1
|
Li L, Choi BC, Ryoo JE, Song SJ, Pei CZ, Lee KY, Paek J, Baek KH. Opposing roles of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 in recurrent pregnancy loss. EBioMedicine 2018; 37:535-546. [PMID: 30348621 PMCID: PMC6286651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism behind an increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) remains largely unknown. In our previous study, we identified that inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITI-H4) is highly expressed at a modified molecular weight of 36 kDa in serum derived from RPL patients. Yet, the precise molecular mechanism and pathways by which the short form of ITI-H4 carries out its function remain obscure. Methods Human sera and peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMCs) were collected from patients and normal controls to compare the expression levels of ITI-H4 and plasma kallikrein (KLKB1). Flow cytometric assay was performed to measure inflammatory markers in sera and culture supernatants. Furthermore, to investigate the functions of the two isoforms of ITI-H4, we performed migration, invasion, and proliferation assays. Findings In the current study, we showed that ITI-H4 as a biomarker of RPL could be regulated by KLKB1 through the IL-6 signaling cascade, indicating a novel regulatory system for inflammation in RPL. In addition, our study indicates that the two isoforms of ITI-H4 possess opposing functions on immune response, trophoblast invasion, and monocytes migration or proliferation. Interpretation The ITI-H4 (∆N688) might be a crucial inflammatory factor which contributes to the pathogenesis of RPL. Moreover, it is expected that this study would give some insights into potential functional mechanisms underlying RPL. Fund This study was supported by the Ministry of Health & Welfare of the Republic of Korea (HI18C0378) through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- The Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 06300, PR China; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, CHA General Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Chae Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CL Women's Hospital, Gwangju 502-800, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Ryoo
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-780, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CL Women's Hospital, Gwangju 502-800, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Zhu Pei
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, CHA General Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yul Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Paek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHA University, CHA General Hospital, Seoul 135-081, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, CHA General Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do 463-400, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cubedo J, Padró T, Formiga F, Ferrer A, Padrós G, Peña E, Badimon L. Inflammation and hemostasis in older octogenarians: implication in 5-year survival. Transl Res 2017; 185:34-46.e9. [PMID: 28506697 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Social changes and medical advances have increased longevity, but the conditions governing healthy vs unhealthy cardiovascular (CV) aging are not fully known. Factors beyond classical CV risk factors may have an important unrecognized value. We sought to identify proteins differentially expressed in healthy octogenarians (HOs) without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and preserved functional and cognitive state compared with octogenarians with a history of CVD and cognitive decline (UHOs) using a systems biology approach, and investigated how these proteins relate to CV mortality at 5-year follow-up. Plasmas obtained from older octogenarians (87 ± 0 years) were analyzed by 2-DE + MS and bioinformatic pathway analysis in HOs (N = 38) and UHOs with cognitive (MEC<25) and functional (Barthel<90) decline and a previous ischemic event (acute myocardial infarction and/or stroke; N = 27). Results were validated by ELISA in HOs and UHOs and in an additional group of older octogenarians without cognitive impairment but with a previous CVD manifestation (HO-CVD; N = 35). UHOs showed a coordinated change in several inflammation-related proteins (AMBP, RBP4, and ITIH4; P < 0.05), together with a significant increase in the major inducer of the acute-phase reaction, interleukin-6 (P = 0.03). UHOs also showed a coordinated increase in hemostatic proteins that was associated with an impairment of fibrinolysis and an increased 5-year CV mortality (P = 0.003). The combination of inflammation (ITIH4 and interleukin-6) and hemostatic markers (D-dimer, A2AP, and coagulation factor XIII) was able to discriminate the presence of an unhealthy phenotype in the elderly (AUC = 0.750; P = 0.001). Unhealthy older octogenarians show increased levels of several plasma proteins of inflammation and coagulation. In older octogenarians, the increase in hemostatic markers indicated an increase in 5-year CV mortality at follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Formiga
- Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Assumpta Ferrer
- Primary Healthcare Centre El Plà CAP-I, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC, CiberCV and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Research Chair UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Quantitation of human peptides and proteins via MS: review of analytically validated assays. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:1843-57. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the development of monoclonal antibodies in the 1970s, antibody-based assays have been used for the quantitation of proteins and peptides and, today, they are the most widely used technology in routine laboratory medicine and bioanalysis. However, in the last couple of decades, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) techniques have been adopted in the quantitation of small molecules, and more recently have made significant contributions in the quantitation of proteins and peptides. In this article, we will review clinical MS-based assays for endogenous peptides, proteins, and therapeutic antibodies, for which validated methods exist. We will also cover the measurement of protein turnover and the unique solutions that MS can offer in this field.
