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Stocks BB, Melanson JE. In-Source Reduction of Disulfide-Bonded Peptides Monitored by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:742-751. [PMID: 29450858 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many peptides with antimicrobial activity and/or therapeutic potential contain disulfide bonds as a means to enhance stability, and their quantitation is often performed using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Disulfides can be reduced during ESI under commonly used instrument conditions, which has the potential to hinder accurate peptide quantitation. We demonstrate that this in-source reduction (ISR) is predominantly observed for peptides infused from acidic solutions and subjected to elevated ESI voltages (3-4 kV). ISR is readily apparent in the mass spectrum of oxytocin-a small, single disulfide-containing peptide. However, subtle m/z shifts due to partial ISR of highly charged (z ≥ 3) peptides with multiple disulfide linkages may proceed unnoticed. Ion mobility (IM)-MS separates ions on the basis of charge and shape in the gas phase, and using insulin as a model system, we show that IM-MS arrival time distributions (ATDs) are particularly sensitive to partial ISR of large peptides. Isotope modeling allows for the relative quantitation of disulfide-intact and partially reduced states of the mobility-separated peptide conformers. Interestingly, hepcidin peptides ionized from acidic solutions at elevated ESI voltages undergo gas-phase compaction, ostensibly due to partial disulfide ISR. Our IM-MS results lead us to propose that residual acid is the likely cause of disparate ATDs recently measured for hepcidin from different suppliers [Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 409, 2559-2567 (2017)]. Overall, our results demonstrate the utility of IM-MS to detect partial ISR of disulfide-bonded peptides and reinforce the notion that peptide/protein measurements should be carried out using minimally activating instrument conditions. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley B Stocks
- National Research Council of Canada, Measurement Science and Standards, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Jeremy E Melanson
- National Research Council of Canada, Measurement Science and Standards, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
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2
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Pandeti S, Feketeová L, Reddy TJ, Abdoul-Carime H, Farizon B, Farizon M, Märk TD. Nitroimidazolic radiosensitizers investigated by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and density functional theory. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of positive and negative ions and radical anions of 5-nitroimidazolic radiosensitizers and their ability to form these ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pandeti
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon
- CNRS/IN2P3
- UMR 5822
| | - L. Feketeová
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon
- CNRS/IN2P3
- UMR 5822
| | - T. J. Reddy
- Analytical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500 007
- India
| | - H. Abdoul-Carime
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon
- CNRS/IN2P3
- UMR 5822
| | - B. Farizon
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon
- CNRS/IN2P3
- UMR 5822
| | - M. Farizon
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon
- CNRS/IN2P3
- UMR 5822
| | - T. D. Märk
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
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Neto FC, Guaratini T, Costa-Lotufo L, Colepicolo P, Gates PJ, Lopes NP. Re-investigation of the fragmentation of protonated carotenoids by electrospray ionization and nanospray tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1540-1548. [PMID: 27321841 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Carotenoids are polyene isoprenoids with an important role in photosynthesis and photoprotection. Their characterization in biological matrices is a crucial subject for biochemical research. In this work we report the full fragmentation of 16 polyenes (carotenes and xanthophylls) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-CID-MS/MS) and nanospray tandem mass spectrometry (nanoESI-CID-MS/MS). METHODS Analyses were carried out on a quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer coupled with a nanoESI source and on a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer with an ESI source. The formulae of the product ions were determined by accurate-mass measurements. RESULTS It is demonstrated that the fragmentation routes observed for the protonated carotenoids derive essentially from charge-remote fragmentations and pericyclic rearrangements, such as electrocyclic and retro-ene eliminations (assisted or not by a sigmatropic hydrogen shift). All mechanisms are dependent on cis-trans isomerization through the formation of several conjugated polyene carbocation intermediates. Some specific ions for the carotenoid epoxides were justified through formation of cyclic oxonium ions. CONCLUSIONS Complete fragmentation pathways of protonated carotenoids by ESI- and nanoESI-CID-MS/MS provided structural information about functional groups, polyene chain and double bonds, and contribute to identification of carotenoids based on MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Carnevale Neto
- NPPNS, Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Guaratini
- NPPNS, Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Lychnoflora Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Produtos Naturais LTDA, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Costa-Lotufo
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pio Colepicolo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paul J Gates
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantocks Close, Bristol, UK
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- NPPNS, Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Rivera SM, Christou P, Canela-Garayoa R. Identification of carotenoids using mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:353-372. [PMID: 24178708 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present review compiles positive MS fragmentation data of selected carotenoids obtained using various ionization techniques and matrices. In addition, new experimental data from the analysis of carotenoids in transgenic maize and rice callus are provided. Several carotenes and oxygen-functionalized carotenoids containing epoxy, hydroxyl, and ketone groups were ionized by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in positive ion mode. Thus, on the basis of the information obtained from the literature and our own experiments, we identified characteristic carotenoid ions that can be associated to functional groups in the structures of these compounds. In addition, pigments with a very similar structure were differentiated through comparison of the intensities of their fragments. The data provide a basis for the structural elucidation of carotenoids by mass spectrometry (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol M Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, ETSEA, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
