Kinetics of albumin homocysteinylation measured with matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization mass spectrometry versus with a radioactive tracer

Biological activity and binding properties of [Ru(II)(dcbpy)2Cl2] complex to bovine serum albumin, phospholipase A2 and glutathione

Ruthenium compounds are highly regarded as metallo-drug candidates. Many studies have focused their attention on the interaction between ruthenium complexes with their possible biological targets. The interaction of ruthenium complexes with transport proteins, enzymes and peptides is of great importance for understanding their biodistribution and mechanism of action, therefore, the development of an anti-cancer therapy involving ruthenium complexes has recently shifted from DNA targeting towards protein targeting. With the aim of gaining insight into possible interactions between ruthenium complexes with biologically relevant proteins, we have studied the interaction of cis-dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid)ruthenium(II) complex [Ru(II)(dcbpy)2Cl2], which previously showed good potency in photo-dynamic chemotherapy, with bovine serum albumin (BSA), phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and glutathione (GSH). Binding constants and possible number of binding sites to mentioned proteins and peptide are investigated by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS). The complex binding affinities were in the following order: PLA2 > BSA > GSH. Moreover, genotoxic profile of the complex, tested on peripheral blood lymphocytes as a model system, was also promising.