In this work, laboratory-prepared C(8)-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (about 50 nm) were prepared and applied to the fast separation and the enrichment of peptides from serum. At first, the C(8)-magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by modifying amine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles with chlorodimethyloctylsilane. These synthesized C(8)-amine-functionalized magnetic particles have excellent magnetic responsibility, high dispersibility and large surface area. Finally, the C(8)-magnetic nanoparticles were successfully applied to fast and efficient enrichment of low-abundance peptides from protein tryptic digestion and human serum followed by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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15
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Lin S, Lin Z, Yao G, Deng C, Yang P, Zhang X. Development of microwave-assisted protein digestion based on trypsin-immobilized magnetic microspheres for highly efficient proteolysis followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:3910-3918. [PMID: 17990248 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, very easily prepared trypsin-immobilized magnetic microspheres were applied in microwave-assisted protein digestion and firstly applied for proteome analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Magnetic microspheres with small size were synthesized and modified by 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GLYMO). Trypsin was immobilized onto magnetic microspheres through only a one-step reaction of its amine group with GLYMO. When these easily prepared trypsin-immobilized magnetic microspheres were applied in microwave-assisted protein digestion, the magnetic microspheres not only functionalized as substrate for trypsin immobilization, but also as an excellent microwave absorber and thus improved the efficiency of microwave-assisted digestion greatly. Cytochrome c was used as a model protein to verify its digestion efficiency. Without any additives such as organic solvents or urea, peptide fragments produced in 15 s could be confidently identified by MALDI-TOF-MS and better digestion efficiency was obtained comparing to conventional in-solution digestion (12 h). Besides, with an external magnet, trypsin could be used repeatedly and at the same time no contaminants were introduced into the sample solution. It was verified that the enzyme maintained high activity after seven runs. Furthermore, reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) fractions of rat liver extract were also successfully processed using this novel method. These results indicated that this fast and efficient digestion method, which combined the advantages of immobilized trypsin and microwave-assisted protein digestion, will greatly hasten the application of top-down proteomic techniques for large-scale analysis in biological and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lin
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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