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New drugs with antiprotozoal activity from marine algae: a review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ernst M, Silva DB, Silva RR, Vêncio RZN, Lopes NP. Mass spectrometry in plant metabolomics strategies: from analytical platforms to data acquisition and processing. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:784-806. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Characterisation of flavonoid aglycones by negative ion chip-based nanospray tandem mass spectrometry. Int J Anal Chem 2012; 2012:259217. [PMID: 22505914 PMCID: PMC3296263 DOI: 10.1155/2012/259217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are one of the most important classes of natural products having a wide variety of biological activities. There is wide interest in a range of medical and dietary applications, and having a rapid, reliable method for structural elucidation is essential. In this study a range of flavonoid standards are investigated by chip-based negative ion nanospray mass spectrometry. It was found that the different classes of flavonoid studied have a combination of distinct neutral losses from the precursor ion [M-H]− along with characteristic low-mass ions. By looking only for this distinct pattern of product ions, it is possible to determine the class of flavonoid directly. This methodology is tested here by the analysis of a green tea extract, where the expected flavonoids were readily identified, along with quercetin, which is shown to be present at only about 2% of the most intense ion in the spectrum.
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Crupi P, Milella RA, Antonacci D. Simultaneous HPLC-DAD-MS (ESI+) determination of structural and geometrical isomers of carotenoids in mature grapes. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:971-980. [PMID: 20814906 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are uniquely functional polyene pigments ubiquitous in nature; aside from being responsible for the color of a wide variety of vegetables, interest is being focused on food carotenoids due to their likely health benefits. From analytical point of view, it is important to unequivocally identify individual carotenoid compounds in many food stuffs. Therefore, isolation of standards from natural sources must be encouraged for accurate identifications. Like many fruits, mature grape berries contain numerous carotenoid compounds, mostly found in the skin at levels two to three times higher than in the pulp. Carotenoid compounds in a typical wine grape variety (Negroamaro) grown in Apulian region were investigated by reversed-phase C(30) (RP-30) HPLC-DAD-MS (ESI(+)) analysis. As a consequence of an unusual ionization process of carotenoids, their mass spectra registered in the positive ion mode comprised both protonated molecules and molecular ion radicals with little fragmentation. Additionally, selective collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments, together with fine structures of the UV-vis spectra, were used to differentiate structural and geometrical isomers. This technique allowed the simultaneous determination of regio- and cis-isomers of lutein (zeaxanthin, 9Z and 9'Z-lutein) and a cis-isomer of β-carotene (9Z- β-carotene), 5,6-epoxy xanthophylls (violaxanthin, (9'Z)-neoxanthin, lutein-5,6-epoxide) and 5,8-epoxy xanthophylls diasteroisomers (neochrome, auroxanthin, luteoxanthin, flavoxanthin, chrysanthemaxanthin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Crupi
- Agricultural Research Council-Research Unit for Table Grapes and Wine Growing in Mediterranean Environment, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi (BA), Italy
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Staubitz A, Sloan ME, Robertson APM, Friedrich A, Schneider S, Gates PJ, Schmedt auf der Günne J, Manners I. Catalytic Dehydrocoupling/Dehydrogenation ofN-Methylamine-Borane and Ammonia-Borane: Synthesis and Characterization of High Molecular Weight Polyaminoboranes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:13332-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ja104607y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Staubitz
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthew E. Sloan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alasdair P. M. Robertson
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Friedrich
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jörn Schmedt auf der Günne
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K., Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Carollo CA, Calil ALA, Schiave LA, Guaratini T, Roberts DW, Lopes NP, Braga GU. Fungal tyrosine betaine, a novel secondary metabolite from conidia of entomopathogenic Metarhizium spp. fungi. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:473-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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de Oliveira KT, de Assis FF, Ribeiro AO, Neri CR, Fernandes AU, Baptista MS, Lopes NP, Serra OA, Iamamoto Y. Synthesis of Phthalocyanines−ALA Conjugates: Water-Soluble Compounds with Low Aggregation. J Org Chem 2009; 74:7962-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901633a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kleber T. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC-UFABC, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André−SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco F. de Assis
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson O. Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC-UFABC, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André−SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio R. Neri
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
| | - Adjaci U. Fernandes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo−SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S. Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo−SP, Brazil
| | - Norberto P. Lopes
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo A. Serra
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
| | - Yassuko Iamamoto
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto−SP, Brazil
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