Collapse
|
4
|
Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in patients with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:1257-61. [PMID: 24836184 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) is associated with various diseases. We evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum ITIH4 levels in healthy controls and patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis, and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DESIGN AND METHODS The study enrolled 300 individuals (50 healthy controls, 50 with CHB, 100 with HBV-associated cirrhosis, and 100 with HBV-associated HCC). Serum ITIH4 levels were determined by western blot analysis and expressed in densitometry units (DU). RESULTS ITIH4 levels were higher in CHB (mean: 252.96 DU) and liver cirrhosis (mean: 206.43 DU) patients than in healthy controls (mean: 75.92 DU) and HCC patients (mean: 92.86 DU) (P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.71 for the diagnosis of HCC in patients with HBV-related liver disease. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that large tumor size (≥5 cm) was independently associated with overall survival (hazard ratio 5.894, 95% confidence interval 1.373-25.300, P=0.017). A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significantly worse survival among HCC patients with both low ITIH4 (<80 DU) and a large tumor size compared to that among other HCC patients (P<0.001), and among patients with high AFP (>200 ng/mL) and low ITIH4 compared to that among other HCC patients (P=0.041). CONCLUSIONS Serum ITIH4 levels are reduced in HCC patients compared to that in CHB and cirrhosis patients, and low serum ITIH4 levels are associated with shorter survival in HBV-associated HCC patients.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ko KH, Han NY, Kwon CI, Lee HK, Park JM, Kim EH, Hahm KB. Recent advances in molecular imaging of premalignant gastrointestinal lesions and future application for early detection of barrett esophagus. Clin Endosc 2014; 47:7-14. [PMID: 24570878 PMCID: PMC3928495 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2014.47.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in optical molecular imaging allow identification of morphologic and biochemical changes in tissues associated with gastrointestinal (GI) premalignant lesions earlier and in real-time. This focused review series introduces high-resolution imaging modalities that are being evaluated preclinically and clinically for the detection of early GI cancers, especially Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Although narrow band imaging, autofluorescence imaging, and chromoendoscopy are currently applied for this purpose in the clinic, further adoptions of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy, high-resolution microendoscopy, optical coherence tomography, and metabolomic imaging, as well as imaging mass spectrometry, will lead to detection at the earliest and will guide predictions of the clinical course in the near future in a manner that is beyond current advancements in optical imaging. In this review article, the readers will be introduced to sufficient information regarding this matter with which to enjoy this new era of high technology and to confront science in the field of molecular medical imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hyun Ko
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Na Young Han
- Gachon University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chang Il Kwon
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hoo Keun Lee
- Gachon University College of Pharmacy, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong Min Park
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Beretov J, Wasinger VC, Graham PH, Millar EK, Kearsley JH, Li Y. Proteomics for breast cancer urine biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2014; 63:123-67. [PMID: 24783353 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800094-6.00004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the survival of breast cancer (BC) patients has increased over the last two decades due to improved screening programs and postoperative adjuvant systemic therapies, many patients die from metastatic relapse. Current biomarkers used in the clinic are not useful for the early detection of BC, or monitoring its progression, and have limited value in predicting response to treatment. The development of proteomic techniques has sparked new searches for novel protein markers for many diseases including BC. Proteomic techniques allow for a high-throughput analysis of samples with the visualization and quantification of thousands of potential protein and peptide markers. Human urine is one of the most interesting and useful biofluids for routine testing and provides an excellent resource for the discovery of novel biomarkers, with the advantage over tissue biopsy samples due to the ease and less invasive nature of collection. In this review, we summarize the results from studies where urine was used as a source for BC biomarker research and discuss urine sample preparation, its advantage, challenges, and limitation. We focus on the gel-based proteomic approaches as well as the recent development of quantitative techniques in BC urine biomarker detection. Finally, the future use of modern proteomic techniques in BC biomarker identification will be discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Comparison of triple quadrupole and high-resolution TOF-MS for quantification of peptides. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:565-79. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With an increased interest in peptides and proteins as potential new drug candidates, new approaches for sensitive and selective quantitative analysis are required. LC–MS/MS analysis provides a good alternative to immunoassays with reduced method development times and increased specificity. Results: We have evaluated two state-of-the-art triple quadrupole and high-resolution TOF mass spectrometers with respect to their performance for quantification of six peptides (glufibrinopeptide B, somatostatin, enfuvirtide, TRI1144, C34 and exenatide). The peptides were spiked into protein-precipitated plasma supernatant. Triple quadrupole quantification was performed in SRM mode, and in high-resolution, MS narrow-width extracted chromatograms were generated for quantification. Specificity, accuracy, reproducibility and robustness were found to be comparable between the two instruments. The triple quadrupole instrument is still the most sensitive instrument for quantification of peptides with a median factor of about four-times higher sensitivity (based on LLOQ evaluation). Conclusion: Based on sensitivity, the newest generation triple quadrupole MS systems are still the preferred technology for quantification of peptides. Since the sensitivity difference between triple quadrupole instruments and the new-generation high-resolution TOF-MS instruments is minor, the latter offer a useful alternative whenever additional selectivity is preferred or the use of a generic approach not requiring method optimization is advantageous.
Collapse
|
8
|
Krisp C, Randall SA, McKay MJ, Molloy MP. Towards clinical applications of selected reaction monitoring for plasma protein biomarker studies. Proteomics Clin Appl 2011; 6:42-59. [PMID: 22213646 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The widespread clinical adoption of protein biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive value remains a formidable challenge for the biomedical community. From discovery to validation, the path to biomarkers of clinical relevance abounds with many protein candidates, yet so few concrete examples have been substantiated. In this review, we focus on the recent adoption of selected reaction monitoring (SRM) of plasma proteins in the path to clinical use for a broad range of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, genetic disorders and various metabolic disorders. Recent progress reveals a promising outlook for clinical applications using SRM, which now provides the routine analysis of clinically relevant protein markers at low nanogram per millilitre in plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Krisp
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ultra sensitive quantitation of endogenous oxytocin in rat and human plasma using a two-dimensional liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay. Anal Biochem 2011; 416:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
10
|
Dreisbach A, van der Kooi-Pol MM, Otto A, Gronau K, Bonarius HPJ, Westra H, Groen H, Becher D, Hecker M, van Dijl JM. Surface shaving as a versatile tool to profile global interactions between human serum proteins and the Staphylococcus aureus cell surface. Proteomics 2011; 11:2921-30. [PMID: 21674804 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The human commensal bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is renowned as a causative agent of severe invasive diseases. Upon entering the bloodstream, S. aureus can infect almost every tissue and organ system in the human body. To withstand insults from the immune system upon invasion, several immune-evasive mechanisms have evolved in S. aureus, such as complement inhibition by secreted proteins and IgG-binding by surface-exposed protein A. While it is generally accepted that S. aureus cells bind a range of host factors for various purposes, no global analyses to profile staphylococcal host factor binding have so far been performed. Therefore, we explored the possibility to profile the binding of human serum proteins to S. aureus cells by "surface shaving" with trypsin and subsequent MS analysis of liberated peptides. This resulted in the identification of several components of the complement system, the platelet factor 4 and the isoform 1 of the inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 on the staphylococcal cell surface. We conclude that surface shaving is a versatile tool to profile global interactions between human serum proteins and the S. aureus cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Dreisbach
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
van den Broek I, Sparidans RW, van Winden AWJ, Gast MCW, van Dulken EJ, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. The absolute quantification of eight inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4)-derived peptides in serum from breast cancer patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2011; 4:931-9. [PMID: 21137033 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Various studies exploring the potential of the low-molecular-weight serum peptidome have identified proteolytic cleavage products of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain-4 (ITIH(4)) as potential markers for different types of cancer, presumably generated by tumor-associated exoproteases. However, further elucidation of the discriminative properties of such peptides requires specific quantitative analytical methods. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using a recently developed and fully validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method, we have compared absolute serum concentrations of eight peptides derived from ITIH(4 [658-687]) to ([667-687]) (ITIH(4)-30 to -21) between breast cancer patients (n=45) and controls (n=78). Furthermore, serum samples obtained before and after surgical removal of the tumor were analyzed (n=30). RESULTS The inter-individual variability in measured serum concentrations was high. Nevertheless, most peptides showed a tendency toward elevated levels in the presence of the breast cancer tumor. Significantly increased serum concentrations were observed in the breast cancer group for ITIH(4)-25 (p=0.036) and -29 (p=0.015). Intra-individual comparisons of serum obtained before and after surgery showed significantly decreased serum levels after surgery for seven of the ITIH(4)-derived peptides (p<0.02). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The obtained results particularly suggest potential for these ITIH(4)-derived peptides in the follow-up of breast cancer after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene van den Broek
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Candidate genes involving in tumorigenesis of cholangiocarcinoma induced by Opisthorchis viverrini infection. Parasitol Res 2011; 109:657-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
13
|
Mesmin C, Dubois M, Becher F, Fenaille F, Ezan E. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the absolute quantification of the expected circulating apelin peptides in human plasma. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:2875-2884. [PMID: 20857448 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Apelin peptides are of great interest owing to their involvement in physiological and pathological processes and they have been proposed as novel biomarkers for heart failure. The plasma concentrations of bioactive peptides of 12 (apelin-12), 13 (apelin-13) and pyroglutamyl apelin-13 (apelin-p13), 17 (apelin-17) and 36 (apelin-36) amino acids are reported to range from 20 to 4000 pg/mL in healthy subjects. As standard immunoassays cannot specifically quantify each apelin peptide, we have developed a sensitive and targeted multiplexed liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for each plasma apelin fragment. The approach was based on a cation-exchange extraction step of apelin forms present in human plasma. Apelin-12, -13, -p13, -17 and -36 were quantified using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Stable isotope-labeled internal standards were used for quantification. Following assay validation, apelin peptide stability in plasma was investigated. Ten plasma samples from healthy donors were analyzed both with a standard immunoassay and with our LC/MS/MS method. The immunoassay results for the ten healthy donors showed immunoreactive plasma apelin concentrations ranging from 208 to 466 pg/mL. The lower limits of detection of our LC/MS/MS assay ranged from 10 to 50 pg/mL for apelin-12, -13, -p13, -17, and -36. Surprisingly, none of the five expected circulating forms of apelin was detected. These results question the nature and/or the concentration of circulating apelin peptides as well as the specificity of the immunoassays that have hitherto been used for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Mesmin
- CEA, iBiTec-S, Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
van den Broek I, Sparidans RW, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Specific Investigation of Sample Handling Effects on Protease Activities and Absolute Serum Concentrations of Various Putative Peptidome Cancer Biomarkers. Clin Proteomics 2010; 6:115-127. [PMID: 21124649 PMCID: PMC2970821 DOI: 10.1007/s12014-010-9054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the search for novel cancer biomarkers, various proteolytically derived peptides have been proposed to exhibit cancer or cancer-type specificity. As these peptides are presumably also generated after sample collection by tumor-specific proteases, extensive investigation of the involved proteolytic processes is crucial for further research. Materials and Methods Using two previously developed and fully validated liquid-chromatography coupled to tandem-mass spectrometry assays, absolute quantification of, in total, 13 proteolytically derived peptides in human serum was accomplished. The analytes included eight peptides derived from inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain-4 (ITIH4-30, ITIH4-29, ITIH4-28, ITIH4-27, ITIH4-26, ITIH4-25, ITIH4-22, and ITIH4-21), bradykinin, des-Arg9-bradykinin, Hyp3-bradykinin, and fragments from fibrinogen-α-chain (Fib-α [605–629]) and complement component 4a (C4a [1337–1350]). Samples were obtained from different healthy individuals and prepared with variable tube types, clotting times, and temperatures. Furthermore, stabilities in the serum fraction were assessed and compared to stabilities in serum from breast cancer patients. Results and Discussion The quantitative analyses showed either increasing or decreasing serum concentrations during blood coagulation, while comparable effects were observed in serum separated from the blood clot. Furthermore, comparisons of inter- and intra-individual variations suggested better reflection of an individual’s protease activity after prolonged ex vivo incubation. This was illustrated for the putative breast cancer marker ITIH4-22, revealing better differentiation after incubation of serum at ambient temperature for 24 h. Conclusion The presented study provides suggestions for more specific and optimized sample preparation, as well as extended knowledge necessary to further explore the opportunities of these proteolytic peptides as cancer biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene van den Broek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
| | - Rolf W. Sparidans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. M. Schellens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H. Beijnen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|